瑞德·拉芬

瑞德·拉芬
Red Ruffing
投手
出生: (1905-05-03)1905年5月3日
 美国伊利諾州格蘭維爾
逝世: 1986年2月17日(1986歲—02—17)(80歲)
 美国俄亥俄州梅菲爾德高地
打擊: 投球:
美國職棒大聯盟首秀
1924年5月31日,代表波士頓紅襪
最終美國職棒大聯盟出场
1947年9月15日,代表芝加哥白襪
美國職棒大聯盟成績
勝敗投數273–225
防禦率3.80
三振1987
球队
生涯成就与獲獎紀錄
美國棒球名人堂成员
★ ★ ★ 棒球名人堂 ★ ★ ★
入选1967年
得票86.93% (第15年票選)

查爾斯·赫伯特·“瑞德”·拉芬(英語:Charles Herbert "Red" Ruffing,1905年5月3日—1986年2月17日),為美國職棒大聯盟投手。生涯曾效力過紅襪洋基與白襪等隊。

早年

拉芬於1905年5月3日生於伊利諾州格蘭維爾,他的父母親是移民至美國的德國人[1]拉芬小時候在Coalton和Nokomis這兩個地方長大。而他的父親約翰在Coalton擔任礦工,後來約翰因為職災而停止工作。不過約翰最後成為該區礦業的領頭,甚至還當上Coalton的區長。[1]

拉芬在13歲時開始在礦場工作,他的表哥後來也在那邊工作,不過後來卻因為意外去世。[1]除了在礦場工作,拉芬還有參加棒球隊。[1][2]並開始參加半職業的比賽。[3][4]

15歲時,拉芬在工作場域發生意外,造成他左腳斷了四根腳趾。[1][2]原本他打算就此放棄棒球,[2]不過他當時遇到一名棒球名教練Doc Bennett,Bennett建議拉芬棄打從投。最後拉芬成為一名投手。[1]

職業生涯

波士頓紅襪

1924年5月31日,拉芬登上大聯盟。該年他出賽8場比賽,沒有拿下勝投與敗投,防禦率6.65。[5]1925年球季,拉芬拿下9勝18敗,防禦率5.01,紅襪的戰績也在美聯敬陪末座。[6]1926年,他拿下6勝15敗,防禦率4.39。[7]1927年,他拿下5勝13敗,防禦率4.66。[8]1928年,拉分單季達成25次完投。儘管防禦率低至3.89,不過他卻僅拿下10勝25敗。[1][9]這一年拉芬的打擊率也有3成14,加上小時候腳受傷的關係,於是紅襪曾一度考慮讓他改守外野。[1][2]

1929年球季,紅襪選擇讓拉芬擔任開幕戰先發。[10]該年他拿下9勝22敗,連續2年成為聯盟敗投王,防禦率也高達4.86。[11][12]後來球隊裡的人甚至叫拉芬喝啤酒增重,他也因此從原本的84公斤上升至110公斤。[2]

1930年球季,由於紅襪老闆經營球隊不順。為了避免球隊破產而將拉芬交易至洋基隊,換來洋基替補外野手Cedric Durst。[1]總計拉芬在紅襪隊的成績是慘不忍睹的39勝93敗,防禦率高達5.97。[2][3][1]

紐約洋基

1930年–1938年

1929年,當時洋基總教練米勒·哈金斯就打算要延攬拉芬,不過他在1929年後就沒有繼續擔任總教練。1930年,接任的總教練鮑伯·蕭基也有注意到拉芬的潛力,因此他想盡辦法說服老闆將拉芬交易到洋基。[13]在加入洋基之後,曾擔任投手的Shawkey也幫拉芬改變投球姿勢。[1][13]這筆交易也被認為是大聯盟最糟的交易,[14]因為Durst在1930年寫下生涯最糟成績。[15]結果原本在紅襪隊吞下0勝3敗的拉芬,居然在洋基豪奪15勝。[3][13]

1931年,拉芬成為洋基開幕戰先發。[16]該年他拿下16勝14敗,防禦4.41。[17]1932年8月13日,拉芬不僅投出10局的完封勝,而且還在延長賽擊出致勝全壘打。[18]他也成為史上第一位至少投出10次三振以上,並打回全隊唯一一分打點的投手。[19]這一年他拿下18勝,防禦率3.09,190次三振也拿下三振王。[1][20]該年洋基順利闖進世界大賽,拉芬也在第一場比賽拿下勝投。[21][22]

1933年,拉芬表現稍微下滑,僅拿下9勝14敗,防禦率3.91。該年洋基只拿下美聯第二名。[23]1934年6月10日,拉芬差點投出無安打比賽。[24]他在兩個禮拜之後被選入明星賽,當時他拿下9勝3敗。[25]後來他在1934年球季拿下19勝11敗,防禦率3.93,不過洋基還是只有拿下美聯第二。[26]1935年,拉芬投出16勝11敗,防禦率3.12。[27][28]

1936年球季,拉芬拿下20勝,[3]防禦率為3.85。[29]這一年洋基順利闖進世界大賽,不過拉芬在第一場先發輸球。[30]而洋基最後4勝2敗贏得世界大賽冠軍。[31]1937年球季,因為拉芬與球隊發生薪資糾紛,導致拉芬沒有參與春訓。他一路缺席到5月才與洋基簽約,[32]不過這年他還是在洋基拿下20勝7敗,防禦率2.98。[33][34]這一年他在美聯MVP票選中排名第8。[35]而他也在世界大賽第二場先發,並拿下勝利。[36]

1938年球季,球隊宣布讓拉芬擔任開幕戰先發。[37]該年他第二度入選明星賽,[38][39]並以21勝拿下勝投王。單季3次完封勝,防禦率3.31在美聯都是相當不錯的成績。[3][40][41]這年的世界大賽,拉芬拿下2勝。[21][42]而他也在MVP票選中排名第4。[43]

1939年–1946年

1939年,拉芬再度成為開幕戰先發。[44]這一年拉芬也成為明星賽先發投手。[45]這年拉芬雖然因傷缺陣幾週,不過他在世界大賽第一場順利回歸,而且還拿下勝投。最後洋基4連勝橫掃紅人。[46]該年他拿下21勝7敗,防禦率2.93,還有4次完封勝。[47][48]他也在MVP票選中排名第5。[49]

1940年,拉芬再次成為開幕戰先發與入選明星賽。[50].[51][52]1940年與1941年,他分別投出15勝12敗與15勝6敗。[53]1941年世界大賽,拉芬也拿下第一場勝利,[54]最後洋基4勝1敗拿下冠軍。[55]

1942年,拉芬投出14勝7敗,也入選職業生涯最後一場明星賽。[56][57]儘管該年隊友Tiny Bonham投出21勝5敗的超優質成績,不過球隊依舊選擇拉芬做為世界大賽首場先發。[58][59]他也創下了6次在世界大賽第一場先發的紀錄,直到1963年才被被懷堤·福特超越。[60]拉芬雖然贏得了第一場,不過卻輸掉了第五場,最終洋基1勝4敗無緣奪冠。[21][61]

1942年球季結束後,二戰爆發,拉芬也因此加入美軍。不過由於當時他已37歲,加上腳上有舊傷,所以美軍只讓拉芬擔任後勤。[1][62]而他在軍中依舊與其他棒球員持續打棒球,他甚至還在小比賽中投出完全比賽。[63]

1945年6月,40歲的拉芬退伍,[64][65]並在該月重返洋基。[66]不過他後來因為被一顆強襲球擊中膝蓋骨造成球季提前結束,該年他投出5勝1敗,防禦率1.77。[1]

總計他在洋基隊拿下231勝,成為洋基隊史最多勝投手。後來此紀錄被懷堤·福特追過,[67]不過他仍是洋基隊史最多勝的右投。[68]

芝加哥白襪

1946年球季結束後,因為拉芬膝傷復發,所以洋基隊將他釋出。後來他在隔年與白襪隊簽約。[69]1947年5月,拉芬因為自打球擊中膝蓋進入傷兵名單。[70]他一直休息到7月才重返球場。[71]該年他僅出賽9場比賽,拿下3勝5敗,防禦率6.11。[72]最後他在球季結束後退休。[3]

生涯成績

年度 球隊 勝場 敗場 防禦率 場次 先發 完投 完封 中繼 救援 局數 被安打 被全壘打 四壞 奪三振 WHIP
1924 紅襪 0 0 6.65 8 2 0 0 0 0 23.0 29 0 9 10 1.652
1925 紅襪 9 18 5.01 37 27 13 3 0 1 217.1 253 10 75 64 1.509
1926 紅襪 6 15 4.39 37 22 6 0 0 2 166.0 169 4 68 58 1.428
1927 紅襪 5 13 4.66 26 18 10 0 0 2 158.1 160 7 87 77 1.560
1928 紅襪 10 25 3.89 42 34 25 1 0 2 289.1 303 8 96 118 1.379
1929 紅襪 9 22 4.86 35 32 18 1 0 2 244.1 280 17 118 109 1.629
1930 紅襪 0 3 6.38 4 3 1 0 0 0 24.0 32 1 6 14 1.583
洋基 15 5 4.14 34 25 12 2 0 1 197.2 200 10 62 117 1.325
合計 15 8 4.38 38 28 13 2 0 1 221.2 232 11 68 131 1.353
1931 洋基 16 14 4.41 37 30 19 1 0 2 237.0 240 11 87 132 1.380
1932 洋基 18 7 3.09 35 29 22 3 0 2 259.0 219 16 115 190 1.290
1933 洋基 9 14 3.91 35 28 18 0 0 3 235.0 230 7 93 122 1.374
1934 洋基 19 11 3.93 36 31 19 5 0 1 256.1 232 18 104 149 1.311
1935 洋基 16 11 3.12 30 29 19 5 0 1 222.0 201 17 76 81 1.248
1936 洋基 20 12 3.85 33 33 25 3 0 0 271.0 274 22 90 102 1.343
1937 洋基 20 7 2.98 31 31 22 4 0 0 256.1 242 17 68 131 1.209
1938 洋基 21 7 3.31 31 31 22 3 0 0 247.1 246 16 82 127 1.326
1939 洋基 21 7 2.93 28 28 22 5 0 0 233.1 211 15 75 95 1.226
1940 洋基 15 12 3.38 30 30 20 3 0 0 226.0 218 24 76 97 1.301
1941 洋基 15 6 3.54 23 23 13 2 0 0 185.2 177 13 54 60 1.244
1942 洋基 14 7 3.21 24 24 16 4 0 0 193.2 183 10 41 80 1.157
1945 洋基 7 3 2.89 11 11 8 0 1 0 87.1 85 2 20 24 1.202
1946 洋基 5 1 1.77 8 8 4 2 0 0 61.0 13 2 23 19 0.984
1947 白襪 3 5 6.11 9 9 1 0 0 0 53.0 39 7 16 11 1.491
22年 273 225 3.80 624 538 335 45 0 18 4344.0 4284 254 1541 1987 1.341

個人生活

拉芬於1934年結婚,並與妻子定居在加州長灘。[2]1950年代,拉芬因為在印地安人隊工作,於是全家搬到克里夫蘭居住。他們也在那裡生了一個兒子叫做小查爾斯。[1]

1974年,拉芬因為中風導致身體左半邊癱瘓。他也因此以輪椅代步。[1][73]後來拉芬又二度中風,而且也罹患了腎與心臟方面的疾病。之後他因為感染皮膚癌而切除部分耳朵。1986年2月17日,拉芬因為心臟衰竭去世,享壽80歲。[1][74]

榮譽

退休後拉芬在名人堂票選並不順利。直到1962年,印地安人球星鮑伯·費勒星期六晚郵報刊登一篇文章向大聯盟請命,他認為拉芬、薩奇·佩吉路克·艾普林都該入選名人堂。[1]最後拉芬在1967年入選名人堂。[75][76]

2004年7月10日,洋基隊在Old-Timers' Day上將拉芬的紀念牌匾放置在洋基球場後方的紀念牆上,以紀念這名強投對於早期洋基的貢獻。[68]ESPN網站甚至將拉芬評價為洋基隊史球星第9名。[77]

相關條目

參考資料

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  56. ^ 1942 New York Yankees. Baseball Library. [September 20, 2008]. (原始内容存档于August 30, 2008). 
  57. ^ July 6, 1942 All-Star Game Play-By-Play and Box Score. Baseball-Reference.com. [September 7, 2013]. (原始内容存档于2016-10-21). 
  58. ^ McCarthy's Mound Choice Justified By Red Ruffing. The Palm Beach Post. Associated Press. October 1, 1942: 9 [September 8, 2013]. [失效連結]
  59. ^ Red Ruffing Named To Pitch First Game of World Series. The Daily Times (Beaver and Rochester, Pennsylvania). September 30, 1942: 1 [September 8, 2013]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-24). 
  60. ^ Whitey Ford to Break Own Records in Series Opener. The Telegraph (Nashua, New Hampshire). Associated Press. September 28, 1963: 8 [September 8, 2013]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-24). 
  61. ^ 1942 World Series – St. Louis Cardinals over New York Yankees (4–1). Baseball-Reference.com. [September 6, 2013]. (原始内容存档于2008-06-22). 
  62. ^ Yankees Lose Red Ruffing, Army Inducts Star Hurler: Loss of Four Toes in Youth Prevents Classification in I-A. Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Associated Press. December 30, 1942: 17 [September 8, 2013]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-25). 
  63. ^ Red Ruffing Hurls No-Hit, No-Run Game. The Daily Times. United Press International. July 23, 1943: 9 [September 8, 2013]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-25). 
  64. ^ Red Ruffing Gets Army Discharge. The Milwaukee Journal. Associated Press. June 5, 1945: 1 [September 8, 2013]. [失效連結]
  65. ^ Red Ruffing Works Out With Yanks—Not Signed. The Milwaukee Journal. Associated Press. June 9, 1945: 2 [September 8, 2013]. [失效連結]
  66. ^ Red Ruffing Rejoins Yankees For Western Trip; Gets $20,000. St. Petersburg Times. Associated Press. June 24, 1945: 19 [September 8, 2013]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-24). 
  67. ^ Whitey Ford Nips Chisox. Ocala Star-Banner. Associated Press. September 12, 1965: 21 [September 8, 2013]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-25). 
  68. ^ 68.0 68.1 Moses, David. Ruffing finally gets his plaque. MLB.com. July 10, 2004 [August 28, 2010]. (原始内容存档于April 3, 2012). 
  69. ^ White Sox Sign Red Ruffing; Send Platt to Toledo Club. Chicago Daily Tribune: 39. December 6, 1946 [September 7, 2013]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-07).  参数|newspaper=与模板{{cite web}}不匹配(建议改用{{cite news}}|website=) (帮助)需付费查阅
  70. ^ 'Red' Ruffing Dropped From List Of Active Players By White Sox. The Hartford Courant: 19. May 9, 1947 [September 7, 2013]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-04).  参数|newspaper=与模板{{cite web}}不匹配(建议改用{{cite news}}|website=) (帮助)需付费查阅
  71. ^ Red Ruffing Rejoins Chisox Active List. Christian Science Monitor. Associated Press: 14. July 12, 1947 [September 7, 2013]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-04).  参数|newspaper=与模板{{cite web}}不匹配(建议改用{{cite news}}|website=) (帮助)需付费查阅
  72. ^ 1947 Chicago White Sox Batting, Pitching, & Fielding Statistics. Baseball-Reference.com. [September 7, 2013]. (原始内容存档于2021-03-08). 
  73. ^ Red Ruffing still a giant at heart despite confinement to wheel chair. The Telegraph-Herald (Dubuque, Iowa). United Press International. August 8, 1977: 9 [September 8, 2013]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-25). 
  74. ^ Former Yankees Great Ruffing Dead at 80. San Jose Mercury News. February 20, 1986: 2G [September 8, 2013]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-24). 需付费查阅
  75. ^ Hall of Fame Rejects Red Ruffing, Medwick. Eugene Register-Guard. Associated Press. January 26, 1967: 1C [September 6, 2013]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-25). 
  76. ^ Daley, Arthur. Recovering a Hall of Fame Fumble. St. Petersburg Times (St. Petersburg, Florida). February 17, 1967: 2-C [August 7, 2012]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-25). 
  77. ^ 9. Red Ruffing – ESPN NY – 50 Greatest Yankees – ESPN. ESPN.com. July 18, 1999 [September 7, 2013]. (原始内容存档于2016-07-13). 

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