千頃堂書目

千頃堂書目》,凡三十二卷,明末清初黄虞稷撰。

黃虞稷生於崇禎二年(1629年),自幼受父親黃居中影響,嗜書成癖,节衣缩食,多用在购书抄书上,千頃堂(千顷斋)即其室名。黃虞稷及其父两世相传,聚书六萬余卷。钱谦益因辑《列朝诗集》,曾在千顷斋借阅明代诗文集,得见前所未见之书,可想其藏书的丰富。[1]《千顷堂书目》收录的著述宏富,幾無所不收。[2]康熙十八年(1684年),黃虞稷由左都御史徐元文荐入明史馆,分纂《明史艺文志》,详考有明一代典章,而《千顷堂书目》可謂《明史艺文志》之初稿,所辑之书达一万二千余种,比之王鸿绪版《明史艺文志》仅收入四千六百三十三种,从数量来说,多出二倍。如錢宰临安集》一書,《四庫全書總目提要》云:“其集《明史艺文志》、焦竑《国史经籍志》俱未著录,则在明代行世已稀,今从《永乐大典》中采掇编排”。而《千顷堂书目》十七卷却列有临安十卷,此四庫館臣不察之失。

《千顷堂书目》按经、史、子、集四部分类。並设二级类目,卷一至卷三为“经部”,下分:〈易〉、〈书〉、〈诗〉、〈三礼〉、〈礼乐〉、〈春秋〉、〈孝经〉、〈论语〉、〈孟子〉、〈经解〉、〈四书〉、〈小学〉(附算学)等十二类。卷四至卷十为“史部”,下分:〈国史〉、〈正史〉、〈通史〉、〈编年〉、〈别史〉、〈霸史〉、〈史学〉、〈史钞〉、〈地理〉、〈职官〉、〈典故〉、〈时令〉、〈食货〉、〈仪注〉、〈政刑〉、〈传记〉、〈谱系〉、〈簿录〉十八类。卷十一至卷十六为“子部”,下分:〈儒〉、〈杂〉、〈农〉、〈小说〉、〈兵〉、〈天文〉、〈历数〉、〈五行〉、〈医〉、〈艺术〉、〈类书〉、〈释〉、〈道〉十三卷。卷十七至卷三十二为“集部”,下分:〈别集〉、〈制诰〉、〈表奏〉、〈骚赋〉、〈总集〉、〈文史〉、〈制举〉、〈词曲〉八类,总计五十一类。黄虞稷善于藏书,又能读书,精於考訂,《書目》叙录详瞻,於作者、书名下附录字号、籍贯、官籍、谥号,以略論其作者生平。《四库全书总目提要·千顷堂书目》中说:“考明一代著作者,终是以是书为可据。”

现今流传的《千顷堂书目》的刻本,是吴兴张钧衡刻的《适园丛书》本。南京图书馆藏有八千卷楼藏旧抄本,共十四册,另一抄本是高鴻裁辨蟫居抄本,三十二卷,二十四册。

注釋

  1. ^ 钱谦益《黄氏千顷斋藏书记》说:“戊子(1648年)之秋,余颂系金陵,方有采诗之役,从人借书。林古度曰:晋江黄明立先生之仲子,守其父书甚富,贤而有文,盍假诸?余于是从仲子借书,得尽阅本朝诗文之未见者。于是叹仲子之贤,而幸明立有后也,仲子来告我曰,虞稷之先人少好读书,老而弥笃,自为举子,以迄学宫脩脯所入,衣食所余,未尝不以市书也。寝室坐卧,晏居行役,未尝一息废书也。丧乱之后,闭关读《易》,笺注数改,丹青杂然。易篑之前,手未尝释卷帙也。藏书千顷斋中约六万余卷,余小子,裒聚而附益之,又不下数千卷。”
  2. ^ 朱绪曾《开有益斋读书志·千顷堂书目条》中说:“余好搜寻乡梓文献,此书载金陵人著作最详。然此书所载,余所获见者不及十之四五,余所见而此书未载者亦十之二三。甚哉,载籍之浩博难穷也。”

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