Бізерта

Горад
Бізерта
بنزرت
Краіна
Вілает
Каардынаты
Плошча
  • 34 км²
Вышыня цэнтра
4 м
Насельніцтва
114 000 чалавек (2004)
Часавы пояс
Паштовыя індэксы
7000
Аўтамабільны код
BI
Афіцыйны сайт
Бізерта на карце Туніса
Бізерта (Туніс)
Бізерта

Бізе́рта (фінік.:אפא, лац.: Hippo Diarrhytus, араб. بنزرت‎‎) — горад у Тунісе, марскі порт на Міжземным моры. Размешчаны каля мыса Бланко. Самы паўночны горад Туніса, а таксама і ўсёй Афрыкі. Насельніцтва складае 114 тысяч жыхароў (2004).

Гісторыя

Фінікійская калонія Гіпон Акра (фінік.: 𐤄𐤉𐤁𐤅 𐤀𐤊𐤓𐤀) была заснавана напачатку I стагоддзя да н.э. Порт горада адыгрываў важную, дзякуючы свайму ўнікальнаму геаграфічнаму становішчу.

У XVI стст. Бізерта стала базай піратаў Міжземнамор'я.

План порта Бізерта 1906 г.

Да канца XIX стагоддзя горад быў занядбаны, шаша і чыгунка адсутнічалі, марскі порт — засыпаны. З 1891 па 1895 праз пясчаны перашыек быў пракапаны канал, які непасрэдна злучыў Міжземнае мора з возерам Бізерты. На ўтвораным насыпе быў пабудаваны сучасны горад. У 1895 порт быў адкрыты для міжнароднага гандлю. Тады ж ён перайшоў у валоданне Ваенна-марскога флоту Францыі.

У 1961 годзе паміж Францыяй і Тунісам адбыўся ўзброены канфлікт з-за ваенна-марской базы ў Бізерце, вядомы як Бізерцінскі крызіс.

Насельніцтва

Год Колькасць
1956 46 700
2004 114 371
Год Колькасць
2007 117 126
2009 119 243
Год Колькасць
2011 121 483
2013 126 491
Год Колькасць
2014 142 966

Гарады-пабрацімы

Крыніцы

Літаратура

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