共和县

共和县
གསེར་ཆེན་ རྫོང་།་
位于二郎剑景区的青海湖,以及曾经的中国“鱼雷发射试验基地”
位于二郎剑景区的青海湖,以及曾经的中国“鱼雷发射试验基地”
共和县在海南藏族自治州和中华人民共和国的位置
共和县在海南藏族自治州和中华人民共和国的位置
坐标:36°17′00″N 100°37′08″E / 36.28341°N 100.61884°E / 36.28341; 100.61884
国家 中华人民共和国
隶属行政区青海省海南藏族自治州
政府駐地恰卜恰镇
面积
 • 总计16,626.73 平方公里(6,419.62 平方英里)
人口2020年[1]
 • 常住133,409人
 • 密度8.02人/平方公里(20.8人/平方英里)
 • 城镇67,463人
时区北京时间UTC+8
郵政編碼813000
電話區號974
車輛號牌青E
行政区划代码632521
網站www.gonghe.gov.cn

共和县中华人民共和国青海省海南藏族自治州北部的一个,为海南藏族自治州政府驻地,县治为恰卜恰镇。共和县北濒青海湖,东南接贵南县黄河龙羊峡水库为界,面积约1万6050平方公里,是海南州重要的畜牧业基地。全县平均海拔3200米。全县總人口13.34万人[2],其中藏族占50%。

境内有109国道214国道京藏高速、共玉高速经过全境。此外,1994年的成立世界气象组织全球大气观测系统的29个大气本底基准观测站之一的瓦里关大气本底基准观测站亦位于共和县境内[3][4]

词源

此地名称,由藏语音译为“赛乾宗”。其中,“赛乾”为境内高山“隆宝赛乾山”的简称,该山亦位于县治恰卜恰镇以北起屏障作用,因此得名。“共和”这个汉语名称,在民国18年(1929),青海省设县时所用,意即“五族共和”[2]

历史

旧石器时代此地已有人类聚居。梁代大同六年,吐谷浑在今共和县石尕亥乡建立伏俟城,并作为了其首都[5]。民国18年(1929)7月,由青海省西宁县湟源县恰卜恰析置共和县,中华人民共和国成立后,1952年改为共和藏族自治区,1954年复置共和县。1993年沟后水库溃坝325人死。

人口

根據第七次人口普查數據,截至2020年11月1日零時,共和縣常住人口為133409人[6]

地理

共和县位于青海省东北部,北滨青海湖,据省会西宁142公里。北部为日月山带和青海湖盆地,中部为共和盆地,南部是鄂拉山区和黄河谷地,平均海拔3200米。最高点为鄂拉山脉切龙冈,海拔5290米;最低点为黄河谷地龙羊峡口,海拔2460米[7]

共和县可以用草场面积为1876万亩,耕地面积为45.6万亩[5],天然草场面积5000万亩,是海南州重要的畜牧业基地。共和县地表水资源量为3.603亿立方米,地下水资源量为2.702亿立方米[8]

共和县地热资源也很丰富,分布在黄河周边及恰卜恰河下游[7]

行政区划

共和县下辖7个、4个[9]

恰卜恰镇、​倒淌河镇、​龙羊峡镇、​塘格木镇、​黑马河镇、​石乃亥镇、​江西沟镇、​沙珠玉乡、​铁盖乡、​廿地乡、​切吉乡、​湖东种羊场、​巴卡台农场、​安置农场铁卜加草改站

交通

气候

1981–2010年间共和县的平均气象数据
月份 1月 2月 3月 4月 5月 6月 7月 8月 9月 10月 11月 12月 全年
平均高温 °C(°F) −0.2
(31.6)
3.7
(38.7)
8.8
(47.8)
14.1
(57.4)
17.7
(63.9)
20.3
(68.5)
22.5
(72.5)
22.2
(72.0)
17.8
(64.0)
12.5
(54.5)
6.5
(43.7)
1.1
(34.0)
12.2
(54.1)
日均气温 °C(°F) −9.0
(15.8)
−4.9
(23.2)
0.7
(33.3)
6.4
(43.5)
10.8
(51.4)
13.9
(57.0)
16.0
(60.8)
15.3
(59.5)
11.0
(51.8)
4.8
(40.6)
−2.5
(27.5)
−7.9
(17.8)
4.6
(40.2)
平均低温 °C(°F) −15.7
(3.7)
−11.7
(10.9)
−5.8
(21.6)
−0.3
(31.5)
4.4
(39.9)
8.1
(46.6)
10.3
(50.5)
9.5
(49.1)
5.7
(42.3)
−1.0
(30.2)
−9.0
(15.8)
−14.4
(6.1)
−1.7
(29.0)
平均降水量 mm(英寸) 1.5
(0.06)
1.7
(0.07)
5.7
(0.22)
13.7
(0.54)
41.3
(1.63)
56.5
(2.22)
73.6
(2.90)
68.2
(2.69)
46.0
(1.81)
13.7
(0.54)
1.9
(0.07)
1.1
(0.04)
324.9
(12.79)
平均相對濕度(%) 43 37 37 40 48 56 61 61 64 56 44 44 49
数据来源:中国气象数据网

参考文献

  1. ^ 国务院第七次全国人口普查领导小组办公室. 中国人口普查分县资料—2020. 北京市: 中国统计出版社. 2022-07. ISBN 978-7-5037-9772-9. Wikidata Q130368174 (中文). 
  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 海南州共和县简介. 青海湖网. [2015-06-27]. (原始内容存档于2015-06-29). 
  3. ^ 国家冰川冻土沙漠科学数据中心. 瓦里关大气成分本底观测数据集发布 - National Cryosphere Desert Data Center. www.ncdc.ac.cn. [2021-12-27]. (原始内容存档于2021-12-27) (中文(中国大陆)). 
  4. ^ 瓦里关气象观测员:在青藏高原为地球“量体温” -中华人民共和国科学技术部. www.most.gov.cn. [2021-12-27]. (原始内容存档于2021-12-27). 
  5. ^ 5.0 5.1 青海省共和县概况. 共和县人民政府. [2015-06-27]. [永久失效連結]
  6. ^ 中國: 青海省 (地级行政、县级行政区) - 人口统计,图表和地图. www.citypopulation.de. [2023-10-16]. (原始内容存档于2023-10-25). 
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 共和县情. 共和新闻网. 2014-03-10 [2015-06-27]. (原始内容存档于2019-03-12). 
  8. ^ 优势资源. 共和新闻网. [2015-06-27]. (原始内容存档于2015-06-29). 
  9. ^ 2023年共和县统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码. 中华人民共和国国家统计局. 2023-06-30 (中文(中国大陆)). 

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