Од Хасъл

Од Хасъл
Odd Hassel

Роден
Починал
11 май 1981 г. (83 г.)
Осло, Норвегия
ПогребанНорвегия

Учил вУниверситет на Осло
Хумболтов университет на Берлин
Научна дейност
Областфизикохимия
Работил вУниверситет в Осло
НаградиНобелова награда за химия (1969)
Од Хасъл в Общомедия

Од Хасъл (на норвежки: Odd Hassel) е норвежки физикохимик и лауреат на Нобелова награда за химия от 1969 г.[1]

Биография

Роден е на 17 май 1897 г. в Кристиания (днес Осло), Норвегия. Син е на Ернст Хасъл, гинеколог, и Матилде Клавенес. През 1915 г. е приет в университета в Осло, където изучава математика, физика и химия и който завършва през 1920 г. След като си взема едногодишна почивка, заминава за Мюнхен, Германия, за да работи в лабораторията на професор Казимир Фаянс.[2] Работата му там води до засичането на абсорбционните индикатори. След като се премества в Берлин, Хасъл работи за института Кайзер Вилхелм, където прави изследвания върху рентгеновата кристалография.[3] По-нататъшната му дейност е финансирана със стипендия от фонда Рокфелер, получена с помощта на Фриц Хабер. През 1924 г. получава докторска степен от Берлинския университет, а след това се завръща в университета в Осло, където работи от 1925 до 1964 г. През 1934 г. става професор.[4]

Работата му е прекъсната през октомври 1943 г., когато той и други служители на университета са арестувани от Националното единение и предадени на окупационните власти затова, че са заподозрени в подпомагане на съпротивата. Прекарва известно време в няколко затворнически лагера и е пуснат на свобода през ноември 1944 г.[5]

През 1960 г. е посветен в ордена на Свети Олаф.[1]

Научна дейност

Първоначално Хасъл се фокусира върху неорганичната химия, но след 1930 г. работата му се концентрира върху проблемите, свързани с молекулярната структура, в частност структурата на циклохексана и производните му. Той въвежда в норвежката научна общност понятията за електрически диполен момент и електронна дифракция. Най-известен става с работата си по триизмерната молекулярна геометрия. След средата на 1950-те години изследванията му касаят главно структурата на органичните халогенни съединения.[6] Той изследва пръстеновидните въглеродни молекули, за които подозира, че заемат три измерения, вместо две, както е широко прието по това време. Използвайки броя химични връзки между въглеродните и водородните атоми, Хасъл демонстрира невъзможността молекулите да съществуват само в една равнина. Това му откритие му спечелва Нобелова награда за химия през 1969 г., която той споделя с Дерек Бартън.

Източници

  1. а б Tor Dahl. Odd Hassel // Norsk biografisk leksikon. Посетен на 1 февруари 2018.
  2. Candid Science III: More Conversations with Famous Chemists, Istvan Hargittai, Magdolna Hargittai, Imperial College Press, 2003.
  3. Odd Hassel biography bookrags.com
  4. Odd Hassel – The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1969, nobelprize.org
  5. Nordmenn i fangenskap 1940 – 1945. 2nd. Oslo, Universitetsforlaget, 2004. ISBN 978-82-15-00288-0. с. 289. (на норвежки)
  6. Odd Hassel | Norwegian chemist | Britannica.com

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