Seconda battaglia di Chemillé

Seconda battaglia di Chemillé
parte delle guerre di Vandea
D'Elbée protegge i prigionieri repubblicani
Data11 aprile 1793
LuogoChemillé
EsitoVittoria vandeana
Schieramenti
Comandanti
Effettivi
4.000 uomini6.000 uomini
Perdite
150 morti
400 prigionieri
600 morti
Voci di battaglie presenti su Wikipedia

La seconda battaglia di Chemillé è una battaglia della prima guerra di Vandea avvenuta l'11 aprile 1793 a Chemillé.

Antefatti

Nell'aprile 1793, il generale Jean-François Berruyer,comandante delle truppe di Angers, ricevette l'ordine di reprimere l'insurrezione vandeana. Berruyer partì dunque da Angers e si diresse verso Chemillé, mentre ordinò ai generali François Leigonyer e Pierre Quétineau di andare rispettivamente a Saumur e a Bressuire, così si misero il primo sulla strada verso Vezins e il secondo verso Les Aubiers. L'inizio dell'offensiva fu fissato per il 10 aprile.

La battaglia

Il giorno prestabilito, la divisione di Berruyer si mise in marcia in direzione di Chemillé, sulla strada i soldati fucilarono molti abitanti del villaggio di Pont-Barré. A mezzogiorno, le forze repubblicane incontrarono i vandeani insorti di d'Elbée e Cathelineau, a Chemillé con alle spalle il fiume Hyrome.

I repubblicani si lanciarono per primi all'attacco, la battaglia durò a lungo e nessuna delle due forze era in vantaggio, al calar della notte sembrava però pendere a favore dei repubblicani. Tuttavia, sul lato sinistro, i vandeani avevano messo dinanzi a loro i prigionieri repubblicani catturati durante i combattimenti precedenti, questi approfittarono della confusione della battaglia per scappare e raggiungere i loro. Tutti questi prigionieri, in quanto militari, rimasero ordinati e non si diedero ad una fuga scomposta ma anzi si allinearono come a formare una colonna, a causa dell'oscurità i repubblicani dall'altra parte del campo di battaglia non si accorsero che quelli erano prigionieri in fuga, ma credettero che fossero vandeani che stavano lanciando una carica a sorpresa, i repubblicani si lanciarono all'attacco accorgendosi troppo tardi di aver massacrato i loro stessi commilitoni. I vandeani approfittarono della situazione, lanciando un contrattacco finale, Berruyer, viste le sue truppe completamente in preda al panico e demoralizzate per l'errore compiuto, ordinò la ritirata e si diresse verso Saint-Lambert-du-Lattay insieme al generale Duhoux, ferito durante lo scontro.

Conseguenze

Nonostante la vittoria, i vandeani subirono perdite molto più pesanti dei repubblicani e vollero vendicare i loro 600 morti uccidendo i 400 prigionieri catturati durante la battaglia, d'Elbée allora li bloccò mettendosi tra la folla e i prigionieri, vista l'insistenza dei suoi uomini fece recitare a tutti il Pater Noster e alle parole "e rimetti a noi i nostri debiti, così come noi li rimettiamo ai nostri debitori", d'Elbée li fermò dicendo: "Non mentite a Dio", finirono poi la preghiera e quelle parole calmarono quei contadini cattolici che poi non protestarono più. I prigionieri così si salvarono e questo gesto verrà conosciuto in seguito con il nome di "Pater de D'Elbée" (Padre Nostro di d'Elbée).

Tuttavia questa vittoria non durò a lungo, i vandeani infatti a corto di munizioni raggiunsero le truppe di Jean Nicolas Stofflet a Beaupréau, e poco tempo dopo consegnarono Chemillé a Berruyer senza combattere.

Bibliografia

  • Yves Gras, La Guerre de Vendée, éditions Economica, 1994, pp. 31–32.

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