Putian

This article is about the city in China. For the Singapore-based restaurant chain, see Putien (restaurant).

Putian 莆田市
Prefecture-level city
Clockwise from top: Licheng District, Putian University, Guqiaolou Temple, Guanghua Temple in Chengxiang District, the Municipal Government building of Putian.
Location of Putian in Fujian
Putian Show map of Fujian Putian Show map of China
Coordinates (Putian Government Plaza): 25°27′09″N 119°00′28″E
Country	China
Province	Fujian
Government
• CPC Secretary	Lin Baojin
• Deputy Mayor	Li Jianhui
Area
• Prefecture-level city	4,119 km^2 (1,590 sq mi)
• Urban	2,284 km^2 (882 sq mi)
• Metro	2,284 km^2 (882 sq mi)
Population  (2020 census)[1]
• Prefecture-level city	3,210,714
• Density	780/km^2 (2,000/sq mi)
• Urban	2,305,646
• Urban density	1,000/km^2 (2,600/sq mi)
• Metro	2,305,646
• Metro density	1,000/km^2 (2,600/sq mi)
GDP[2]
• Prefecture-level city	CN¥ 277 billion US$ 38.3 billion
• Per capita	CN¥ 94,109 US$ 12,995
Time zone	UTC+8 (Time in China)
Postal code	601
Area code	06
ISO 3166 code	TW-FJ
License Plate Prefixes	闽B
Local variety	Puxian Min
Website	www.putian.gov.cn

Putian
Simplified Chinese	莆田
Postal	Putien
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Pútián[3] Wade–Giles P'u^2-t'ien^2 Hakka Romanization Phû-thièn Southern Min Hokkien POJ Phô͘-chhân Eastern Min Fuzhou BUC Può-dièng Pu-Xian Min Hinghwa BUC Pó-chéng

Putian or Putien (Chinese: 莆田, Putian dialect: Pó-chéng), also known as Puyang (莆阳) and Puxian (莆仙), historically known as Xinghua or Hing Hwa (simplified Chinese: 兴化; traditional Chinese: 興化), is a city in Fujian Province, People's Republic of China. It borders Fuzhou City to the north, Quanzhou City to the south, and the Taiwan Strait's Xinghai Bay to the east.^[4] The Mulan River flows through the southern part of the city.

History

Putian was first founded as an administrative area in the year of 568 as a city county during the Chen dynasty.^{[citation needed]}

Putian was later established as a military administered city in 979. Putian is known as the counterfeit sneaker capital with counterfeiters protected from internationally intellectual property law enforcement by the notoriously corrupt local courts.^[5]

Language

Pó-chéng-uā (莆田话), a sub-dialect of Min Chinese is spoken.

Economy

Putian has become an export base for Fujian products. The main industries are shoe-making, brewing, electronics, garments, fruits, vegetables, machinery and electrical goods.^[6] In particular, the area is known for high-quality counterfeits of shoes^[7] and the domination of Chinese private healthcare.^[8][9]

Culture

Salt-baked duotou clams

Putian is known for Putian (Henghwa) cuisine, a unique style of cuisine that places a heavy emphasis on fresh seafood. Duotou clams, locally harvested around the village of Duotou, are particularly well known.

Tourism

Meizhou Island, most famous for being the legendary birthplace of the goddess Mazu, is located closely offshore of Putian. According to legends, Mazu in her earthly incarnation died on the seashore of Xianliang Harbor, in the coastal area of Putian, where Xianliang Mazu Temple hosts pilgrims from different Chinese provinces and from Taiwan, particularly for the ceremonies commemorating the goddess' death held in October.^[10] Because of its hosting "the most sacred places for Mazu believers," Putian is known as "Mazu's hometown."^[11]

Universities and colleges

• Putian University
• Meizhouwan Vocational Technology College

Climate

Climate data for Putian (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	27.0 (80.6)	31.1 (88.0)	30.3 (86.5)	32.0 (89.6)	33.8 (92.8)	35.6 (96.1)	36.9 (98.4)	36.7 (98.1)	36.4 (97.5)	33.5 (92.3)	31.1 (88.0)	28.4 (83.1)	36.9 (98.4)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	16.4 (61.5)	16.9 (62.4)	19.3 (66.7)	23.7 (74.7)	27.2 (81.0)	30.3 (86.5)	33.1 (91.6)	32.7 (90.9)	30.8 (87.4)	27.0 (80.6)	23.3 (73.9)	18.7 (65.7)	25.0 (76.9)
Daily mean °C (°F)	12.6 (54.7)	12.9 (55.2)	15.1 (59.2)	19.5 (67.1)	23.5 (74.3)	26.7 (80.1)	29.0 (84.2)	28.7 (83.7)	27.1 (80.8)	23.4 (74.1)	19.7 (67.5)	15.0 (59.0)	21.1 (70.0)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	10.1 (50.2)	10.4 (50.7)	12.4 (54.3)	16.6 (61.9)	20.7 (69.3)	24.1 (75.4)	26.0 (78.8)	25.8 (78.4)	24.5 (76.1)	21.0 (69.8)	17.3 (63.1)	12.5 (54.5)	18.5 (65.2)
Record low °C (°F)	1.5 (34.7)	4.1 (39.4)	2.8 (37.0)	9.1 (48.4)	15.0 (59.0)	16.2 (61.2)	22.0 (71.6)	21.5 (70.7)	19.8 (67.6)	13.2 (55.8)	6.3 (43.3)	1.8 (35.2)	1.5 (34.7)
Average precipitation mm (inches)	47.1 (1.85)	73.2 (2.88)	116.3 (4.58)	123.9 (4.88)	199.6 (7.86)	274.0 (10.79)	183.1 (7.21)	251.3 (9.89)	145.8 (5.74)	57.3 (2.26)	42.7 (1.68)	37.3 (1.47)	1,551.6 (61.09)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm)	8.0	10.6	15.1	14.3	15.8	15.6	9.9	13.3	8.8	4.9	5.8	6.9	129
Average snowy days	0.1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.1
Average relative humidity (%)	71	74	76	76	79	82	77	77	71	65	67	66	73
Mean monthly sunshine hours	121.5	101.9	116.4	130.9	137.1	153.7	243.2	213.7	182.5	179.2	140.8	135.8	1,856.7
Percent possible sunshine	37	32	31	34	33	37	58	53	50	51	43	42	42
Source: China Meteorological Administration[12][13]

Administration

Putian's municipal executive, legislature and judiciary are in Chengxiang District (城厢区). The municipal region comprises three other districts and one county:

• Hanjiang District (涵江区)
• Licheng District (荔城区)
• Xiuyu District (秀屿区)
• Xianyou County (仙游县)

Map
Chengxiang Hanjiang Licheng Xiuyu Xianyou County Xiaori Island Nanri Island Meizhou Island Luci Island Wuqiu Note: Kinmen County, ROC (Taiwan) is claimed by the PRC.

References

1. "China: Fújiàn (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map".
2. 福建省统计局、国家统计局福建调查总队 (August 2021). 《福建统计年鉴－2021》. 中国统计出版社. ISBN 978-7-5037-9510-7. Archived from the original on 2022-03-01. Retrieved 2021-12-23.
3. 教育部重編國語辭典修訂本. Retrieved 17 August 2019. 字詞 【莆田縣】 注音 ㄆㄨˊ ㄊㄧㄢˊ ㄒㄧㄢˋ 漢語拼音 pú tián xiàn
4. Litchi City Putian Archived 2011-05-22 at the Wayback Machine
5. Rechtschaffen, Daniel. "How China's Legal System Enables Intellectual Property Theft". thediplomat.com. The Diplomat. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
6. China today Archived 2007-09-07 at the Wayback Machine
7. Schmidle, Nicholas (2010-08-19). "Inside the Knockoff-Tennis-Shoe Factory". New York Times. Retrieved 8 September 2010.
8. "The Putian phenomenon". Week in China. HSBC. 2014-06-20. Retrieved 5 May 2016.
9. "Baidu's "moral dilemma" – How a Cancer Case aroused National Attention". China Spoon. 2014-06-20. Retrieved 5 May 2016.
10. Hsun Chang, "Multiple Religious and National Identities: Mazu Pilgrimages across the Taiwan Strait after 1987," in Cheng-tian Kuo (Ed.), Religion and Nationalism in Chinese Societies, Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2017, 373–396 (378).
11. Hsun Chang (2017), 378.
12. 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 23 June 2023.
13. 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 23 June 2023.

External links

• Putian Government Website