Jincheng

For the urban township on the southwestern corner of the island of Greater Kinmen, see Jincheng, Kinmen. For the historical Jincheng prefecture in Gansu, see Lanzhou.

Jincheng 晋城市 Tsincheng
Prefecture-level city
The Tower of Rivers and Mountains overlooking the House of the Huangcheng Chancellor
Location of Jincheng City jurisdiction in Shanxi
Jincheng Location of the city center in Shanxi
Coordinates (Jincheng municipal government): 35°29′28″N 112°51′07″E
Country	People's Republic of China
Province	Shanxi
County-level divisions	6
Municipal seat	Chengqu
Government
• Type	Prefecture-level city
• CPC Jincheng Secretary	Zhang Jiuping (张九萍)
• Mayor	Wang Qingxian (王清宪)
Area
• Prefecture-level city	9,490 km^2 (3,660 sq mi)
• Urban [1]	143.00 km^2 (55.21 sq mi)
• Districts[1]	2,164.0 km^2 (835.5 sq mi)
Population [2]
• Prefecture-level city	2,279,151
• Density	240/km^2 (620/sq mi)
• Urban [1]	493,000
• Urban density	3,400/km^2 (8,900/sq mi)
• Districts[1]	1,067,000
GDP[3]
• Prefecture-level city	CN¥ 142.6 billion US$ 22.4 billion
• Per capita	CN¥ 65,122 US$ 10,420
Time zone	UTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code	048000
Area code	0356
ISO 3166 code	CN-SX-05
Licence plates	晋E
Administrative division code	140500
Website	www.JCOnline.cn
City trees Cedrus City flowers Lagerstroemia indica

Jincheng
Simplified Chinese	晋城
Traditional Chinese	晉城
Literal meaning	Jin City
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Jìnchéng Wade–Giles Chin-ch‘êng

Jincheng is a prefecture-level city situated in the southeast of Shanxi province, China. It shares its border with Henan province to the south and southeast. The city is recognized as an industrial hub, with coal mining being one of its key industries.^[4] The population of the entire city is estimated to be 2.2 million.^[5]

Due to the extensive coal industry in the region, Jincheng has gained notoriety for air pollution. However, the local government has recently made significant investments to address this issue. Efforts have been made to enhance the air quality in the city, such as tree planting, developing and maintaining vast parks and ecological reserves, shutting down or relocating some of the most polluting factories, and promoting the use of coalbed methane, which is a cleaner fuel source than coal.^[6]

History

Jincheng has a rich history dating back to the Warring States period. During this time, the land of Jinguo was divided and settled by Zhao, Wei, and Han. Later, the Late Jin monarch was settled in Qinshui County of Jincheng. The famous battle of Changping between Qin and Zhao took place in Gaoping City of Jincheng towards the end of the Warring States period. After the first emperor of Qin unified the six countries, China was divided into 36 shires, and most of Jincheng and Southeast Shanxi belonged to Shangdang Shire. Throughout the Han and Wei dynasties, Jincheng remained a part of Shangdang Shire and Pingyang Shire.

During the Sixteen States period, West Yan Murong Yong established Jianxing Shire in the southern region of Shangdang Shire, which marked the beginning of Jincheng becoming a Shire. Subsequently, the name of Jianxing Shire was changed several times, first to Jianzhou during the Northern Wei dynasty, then to Zezhou during the Sui dynasty, and finally, it was upgraded to Zezhoufu during the Qing dynasty. These administrative changes were essentially consistent with the five counties under the jurisdiction of Jincheng today. It was not until the Republic of China period that Yuan Shikai issued a policy to transform all Chinese states into counties.

Economy

Jincheng boasts abundant mineral resources, particularly coal. Coal-beds cover more than 56% of the total area, predominantly comprising anthracite, a high-quality coal with minimal impurities. The anthracite reserves in Jincheng account for over a quarter of China's total and half of Shanxi province's total. In addition, Jincheng has a substantial coal mine methane field, discovered in Qinshui county in 2001.^[7] The production of both anthracite and coal mine methane is mainly carried out by Jincheng Anthracite Mining Group.

Apart from its coal-related industries, Jincheng also houses a significant Foxconn manufacturing campus that produces fiber optic parts, with an annual output value of over 3 billion RMB.^[8]

Geography

Jincheng is situated in the southeastern corner of Shanxi province, covering an area of 9,490 square kilometers. It has 188,920 hectares of arable land.^[7]

Transportation

Jincheng is accessible via China National Highway 207 and the Taiyuan–Jiaozuo Railway. However, it does not have a commercial airport, with the nearest ones located in nearby cities such as Zhengzhou, Changzhi, and Luoyang.^[9]

Climate

Jincheng has a rather dry, monsoon-influenced humid continental climate (Köppen Dwa),^[10] with cold and very dry winters, and hot, humid summers. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from −2.2 °C (28.0 °F) in January to 24.2 °C (75.6 °F) in July, and the annual mean is 11.83 °C (53.3 °F). Typifying the influence of the East Asian Monsoon, over two-thirds of the annual 576 millimetres (22.7 in) of precipitation occurs from June to September.

Climate data for Jincheng, elevation 753 m (2,470 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	19.1 (66.4)	24.2 (75.6)	28.2 (82.8)	36.9 (98.4)	36.5 (97.7)	38.6 (101.5)	38.6 (101.5)	35.8 (96.4)	36.6 (97.9)	32.6 (90.7)	26.6 (79.9)	18.7 (65.7)	38.6 (101.5)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	4.0 (39.2)	7.4 (45.3)	13.3 (55.9)	20.2 (68.4)	25.1 (77.2)	28.8 (83.8)	29.5 (85.1)	28.1 (82.6)	24.0 (75.2)	18.6 (65.5)	11.8 (53.2)	5.7 (42.3)	18.0 (64.5)
Daily mean °C (°F)	−1.9 (28.6)	1.3 (34.3)	6.9 (44.4)	13.5 (56.3)	18.9 (66.0)	23.0 (73.4)	24.5 (76.1)	23.1 (73.6)	18.6 (65.5)	12.7 (54.9)	5.9 (42.6)	0.0 (32.0)	12.2 (54.0)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	−6.4 (20.5)	−3.3 (26.1)	1.7 (35.1)	7.8 (46.0)	13.2 (55.8)	17.7 (63.9)	20.5 (68.9)	19.4 (66.9)	14.4 (57.9)	8.0 (46.4)	1.3 (34.3)	−4.4 (24.1)	7.5 (45.5)
Record low °C (°F)	−17.4 (0.7)	−17.4 (0.7)	−10.1 (13.8)	−3.6 (25.5)	2.9 (37.2)	10.1 (50.2)	13.5 (56.3)	11.0 (51.8)	4.4 (39.9)	−3.6 (25.5)	−12.6 (9.3)	−16.6 (2.1)	−17.4 (0.7)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	9.0 (0.35)	12.4 (0.49)	16.5 (0.65)	36.7 (1.44)	49.0 (1.93)	67.9 (2.67)	136.6 (5.38)	120.7 (4.75)	71.4 (2.81)	36.4 (1.43)	20.6 (0.81)	5.6 (0.22)	582.8 (22.93)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm)	4.0	4.5	5.3	6.3	7.6	8.9	12.4	11.6	10.0	7.0	5.0	3.4	86
Average snowy days	5.0	4.9	2.7	0.4	0	0	0	0	0	0.1	2.0	4.0	19.1
Average relative humidity (%)	52	55	52	54	55	60	74	76	71	64	58	51	60
Mean monthly sunshine hours	169.4	168.2	201.2	228.9	246.6	226.6	201.5	194.8	166.8	176.2	169.8	175.9	2,325.9
Percent possible sunshine	54	54	54	58	57	52	46	47	45	51	56	58	53
Source: China Meteorological Administration[11][12]

Administrative divisions

Map
Cheng Zezhou County Qinshui County Yangcheng County Lingchuan County Gaoping (city)
Name	Hanzi	Hanyu Pinyin	Population (2003 est.)	Area (km^2)	Density (/km^2)
Cheng District	城区	Chéngqū	280,000	141	1,986
Gaoping City	高平市	Gāopíng Shì	480,000	946	507
Zezhou County	泽州县	Zézhōu Xiàn	510,000	2,023	252
Qinshui County	沁水县	Qìnshuǐ Xiàn	210,000	2,655	79
Yangcheng County	阳城县	Yángchéng Xiàn	390,000	1,968	198
Lingchuan County	陵川县	Língchuān Xiàn	250,000	1,751	143

Footnotes

1. Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, ed. (2019). China Urban Construction Statistical Yearbook 2017. Beijing: China Statistics Press. p. 46. Archived from the original on 18 June 2019. Retrieved 11 January 2020.
2. 晋城市第六次人口普查结果公布. 晋城在线 [Jincheng Online] (in Simplified Chinese). Archived from the original on 25 June 2012. Retrieved 30 August 2012.
3. 山西省统计局、国家统计局山西调查总队 (December 2021). 《山西统计年鉴－2021》. 中国统计出版社. ISBN 978-7-5037-7824-7.
4. 晋城主要资源 [Jincheng primary natural resources]. Jincheng Online. Archived from the original on 2007-09-27. Retrieved 2007-06-14.
5. 晋城概述. Jincheng Online. Archived from the original on 2007-06-08. Retrieved 2007-06-14.
6. Sun Ruisheng; He Dan (2012-11-09). "Jincheng: The coal city that's turning green". China Daily. p. 20. Retrieved 2 January 2014.
7. "Jincheng". 2013. Retrieved 6 September 2015.
8. "Foxconn to help China's Jincheng with industrial development". Retrieved 13 October 2019.
9. "The Public information Network of Jincheng Government". Archived from the original on 23 May 2014. Retrieved 23 May 2014.
10. Peel, M. C., Finlayson, B. L., and McMahon, T. A.: Updated world map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 11, 1633-1644, doi:10.5194/hess-11-1633-2007, 2007.
11. 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 26 August 2023.
12. 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 26 August 2023.

External links

• Jincheng Online (in English)
• Jincheng Online (in Chinese)