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雙圓錐

幾何學中,雙圓錐是一種雙錐體,是指基底為圓形的雙錐體,其可以視為將二個底面全等的圓錐,底面對底面皆合起來的三維幾何體[1],或是由二個全等的圓錐共同圍出的空間。每個雙圓錐皆由二個曲面所組成,具有一個曲邊和二個頂點,由於組成面有曲面以及組成邊為曲邊,因此會導致其歐拉特徵數不為二,其F-E+V=3。所有雙圓錐都是廣義的二面體的一種。

若雙錐體以橢圓形為基底則稱為雙橢圓錐。

雙圓錐是一種旋轉體,由菱形旋轉而成。

命名

雙圓錐也可以稱為圓雙錐,在英語中稱為bicone或dicone,其中Bi- comes來自拉丁語、而Di-來自希臘語

體積與表面積

已知半徑與高的的雙圓錐的體積表面積存在下面等式:[2]

其中

S為雙圓錐的表面積
V為雙圓錐的體積
E為基底(赤道橫切面)的面積
H為雙圓錐的
h為H的一半
c為斜高
r為基底(赤道橫切面)的半徑
e為基底(赤道橫切面)的周長

它們分別為圓錐的二倍體積與表面積是圓錐側面積的二倍,但若上下圓錐高不等,則將整個圖形分個成二個圓錐分別計算,然後再相加,而癟面積只需計算所有側面積的總合。

相關多面體

雙圓錐可以視為雙錐體系列的極限,即所謂雙無限角錐,當邊數趨近於無窮大而邊長趨近於零時則成為雙圓錐。

半正对偶双棱锥
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 ...
node_f1 2 node_f1 2 node  node_f1 2 node_f1 3 node  node_f1 2 node_f1 4 node  node_f1 2 node_f1 5 node  node_f1 2 node_f1 6 node  node_f1 2 node_f1 7 node  node_f1 2 node_f1 8 node  node_f1 2 node_f1 9 node  node_f1 2 node_f1 1x 0x node  node_f1 2 node_f1 1x 1x node  node_f1 2 node_f1 1x 2x node  node_f1 2 node_f1 infin node 
作为球面镶嵌

但實際上雙無限角錐應為平面鑲嵌[3],因為沒有多邊形能使其邊長為零或趨近於零,否則會退化成一個點。

參見

參考文獻

  1. ^ bicone页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) merriam-webster.com [2014-6-25]
  2. ^ Weisstein, Eric W. "Bicone页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource.
  3. ^ Jim McNeill: Tessellations of the Plane页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) orchidpalms.com [2014-6-25]

外部連結

埃里克·韦斯坦因. Bicone. MathWorld. 

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