Marguerite de Bavière (1363-1424)

Marguerite de Bavière
Illustration.
Portrait rétrospectif de Marguerite de Bavière, Musée des beaux-arts de Gand.
Fonctions
Duchesse consort de Bourgogne

(15 ans, 4 mois et 14 jours)
Prédécesseur Marguerite III de Flandre
Successeur Michelle de Valois
Comtesse consort de Flandre, de Bourgogne et d'Artois

(14 ans et 15 jours)
Prédécesseur Philippe II de Bourgogne
Successeur Michelle de Valois
Biographie
Dynastie Maison de Wittelsbach
Date de naissance
Date de décès
Lieu de décès Dijon
Sépulture Chartreuse de Champmol
Père Albert Ier de Hainaut
Mère Marguerite de Brzeg
Conjoint Jean Ier de Bourgogne
Enfants Philippe III de Bourgogne

Marguerite de Bavière (1363-1424)

Marguerite de Bavière, née en 1363, morte à Dijon le , est une duchesse de Bourgogne, épouse du duc Jean Sans Peur et mère du duc Philippe III le Bon.

Biographie

Armoiries des ducs de Valois-Bourgogne

Marguerite était le troisième enfant d'Albert Ier de Hainaut, duc de Bavière-Straubing, comte de Hainaut, de Hollande, et de Zélande et seigneur de Frise, et de Marguerite de Brzeg.

Elle épouse à Cambrai, en 1385, Jean Sans Peur, alors comte de Nevers et qui devient, en 1404, duc de Bourgogne et en 1405 comte de Flandre et d'Artois. Ils auront ensemble un seul fils qui héritera en 1419 du duché et des comtés sous le nom de Philippe III le Bon (1396 † 1467) et sept filles.

Son frère Guillaume IV de Hainaut, héritier de leur père, a épousé, dans le même temps, Marguerite, la sœur de Jean sans Peur. Au décès de Guillaume, en 1417, sa fille unique Jacqueline hérite à son tour des comtés flamands. Philippe III le Bon parvient en 1433 à faire abdiquer sa cousine Jacqueline en sa faveur.

Marguerite de Bavière est citée comme femme remarquable dans la deuxième partie de La Cité des Dames (paru en 1405) de Christine de Pizan.

Mariage et enfants

Gisants de Jean Sans Peur et de Marguerite de Bavière. Palais des ducs de Bourgogne (Dijon).

Elle épouse, lors des doubles noces de Cambrai, le , Jean Sans Peur dont elle a un fils et sept filles :

Ascendance

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Bibliographie

  • Delphine Jeannot, Le Mécénat bibliophilique de Jean sans Peur et de Marguerite de Bavière (1404-1424), Turnhout, Brepols, , 386 p. (ISBN 978-2-503-54422-9).
  • Delphine Jeannot, « Les bibliothèques de princesses en France au temps de Charles VI : l'exemple de Marguerite de Bavière », dans Anne-Marie Legaré, éd., Livres et lectures de femmes en Europe entre Moyen âge et Renaissance, Turnhout, Brepols, (DOI 10.1484/M.STPMSBH-EB.3.2385), p. 191-210.
  • Alain Marchandisse, « Le pouvoir de Marguerite de Bavière, duchesse de Bourgogne », dans Eric Bousmar, Jonathan Dumont, Alain Marchandisse et Bertrand Schnerb, éd., Femmes de pouvoir, femmes politiques durant les derniers siècles du Moyen Âge et au cours de la première Renaissance, De Boeck, (lire en ligne), p. 493-506.

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