Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture
23°22′N 103°22′E / 23.36°N 103.37°E / 23.36; 103.37
Autonomous prefecture in Yunnan, People's Republic of China
The old city gate of Jianshui County
Rice terraced mountains of Yuanyang County near sunset
Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture (simplified Chinese : 红河哈尼族彝族自治州 ; traditional Chinese : 紅河哈尼族彝族自治州 ; pinyin : Hónghé Hānízú Yízú Zìzhìzhōu ; Hani : Haoqhoq Haqniqssaq Haqhholssaq Ziiqziifzel ; Yi : ꉼꉸꉳꆃꁈꆃꁈꊨꏦꍓ) is an autonomous prefecture in Southeast-Central Yunnan Province , China, bordering Vietnam's Lào Cai and Lai Châu provinces to the south. Its name is derived from the Hong (Red) River and the two major ethnic minority groups who live there: the Yi and the Hani . Honghe has an area of 32,929 square kilometres (12,714 sq mi) and its seat is Mengzi . The total population is 4.8 million, of which 61.3% belong to ethnic minorities .
In 2008, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage of the People's Republic of China nominated the Honghe Hani Terraced Fields of Yuanyang County for World Heritage Site status. It was added to the list on 22 June 2013, bringing the total number of World Heritage Sites in China to 45.
Subdivisions
The prefecture is subdivided into 13 county-level divisions : 4 county-level cities , 6 counties , and 3 autonomous counties :
Map
Name
Hanzi
Hanyu Pinyin
Population (2010)
Area (km2 )
Density (/km2 )
Mengzi City
蒙自市
Méngzì Shì
417,200
2,228
187
Gejiu City
个旧市
Gèjiù Shì
459,800
1,597
288
Kaiyuan City
开远市
Kāiyuǎn Shì
322,700
2,009
161
Mile City
弥勒市
Mílè Shì
539,700
4,004
135
Lüchun County
绿春县
Lǜchūn Xiàn
222,200
3,167
70
Jianshui County
建水县
Jiànshuǐ Xiàn
531,500
3,940
135
Shiping County
石屏县
Shípíng Xiàn
299,100
3,090
97
Luxi County
泸西县
Lúxī Xiàn
400,700
1,674
239
Yuanyang County
元阳县
Yuányáng Xiàn
396,800
2,292
173
Honghe County
红河县
Hónghé Xiàn
296,500
2,034
146
Jinping Miao, Yao and Dai Autonomous County
金平苗族瑶族傣族自治县
Jīnpíng Miáozú Yáozú Dǎizú Zìzhìxiàn
356,200
3,677
97
Hekou Yao Autonomous County
河口瑶族自治县
Hékǒu Yáozú Zìzhìxiàn
104,600
1,313
80
Pingbian Miao Autonomous County
屏边苗族自治县
Píngbiān Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn
154,000
1,905
81
Demographics
At the end of 2019, Honghe Prefecture had 4.775 million residents, of which 61.3% belonged to ethnic minorities .[2]
Ethnic groups in Honghe, 2010 census
Nationality
Population
Percentage
Han
1,928,601
42.85%
Yi
1,043,599
23.19%
Hani
789,702
17.55%
Hmong
326,141
7.25%
Zhuang
111,182
2.47%
Dai
106,150
2.36%
Yao
92,759
2.06%
Hui
74,767
1.66%
Lahu
11,430
0.25%
Bai
4,846
0.11%
Others
11,719
0.26%
Total
4,500,896
Ethnic subgroups
The Red River forms the border between Honghe Prefecture's Jinping County (background) and Hekou County (foreground). Bananas are grown in abundance on both sides of the river
Honghe Prefecture has the following ethnic Hani subgroups (Honghe Ethnic Gazetteer 1989:32):
Honghe Prefecture has the following 10 ethnic Yi subgroups (Honghe Ethnic Gazetteer 1989:68):
Nisubo 尼苏泼 (exonyms and other names: Luoluo 罗罗 , Sandaohong 三道红 , Huayao 花腰 , Muji 母基 )
Nibo 尼泼 (exonyms and other names: Sani 撒尼 , Azhe 阿哲 )
Gepo 葛泼 (exonyms and other names: White Yi 白彝 )
Siqi 斯期 (exonyms and other names: Large Black Yi 大黑彝 , Small Black Yi 小黑彝 )
Axibo 阿细泼 (exonyms and other names: Axi 阿细 )
Puwabo 朴瓦泼 , Pulebo 普勒泼 (exonyms and other names: Pula 朴喇 )
Alubo 阿鲁泼 (exonyms and other names: Alu 阿鲁 )
Lesubo 勒苏泼 (exonyms and other names: Shansu 山苏 )
Luobo 罗泼 (exonyms and other names: Awu 阿务 , Laowu 老乌 )
Xiangtang 香堂
Transportation
Roads
Railways
The prefecture is crossed by the early-20th century narrow-gauge Kunming–Hai Phong Railway and its branches . These railways have lost most of their economic importance after the opening of the standard-gauge Kunming-Hekou railway (whose sections within the prefecture are the Yuxi–Mengzi Railway and the Mengzi–Hekou Railway ).
The prefecture is also served by the Nanning–Kunming high-speed railway and Mile–Mengzi Railway (under construction).
Airport
Honghe Mengzi Airport is being built in the prefectural capital Mengzi .[3]
References
External links