達喀爾

此条目页的主題是塞内加尔首都“Dakar”。关于孟加拉国的首都達卡（Dhaka），請見「達卡」。
达喀尔
首都
Ville de Dakar
达喀尔
达喀尔徽章
徽章
达喀尔城，共分成19个 communes d'arrondissement
达喀尔城，共分成19个 communes d'arrondissement
达喀尔在塞內加爾的位置
达喀尔
达喀尔
位于西非，塞内加尔
坐标：14°43′55″N 17°27′26″W / 14.7319°N 17.4572°W / 14.7319; -17.4572
国家 塞内加尔
地區达喀尔
Département达喀尔
定居于15世纪
大區
19
  • Cambérène
  • Parcelles Assaines
  • Pattie d'Oies
  • Hann Bel-Air
  • Dieuppeul Derklé
  • HLM
  • Biscuiterie
  • Grand Dakar
  • Plateau
  • Médina
  • Fass-Gueule Tapée-Colobane
  • Fann Point-E
  • Mermoz-Sacré-Coeur
  • Ouakam
  • Yoff
  • Ngor
  • Liberté
  • Grand-Yoff
  • Cape Verde Peninsula
政府
 • 市长巴泰勒米·迪亚斯（法语：Barthélémy Dias） (2022年至今)
面积[1]
 • 首都82.38 平方公里 (31.81 平方英里)
 • 都會區547 平方公里（211 平方英里）
人口（2005年12月31日估计）[2]
 • 首都1,030,594人
 • 密度12,510人/平方公里（32,400人/平方英里）
 • 都會區2,452,656
 • 都會區密度4,484人/平方公里（11,610人/平方英里）
 (data here are for the administrative Dakar région, which matches almost exactly the limits of the metropolitan area)
时区GMT（UTC+0）
網站www.dakarville.sn (french)

达喀尔[註 1]（Dakar）是塞内加尔的首都，位于佛得角半岛，面朝大西洋海岸。它是塞内加尔最大的城市，位于非洲大陆最西端，因此对于泛大西洋和欧洲贸易是一个十分有利的启运点，这也帮助了达喀尔成长为一个区域性港口。

达喀尔是主要的行政中心，是塞内加尔国民议会及总统官邸所在地。現在有开罗-达喀尔高速公路和非洲西部沿海橫貫高速公路與鄰國交通往來。

达喀尔將舉行2026年夏季青年奧林匹克運動會（原定2022年举办），將是非洲及穆斯林地區（狭义上）首个舉辦奧運會的城市。

歷史

考古遺跡證明從舊石器時代起已有人聚居於達卡。但直到十七紀，達卡只有三十戶漁民居住。1750年，法國博物學家米歇爾·阿丹森（Michel Adanson）將其出現在佛得角的草圖上。該地區的名字首次出現在地圖上。

後來塞內加爾成為法國殖民地，法國人於1857年起開始於達卡建城。1902年，成為法屬西非首都。至二次大戰後，成為塞內加爾首都。

地理

达喀尔位于北纬 14°40'20" ，西经17°25'22" (14.67222, -17.422778).[3]

交通

达喀尔-布莱兹·迪亚涅国际机场大区快速铁路已於2021年12月27日投入运营。

塞內加爾達喀爾氣候 (1981–2010)
月份 1月 2月 3月 4月 5月 6月 7月 8月 9月 10月 11月 12月 全年
历史最高温 °C（°F） 39.6
(103.3) 		38.7
(101.7) 		40.4
(104.7) 		38.4
(101.1) 		36.2
(97.2) 		36.6
(97.9) 		36.9
(98.4) 		35.0
(95.0) 		36.2
(97.2) 		39.3
(102.7) 		40.3
(104.5) 		39.5
(103.1) 		40.4
(104.7)
平均高温 °C（°F） 25.3
(77.5) 		25.2
(77.4) 		25.4
(77.7) 		25.0
(77.0) 		26.0
(78.8) 		28.6
(83.5) 		30.0
(86.0) 		30.3
(86.5) 		30.7
(87.3) 		31.0
(87.8) 		29.8
(85.6) 		27.4
(81.3) 		27.9
(82.2)
平均低温 °C（°F） 18.3
(64.9) 		18.0
(64.4) 		18.5
(65.3) 		19.2
(66.6) 		20.7
(69.3) 		23.5
(74.3) 		25.1
(77.2) 		25.3
(77.5) 		25.2
(77.4) 		25.3
(77.5) 		23.3
(73.9) 		21.0
(69.8) 		22.0
(71.6)
历史最低温 °C（°F） 11.0
(51.8) 		10.7
(51.3) 		10.9
(51.6) 		14.0
(57.2) 		15.4
(59.7) 		17.0
(62.6) 		17.2
(63.0) 		20.0
(68.0) 		20.0
(68.0) 		17.2
(63.0) 		17.0
(62.6) 		12.4
(54.3) 		10.7
(51.3)
平均降雨量 mm（英寸） 1.0
(0.04) 		2.0
(0.08) 		0.3
(0.01) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.1
(0.00) 		14.0
(0.55) 		51.0
(2.01) 		154.0
(6.06) 		133.0
(5.24) 		26.0
(1.02) 		9.2
(0.36) 		1.0
(0.04) 		391.6
(15.41)
平均降雨天数 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.2 0.4 3.0 8.0 15.0 12.0 4.0 1.0 1.0 47.6
平均相對濕度（％） 68 74 77 81 81 80 78 81 83 80 72 68 77
月均日照時數 244.9 245.8 276.0 288.0 291.4 252.0 232.5 223.2 219.0 257.3 249.0 238.7 3,017.8
可照百分比 70 74 74 74 73 65 58 57 60 70 73 69 68
数据来源1：Pogoda.ru.net[4]
数据来源2：Spiegel Online Wetter[5]

友好城市

注释

  1. ^ 达喀尔（Dakar，台湾译達卡）

参見

參考文獻

  1. ^ （法文）Tableau de répartition de la surface totale occupée. [2007-03-08]. （原始内容存档于2009-06-24）. 
  2. ^ （法文） Agence Nationale de la Statistique et de la Démographie, Government of Senegal. "Situation économique et sociale du Sénégal", édition 2005, page 163 (PDF). [2007-03-08]. （原始内容 (PDF)存档于2007-06-15）. 
  3. ^ earth-info.nga.mil 互联网档案馆的存檔，存档日期2012-05-04.
  4. ^ Climate Averages for Dakar. Weather and Climate (Погода и климат). [2016-05-05]. （原始内容存档于2021-02-08） （俄语）. 
  5. ^ Africa, Senegal, Dakar. Spiegel Online Wetter. [2014-02-17]. （原始内容存档于2014-02-01）. 

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