Park Narodowy „Ziemla leoparda”

Национальный парк «Земля леопарда»

park narodowy

Państwo

Siedziba

Data utworzenia

5 kwietnia 2012

Powierzchnia

2619 km²

Ochrona

kategoria IUCN – II (park narodowy)

Położenie na mapie Kraju Nadmorskiego

Położenie na mapie Rosji

43°00′N 131°25′E/43,000000 131,416667

Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons

Strona internetowa

Park Narodowy „Ziemla leoparda” (ros. Национальный парк «Земля леопарда») – park narodowy w Kraju Nadmorskim w Rosji. Jego obszar wynosi 2619 km². Park został utworzony dekretem rządu Federacji Rosyjskiej z dnia 5 kwietnia 2012 roku^[1]. Jest kontynuacją jednego z najstarszych zapowiedników w Rosji, którego początki sięgają 1910 roku^[2]. Z Rezerwatem biosfery „Kiedrowaja Pad´” ma wspólną dyrekcję we Władywostoku^[3].

Opis

Obszar parku znajduje się między Morzem Japońskim a granicą rosyjsko-chińską. Jest to teren wyżynny, pokryty mieszanymi lasami Mandżurii^[4]. Głównym zadaniem parku jest zachowanie i odnowienie jedynej na świecie populacji lamparta amurskiego (Panthera pardus orientalis). Przed powstaniem parku liczba tych kotów wynosiła około 30 osobników, ale już w 2013 roku zarejestrowano około 50 lampartów. Ponadto teren parku zamieszkuje drugi z dużych kotów zagrożonych wyginięciem – tygrys syberyjski (około 20 osobników)^[5].

Teren parku charakteryzuje się bogatą różnorodnością flory i fauny. Żyją tu 54 gatunki ssaków, 184 gatunki ptaków, 7 gatunków płazów, 8 gatunków gadów, 12 gatunków ryb, 940 gatunków roślin naczyniowych, 283 gatunki słodkowodnych alg, 251 gatunków porostów, 179 mchów i 1914 gatunków grzybów.

Oprócz tygrysów i lampartów park zamieszkują m.in. niedźwiedzie himalajskie, niedźwiedzie brunatne, jelenie, rysie i wydry.

Rośnie tu 82 gatunków roślin naczyniowych należących do rzadkich i chronionych^[5].

Klimat

Średnia roczna temperatura powietrza +4,0 °C. Najzimniejszym miesiącem w roku jest styczeń o średniej temperaturze –15,0 °C, najcieplejszym jest sierpień ze średnią temperaturą +20,1 °C.

Średnia suma opadów to około 820 mm rocznie^[6].

Przypisy

↑ ПОСТАНОВЛЕНИЕ Правительства РФ от 05.04.2012 N 282 "ОБ УЧРЕЖДЕНИИ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОГО ПАРКА "ЗЕМЛЯ ЛЕОПАРДА" [online], web.archive.org [dostęp 2019-02-06] [zarchiwizowane z adresu 2018-06-12] .
↑ Земля Леопарда [online], leopard-land.ru [dostęp 2020-08-12] .
↑ Структура, Объединенная дирекция государственного природного биосферного заповедника«Кедровая падь» и национального парка «Земля леопарда» [online], leopard-land.ru [dostęp 2018-05-02] .
↑ Физико-географические характеристики [online], leopard-land.ru [dostęp 2018-04-21] [zarchiwizowane z adresu 2016-03-15] .
↑ ^a ^b Земля леопарда, национальный парк ● Каталог ООПТ ● Особо Охраняемые Природные Территории (ООПТ) [online], web.archive.org, 30 stycznia 2020 [dostęp 2021-08-16] [zarchiwizowane z adresu 2020-01-30] .
↑ Земля леопарда, национальный парк ● Каталог ООПТ ● Особо Охраняемые Природные Территории (ООПТ) [online], web.archive.org, 28 stycznia 2020 [dostęp 2021-08-16] [zarchiwizowane z adresu 2020-01-28] .

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