阿德萊德市

阿德萊德市
阿德萊德市中心多倫士河(英语:River Torrens)
阿德萊德市中心多倫士河英语River Torrens
阿德萊德市官方標誌
標誌
阿德萊德市在南澳大利亚州的位置
阿德萊德市
阿德萊德市
坐标:34°56′S 138°36′E / 34.93°S 138.6°E / -34.93; 138.6
国家 澳大利亞
一级行政区南澳大利亚州
地區阿德萊德都會區
建立1840
政府所在地Adelaide city centre
政府
 • 市長夏世民
面积
 • 总计15.57 平方公里(6.01 平方英里)
人口(2016年普查)[1]
 • 總計22,063人
 • 密度1,417人/平方公里(3,670人/平方英里)
州選區阿德萊德 (選區)
聯邦選區阿德萊德 (聯邦選區)
網站阿德萊德市

阿德萊德市(英語:City of Adelaide)是南澳州阿德萊德地方政府區域,行政範圍包括阿德萊德市中心北阿德萊德阿德萊德柏蘭

阿德萊德市於1840年成立,其市政局是澳州最早成立的市政機構。首任市長為詹姆士·哈爾特爾·費沙英语James Hurtle Fisher,現任市長為夏世民,於2014年上任。自1919年,市長一職獲得「市長大人」(Lord Mayor)的尊稱。

歷史

1929年,紋章院向阿德萊德市頒發的紋章,為阿德萊德市徽
阿德萊德市旗在1982年8月2日獲市政局通過,正式刊憲為市旗。[2]

南澳省成立初期由殖民地官員直接管理,並於1836年12月28日成立殖民地政府。1840年,阿德萊德市政法團(英語:The City of Adelaide Municipal Corporation)成立,成為澳州首個市政機構。1843年,當時殖民地陷入第一次經濟危機,時任市長韋信英语Thomas Wilson辭職,繼而引起憲法問題。市政法團陷入崩潰邊緣,在1843至1849年間,管治權收歸殖民地政府所有。1849至1852年間,市政法團由五名政府官員管理。隨着維多利亞州淘金潮所帶來的經濟復甦,市政法團在1852年重新成立,自此未曾因上述原因而停擺。[3][4][5][6][7]但隨着市政法團重新成立,其與州政府和聯邦政府之間時常發生磨擦。[8]

市政局在1840年成立初期,共19名議員(Councillor),當中產生4名首席議員(Aldermen),再由首席議員互選產生市長。1852年,市政局分成四個選區,市長由3名議員和1名首席議員中互選產生。直至1861年,市長由全體市政局議員互選產生,首席議員一職亦被裁撤。1873年,市政局分為六個選區,每個選區共兩席。1880年,重設6名首席議員,由各選區選出。1919年,市長(Mayor)一職冠上「Lord」尊稱,是為「市長大人」(Lord Mayor);其後在1927年再獲得「非常尊貴的」(The Right Honourable)的尊稱。

1929年,紋章院向阿德萊德市頒發紋章。而市旗在1982年獲市政局通過成為阿德萊德市旗。

2015年,市政局為安裝蓄電系統提供經濟援助。[9]

人口

20世紀末,阿德萊德市人口跌至新低,約13萬人;是1915年的百分之三十人口。1914年10月8日,查里斯·里德(Charles Reade)在阿德萊德市政廳舉行「花園城市vs阿德萊德貧民窟及市郊」(Garden cities v. Adelaide slums and suburbs)講座,提倡城市規劃立法等改革。他以當時阿德萊德引例,指出貧民窟導致市內人口密度過高。[10]阿德萊德市政局批評里德的城市規劃及房屋改革方案,[11]而當時媒體指出人民被逼在過渡擠逼的地方聚居,市政局忽視貧民窟之舉是無䅲:[12]

市政局不懂反思,並似乎打算忽視貧民窟問題,以令地主收取更多利益。同時亦令貧民捱苦、面臨着因惡劣居住環境而引致的疾病。

戰後,隨着人口開始散佈在市中心以外,人口不斷跌至新低;20世紀末僅剩13萬人口。2001年7月3日,阿德萊德市政局推出《容力、活力、毅力》主題計劃(Capacity, Vivacity and Audacity),以提高市內人口密度。在寻求返回到较高密度的人口水平。[13]計劃在2010年透過遊客及勞工以提高人口一倍。

根據市政局年度報告,阿德萊德市人口在計劃推行後迅速增長。

年度 2010-11 2009-10 2008-09 2007-08 2006-07 2005-06 2004-05 2003-04 2002-03 2001-02 2000-01 2006
目標
2010
目標
2012
目標
永久性居民 21,800 21,200 19,800 19,700 18,400 15,000 14,361 13,734 13,289 16,000
25,000
25,000
34,000
25,500
住宅 13,100 12,500 11,388 10,600 9,900 9,900 9,600 7,335 7,335 5,510
過夜人口 29,800 29,200 27,400 27,100 23,800 22,000 21,090 19,610 17,861 17,861 19,900 34,500
過夜遊客 8,000 8,000 7,600 7,400 5,400 7,000 6,729 5,866
每日遊客 (*) 86,500 79,000 74,000 60,000 75,000 75,000 75,000 103,500 103,500 125,000 150,000
勞工 126,500 126,500 118,500 108,000 108,000 99,000 95,682 93,000 93,000 89,000 98,000 111,000 125,000
學生 90,000 88,000 86,700 81,100 75,000 63,000 59,240 51,900 50,597 50,000 58,000 66,000
每日人口 220,000 205,000 208,200 190,000 200,000 200,000 216,000 215,000
辦公室面積 (**) 1.503 1.443 1.200 1.184 1.038 1.100 1.109

*市內遊客不限於阿德萊德市,亦包括阿德萊德都會區遊客數量。

**平方公里的辦公室面積。阿德萊德市總面積約15.6 km2,其中7.6 km2為柏蘭。資料來源: 2010-11年 2009-10年度 2008-09年 2007-08年 2006-07年 2005-06年的 2004-05年 2003-04年 2002/03年 2001-02年 2000-01 1999年-00 1998-99 1997-98年

地域行政分區及郵政編碼

地區(英) 地區(中) 郵便編號
Adelaide 阿德萊德 5000
North Adelaide英语North Adelaide, South Australia 北阿德萊德英语North Adelaide, South Australia 5006

市政局服務及設施

市政局除了提供市政服務外,亦包括:

友好城市

阿德萊德市目前與以下城市達成友好城市安排:[16]

著名居民

參見

參考文獻

  1. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics. Adelaide (C). 2016 Census QuickStats. 27 June 2017 [16 November 2017].  編輯維基數據鏈接
  2. ^ History of Council - The Armorial Flag页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), City of Adelaide website
  3. ^ home page页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆), City of Adelaide website
  4. ^ History 互联网档案馆存檔,存档日期28 February 2011., City of Adelaide
  5. ^ Lord Mayors & Mayors 互联网档案馆存檔,存档日期2 March 2011., City of Adelaide
  6. ^ Books mentioned on the City of Adelaide history webpages: Those Turbulent Years. A History of the City of Adelaide 1929–1979, Pubs, pews and powerbrokers, The City of Adelaide - A Thematic History 互联网档案馆存檔,存档日期19 November 2010.
  7. ^ A Thematic History, pp81-82.
  8. ^ Morton, After Light p. 10
  9. ^ Sophie Vorrath. Adelaide City Council offers energy storage incentive, Australia’s first. Renew Economy. 23 June 2015 [7 July 2015]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-25). 
  10. ^ Where are the Slums? Mr. Reade on Garden Cities. The Journal, 9 October 1914, p 1.
  11. ^ Leonie Sandercock. 'Adelaide: Property, Privilege and Power' in Property, Politics, and Urban Planning: A History of Australian City Planning 1890-1990. p 81.
  12. ^ City Council, Slums, and Town Planning.Daily Herald, 11 September 1916, p 4B.
  13. ^ Adelaide City Council Annual Report 2001/2002, p 2. http://www.cityofadelaide.com.au/assets/documents/acc_01_02_annual_report_full.pdf页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆).
  14. ^ All-Electric, Solar-Powered, Free Bus!!!. Ecogeek.org. 27 December 2007 [12 January 2013]. (原始内容存档于8 September 2009). 
  15. ^ New free City connector bus service. Adelaide City Council. [16 October 2015]. (原始内容存档于2015年12月22日). 
  16. ^ Sister Cities - Adelaide City Council Retrieved 10 October 2013
  17. ^ The Nobel Prize in Physics 1915: William Bragg, Lawrence Bragg. [12 September 2011]. (原始内容存档于2013-03-21). 
  18. ^ The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1945: Sir Alexander Fleming, Ernst B. Chain, Sir Howard Florey. [12 September 2011]. (原始内容存档于2013-05-27). 
  19. ^ The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2005: Barry J. Marshall, J. Robin Warren. [12 September 2011]. (原始内容存档于2013-05-26). 

34°56′S 138°36′E / 34.933°S 138.600°E / -34.933; 138.600

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