Ferrovia Cividale-Tarcetta

Ferrovia Cividale–Tarcetta
Trenin de ponca
Stati attraversatiItalia (bandiera) Italia
InizioCividale del Friuli
FineCave di Tarcetta
Attivazione1921
Soppressione1952
GestoreItalcementi
Lunghezza10 km
Scartamento600 mm
Elettrificazionedal 1950
Noteadibita al trasporto della marna
Ferrovie

La ferrovia Cividale–Tarcetta fu una ferrovia in concessione a scartamento ridotto che fu utilizzata per il trasporto della marna dalle cave situate nei pressi degli abitati di Biacis, Antro e Tarcetta, allo stabilimento Italcementi di Cividale del Friuli[1].

Storia

Nel 1909, per alimentare il nuovo stabilimento Italcementi di Cividale del Friuli, fu aperta una cava di marna presso il paese di Azzida[2]. Il trasporto del materiale veniva effettuato con pesanti e lenti carri trainati da cavalli.

Nel 1921, per incrementare la produzione dello stabilimento, venne realizzata, utilizzando anche materiale recuperato dopo lo smantellamento delle decauville militari impiegate durante la prima guerra mondiale, una ferrovia che collegava lo stabilimento con le nuove cave aperte a Oculis, Tarcetta e Coliessa.

Agli inizi degli anni '50 del XX secolo, a causa della chiusura delle vecchie cave ed all'apertura degli scavi di Vernasso, più vicini allo stabilimento di Cividale, nonché per l'elevato costo della manutenzione della linea e del mantenimento in esercizio del materiale rotabile, la ferrovia venne chiusa ed il trasporto venne affidato, in esclusiva, ai camion della ditta Folicaldi di Cividale[2].

Donazione della documentazione

Alla chiusura dello stabilimento Italcementi, prima del trasferimento del materiale cartaceo ivi archiviato alla sede di Bergamo, il progetto della linea ferroviaria, completo dei relativi disegni e delle mappe, fu donato al Museo archeologico nazionale di Cividale del Friuli.[3]

Caratteristiche

La ferrovia, realizzata con scartamento da 600 mm negli anni venti del XX secolo[4], era lunga circa 10 chilometri.
I carri ferroviari venivano inizialmente trainati da motrici a vapore di costruzione "MAFFEI"[4] e successivamente, all'inizio degli anni 50[4], da quelle a corrente elettrica continua[2].

Impianti

Nei pressi degli abitati di Biacis e Tarcetta erano state costruite le infrastrutture necessarie per lo stoccaggio ed il caricamento della marna sui vagoncini.
Era stata inoltre realizzata una teleferica per il trasporto via filo della marna prelevata dalla cava di Coliessa fino alle tramogge adibite al caricamento del materiale sul convoglio a Biacis[2].
Per consentire il trasporto del cemento prodotto a Cividale anche tramite i carri ferroviari, erano stati posati, all'interno dello stabilimento, i necessari binari a scartamento ordinario ed era stato realizzato un raccordo con la ferrovia Udine–Cividale[5].

Percorso

 Stazioni e fermate 
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0 Tarcetta
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Antro
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torrente Stivanščak
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Biacis
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torrente Podorieščak
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Spagnut
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torrente Oušonščak
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torrente Potok
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Oculis
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Vernasso
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torrente Velipotok
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galleria
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Sanguarzo
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rio Emiliano
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raccordo con la ferrovia Udine–Cividale
Manuale · Legenda · Convenzioni di stile

La ferrovia iniziava il suo percorso presso lo stabilimento Italcementi, dal quale usciva utilizzando il cancello situato in via Gemona. Attraversava quindi la strada statale 356 di Cividale, lambiva il borgo San Domenico viaggiando parallela alle vie Piave e Zuccola, passava nei pressi dei paesi di Sanguarzo, Vernasso, Oculis, Biacis, Antro e terminava il suo tragitto poco prima di Tarcetta. Il percorso era privo di passaggi a livello e di qualsiasi dispositivo automatico atto a segnalare l'arrivo del convoglio; l'attraversamento delle strade e delle zone abitate veniva annunciato solo dal fischio della locomotiva.[4] Nei pressi dello stabilimento di Cividale, il superamento della SS 356 veniva facilitato da un addetto che, sventolando una bandiera rossa, bloccava il traffico per il periodo strettamente necessario.

Traffico

Il convoglio era composto da circa 20 vagoni, dotati di un dispositivo che consentiva il ribaltamento laterale del cassone di carico, e faceva, ordinariamente, due viaggi al giorno, uno alla mattina ed uno nel pomeriggio[4].

Note

  1. ^ Claudio Canton: La ferrovia Udine-Cividale: 110 anni di storia
  2. ^ a b c d La pietra piasentina (da www.lintver.it), su lintver.it. URL consultato il 16 marzo 2011 (archiviato dall'url originale il 23 luglio 2015).
  3. ^ Per una storia di Cividale, su digilander.libero.it. URL consultato il 25 agosto 2012.
  4. ^ a b c d e Marino Zerboni: Le ferrovie di Cividale del Friuli-Un viaggio nella storia
  5. ^ La ferrovia Udine - Cividale: 125 anni di storia (PDF), su dlfudine.it. URL consultato il 17 novembre 2013.

Bibliografia

  • Paolo Petricig, Quella ferrovia non s'ha da fare, Cooperativa LIPA editrice, San Pietro al Natisone, 1999.
  • Marino Zerboni, Le ferrovie di Cividale del Friuli-Un viaggio nella storia, editore Forum Edizioni, Udine, 2003, ISBN 8884201365.
  • Vojko Hobič e Tadej Brate, Cividale Caporetto TRENINO VLAKEC Kobarid Čedad, editore GraficStyle, Moimacco (UD), 2019, ISBN 978-88-944908-3-4.

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