Camulos

No panteão celta antigo, Camulus ou Camulos era um teônimo para um deus a quem os romanos igualavam a Marte pela interpretatio romana.[1] Era um deus importante da Grã-Bretanha e da Gália iniciais, especialmente entre os belgas e os remos,[1] uma tribo gálica que vivia na área da Bélgica moderna. No Rindern, França, foi mencionado como Marte-Camulos em cima de uma pedra com uma coroa de carvalho.[1] Em outro lugar foi retratado com uma cabeça de carneiro dotada de corno.[1] Evidência de sua popularidade pode ser vista em vários nomes de lugares, notavelmente Camuloduno.[1] Tentativas de ligá-lo ao personagem infantil Old King Cole e ao pai de Fionn, Cumhall, foram rejeitadas por comentaristas contemporâneos eruditos [1] A cidade Camuloduno (atual Colchester), em Essex, pode ter sido batizada com seu nome.[2] Cotterell afirmou que esta foi a base para a cidade lendária de Camelot.[3] Cunobelino, o Cymbeline, de Shakespeare, um chefe dos Catuvelaunos, que foi chamado Britannorum rex pelo historiador romano Suetônio, fez de Camuloduno sua capital, depois de derrotar os Trinobantes locais.[2] Lá estabeleceu uma casa da moeda e moedas mostrando seu rosto ainda são encontradas ocasionalmente na área.[3] Após sua morte, em torno de 42 d.C., seus filhos, entraram em contenda com Roma e deram ao imperador Cláudio uma desculpa para tentar colocar a Grã-Bretanha sob o domínio romano.[2]

Referências

  1. a b c d e f "Camulus." A Dictionary of Celtic Mythology. Oxford University Press, 1998, 2004.
  2. a b c Cotterell, Arthur (1997). The Encyclopedia of Mythology: Classical, Celtic, Norse. [S.l.]: Anness Publishing Ltd 
  3. a b Arthur Cotterell (1997). The Encyclopedia of Mythology: Classical, Celtic, Norse. [S.l.]: Anness Publishing Ltd 


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