is an essential idea in biology. Theodosius Dobzhansky, a well-known evolutionary biologist, said: "Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light...

studies evolutionary biology is known as an evolutionary biologist. Evolutionary biology became an academic subject as a result of the modern evolutionary synthesis...

Evolutionary psychology is a branch of psychology that investigates behavior which has evolved. It is similar in this respect to ethology, which has always...

The modern evolutionary synthesis is about evolution. It explained how the discoveries of Gregor Mendel fit with Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by...

An evolutionary grade is a group of species at the same level of organisation. It refers to a group of animals or plants which are very similar, but which...

Evolutionary developmental biology interprets development in the light of evolution and modern genetics. It is called for short 'evo-devo'. In On the Origin...

Evolutionary suicide is not a standard term in evolutionary biology. It is not used in any standard textbook on evolution. It is the incorrect idea that...

proteins such as haemoglobin. It is sometimes called a gene clock or evolutionary clock. The key assumption behind the technique is that, in the long run...

An evolutionary arms race is when two species (or populations) are so linked that a change in one indirectly causes a change in the other. It is a metaphor...

In computer science, especially in artificial intelligence, evolutionary algorithms (EA) are a kind of algorithm that simulate evolution to optimise something...

Evolutionary linguistics is a sub-discipline of linguistics that explores where human language came from. A central question within evolutionary linguistics...

Evolutionary medicine or Darwinian medicine is a way to think about how and why evolution changed human bodies over time to make people sick or healthy...

(September 10, 1941 – May 20, 2002) was an American paleontologist, evolutionary biologist, taxonomist, and historian of science. He was also one of the...

Doctor Herbert Edgar Wyndham, better known as the High Evolutionary, is a major antagonist from Marvel Comics. He first appeared in The Mighty Thor #133...

Julian Sorell Huxley FRS (22 June 1887 – 14 February 1975) was an English evolutionary biologist, humanist and internationalist. He was born in London, and...

among living things through time. Relationships are usually seen as evolutionary trees (cladograms, phylogenetic trees, phylogenies). Phylogenies have...

and Williams. Monophyly is defined differently in evolutionary biology and cladistics. In evolutionary biology, the term monophyletic refers to a group...

Adaptation is the evolutionary process where an organism becomes better suited to its habitat. This process takes place over many generations. It is one...

January 25, 1900 – December 18, 1975) was a noted geneticist and an evolutionary biologist. Dobzhansky was born in Ukraine (then part of Imperial Russia)...

has information on: Eumetazoa. Borchiellini C. et al. 2001. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 14 (1): 171-179. Peterson, Kevin J. et al. 2005. Tempo & mode...

it is no longer a formal term in taxonomy, it is still useful as an evolutionary grade, a kind of catch-all term. Labyrinth mean a maze and dont means...

German American scientist. He was one of the 20th century's leading evolutionary biologists. He was also a well-known taxonomist, tropical explorer, ornithologist...

descendent might mean: The children of a previous generation A later evolutionary type in the same line. Descendant (astrology), the point directly opposite...

A phylogeny is a proposal of how organisms are related by their evolutionary history.p336 It is based on the evidence that all living things are related...

between two languages with a common ancestor language Genetic algorithm, in computer science, a kind of search technique modeled on evolutionary biology...

Huxley which was published in 1942. It was the book which gave the modern evolutionary synthesis its name. It was one of the most important books on biology...

(Frankfurt am Main, 17 January 1834 – Freiburg, 5 November 1914) was a German evolutionary biologist. Weismann is much admired today. Ernst Mayr thought he was...

The Red Queen is the name of an evolutionary theory of Leigh Van Valen and, later, a book by Matt Ridley. The term is taken from the Red Queen's race in...

Stephen G. B.; López‐Torres, Sergi 2017. The evolutionary radiation of plesiadapiforms. Evolutionary Anthropology: Issues, News, and Reviews. 26 (2):...

Adaptive radiation is rapid evolutionary radiation. It is an increase in the number and diversity of species in each lineage. It produces more new species...

Darwin, first published in 1871. It was Darwin's second great book on evolutionary theory, with the first being his 1859 work, On the Origin of Species...

water, and mammals bear the young live, as do some reptile groups. This evolutionary flexibility is much less common in amphibians. The first amniotes, such...

geneticist. He was a founder of population genetics, and contributed to evolutionary theory. He also did original work in statistics in a field called path...

and this fish was the most successful. Below is a description of their evolutionary family tree. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Elpistostegalia....

paleontology is the study of fossils of living things, and their phylogeny (evolutionary relationships). It depends on basic sciences such as zoology, botany...

pass on its genes to the next generation.p160 It is a central idea in evolutionary theory. Fitness is usually equal to the proportion of the individual's...

anatomical and molecular similarities suggest these two groups are close evolutionary relatives. Together, they form the fowl clade, the Galloanserae. This...

ways of life over.. tens of millions of years". R.L. Carroll. "A large evolutionary pattern... events that result in the origin of a new higher taxon". Dictionary...

Theistic evolution, or evolutionary creationism, is the belief that God, or another higher power, used evolution as a tool to create the different species...

"phylogenetics", a branch or form of cladism. This approach creates an evolutionary Tree of life (biology) and uses characters (traits) to decide on the...

Therians". The Anatomical Record: Advances in Integrative Anatomy and Evolutionary Biology. 290 (7): 875–892. doi:10.1002/ar.20551. PMID 17506058. S2CID 15247940...

identical to the Labyrinthodonts minus the Lepospondyls. It is probably an evolutionary grade, not monophyletic. It is convenient to use, because all these early...

With genome analysis, groups of phyla have been put together based on evolutionary relationships. These are informal, not part of the standard classification...

Triassic origin for Lepidosauria (lizards, snakes, and tuatara)". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 13: 208. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-13-208. PMC 4016551. PMID 24063680...

"Glottolog 4.8 - Dangari". Glottolog. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. doi:10.5281/zenodo.7398962. Archived from the original...

Fisher FRS (17 February 1890 – 29 July 1962) was an English statistician, evolutionary biologist, and geneticist. He was described as "a genius who almost single-handedly...

describing the genetic structure of populations, or theorizing on the evolutionary forces acting on populations. Starting, perhaps, with G. Udny Yule's...

In evolutionary biology, a group of organisms have common descent if they have a common ancestor. There is strong support for the theory that all living...

fermented seafood jeotgal". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 53 (Pt 2): 595–602. Bibcode:2003IJSEM..53..595Y. doi:10...

2000) was an American botanist and geneticist. He was one of the leading evolutionary biologists of the 20th century. Stebbins received his PhD in botany from...

of the earth's surface. These divisions are based on the historic and evolutionary distribution of plants and animals. Ecozones represent large areas of...

mitochondrial phylogeny suggests that they evolved in the late Permian. The evolutionary relationships within the squamates are not yet completely worked out...

in time. This is typical of the ecology of parasitic infections. Both evolutionary rates and speciation rates can be high. Sibling species are very common...

1942 – September 1, 2015) was an American historian of science and of evolutionary biology and population genetics. He was best known for his several different...

scientific field in the 1960s as researchers from molecular biology, evolutionary biology and population genetics sought to understand the structure and...

The second is his neutral theory, the idea that the bulk of molecular evolutionary changes are driven by mutation and random chance, rather than by natural...

Richard Charles Lewontin (March 29, 1929 – July 4, 2021) was an American evolutionary biologist, mathematician, geneticist, and social commentator. From 1973...

evolutionary history of populations. The near-absence of recombination in mitochondrial DNA makes it useful for population genetics and evolutionary biology...

key-innovations and phylogeography of the haplochromine cichlid fishes" (PDF). BMC Evolutionary Biology. 5 (17) 17. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-5-17. PMC 554777. PMID 15723698...

social evils since a blank slate could be conditioned to enjoy slavery. Evolutionary and genetic inequality statements do not have to support right-wing policies...

from their state, being photoshopped, and exaggerated. Biologist and evolutionary theorist Richard Dawkins invented the word meme in 1976. He said that...

to) others through the size of our pupils."--Satoshi Kanazawa, PhD, an evolutionary psychologist, Reader in Management at the London School of Economics...

Christopher Williams (May 12, 1926 – September 8, 2010) was an American evolutionary biologist. Williams was a professor emeritus of biology at the State...

computer scientist and professor. Rechenberg is a pioneer of the fields of evolutionary computation and artificial evolution. In the 1960s and 1970s, he invented...

– 7 March 2000) was an English evolutionary biologist whom Richard Dawkins praised as one of the greatest evolutionary theorists of the 20th century....

Smith, FRS (6 January 1920 – 19 April 2004) was a British theoretical evolutionary biologist and geneticist. Originally an aeronautical engineer during...

reveals a higher order taxonomic diversity and global distribution". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 18 (1): 115. doi:10.1186/s12862-018-1224-z. PMC 6052632. PMID 30021531...

certain higher organisms". Today, biologists would say that certain evolutionary traits can be explained by competition between members of the same species...

ˈpʰɛ̌ːbʊ̂]; born 20 April 1955) is a Swedish geneticist. His works focused on evolutionary genetics. He is one of the founders of paleogenetics. He has worked on...

anatomy of animals, revealed by dissections, gives clues as to their evolutionary relationships. This is also practiced in schools. This short article...

Xiaoming; Tedford, Richard H. (2008). Dogs: their fossil relatives and evolutionary history. Columbia University Press, New York. p. 1. ISBN 978-0-231-13529-0...

Behavior 5 (6): 644–8. [1] Pritchard et al. 2002. Evolutionary adaptations in pitcher plants. International Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 12 (3): 62–81....

psychology". Educational psychology, the study of how people learn. Evolutionary psychology, the study of how evolution has shaped how people think and...

be why there is no word in English for the phylum as a whole. "In an evolutionary sense, mollusks are plastic material". They have much more variety than...

inherited. The usefulness of a particular behaviour is in an “ecology of evolutionary adaptiveness” for ancestral hunter-gatherers. Old world monkeys, who...

association: a history of symbiosis. Oxford. Giovannoni S.J. et al 1988. Evolutionary relationships among cyanobacteria and green chloroplasts. J Bacteriol...

coined by Thomas Henry Huxley in April 1860. He used it to describe evolutionary concepts, including similar ideas such as Malthusianism and Spencerism...

Bernhard Rensch (21 January 1900 – 4 April 1990) was a German evolutionary biologist, and ornithologist who did field work in Indonesia and India. He is...

Sexual conflict is a term in evolutionary biology. It occurs in a species when what benefits the females is different from what benefits the males. The...

been preserved throughout evolution. Öhman A. 2000. Fear and anxiety: Evolutionary, cognitive, and clinical perspectives. In M. Lewis & J.M. Haviland-Jones...

Trivers (/ˈtrɪvərz/; February 19, 1943 – March 12, 2026) was an American evolutionary biologist and sociobiologist. Trivers supported the theories of reciprocal...

development of an organism (its ontogeny) followed the same path as the evolutionary history of its species (its phylogeny). It's also called the biogenetic...

their food—they regurgitate and re-chew it. This is a very important evolutionary advance. Their stomachs are divided into three to four sections. After...

Evolution strategies are ways to solve a problem using evolutionary algorithms. The term was coined by Ingo Rechenberg. This short article about technology...

transitional form are basal, while others are remarkably advanced. Apparently, evolutionary change takes place rapidly in some body parts or systems without simultaneous...

Whewell called the idea 'uniformitarianism'. It formed the basis of early evolutionary theory. Charles Darwin was influenced by Lyell's Principles of Geology...

thought. [1] Vidal, Nicolas, and S. Blair Hedges. 2009. The molecular evolutionary tree of lizards, snakes, and amphisbaenians. Comptes rendus biologies...

Scott & Herron, Jon; 2000. Evolutionary analysis. 2nd ed, Prentice Hall. ISBN 013017291X Friedman, Matt 2008. The evolutionary origin of flatfish asymmetry...

hunger (causation). Hunger and eating are evolutionarily ancient and are found in many species (evolutionary history), and develop early within an organism's...

Southeast Asia reveals evolutionary effects of cultural isolation in the multi-ethnic population of Myanmar". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 14 (1): 17. doi:10...

who used 'J.B.S.' in his printed works), was a British geneticist and evolutionary biologist who emigrated to India towards the end of his life. He was...

Wilson popularized the term "sociobiology" as an attempt to explain the evolutionary mechanics behind behaviours such as altruism, aggression, and nurture...

Antarctica. Beetles went through a massive adaptive radiation early in their evolutionary history. The evolution of flowering plants helped drive the diversification...

Miya M.et al. 2010. Evolutionary history of anglerfishes (Teleostei: Lophiiformes): a mitogenomic perspective. BMC evolutionary biology 10: 58. PMID...

societies, sociobiology is allied to Darwinian anthropology, ethology and evolutionary psychology. Ethology investigates collective animal behaviour, such as...

do not have hooves. Welker, F. (2015). "Ancient proteins resolve the evolutionary history of Darwin's South American ungulates" (PDF). Nature. 522 (7554):...

current Activation energy (Ea), in chemistry Exaannum (Ea), a unit of time Electron affinity Ethyl acetate Evolutionary algorithm, an optimization algorithm...

People who believe in evolutionary psychology think this is wrong. They think human behaviour has deep roots in our evolutionary past. Wilson, Timothy...

population genetics on computers. His work made an impact on how we view evolutionary systems today. This short article about a person or group of people can...

Creole Language Structures Online. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. Archived from the original on January 14, 2018. Retrieved...

French Academy of Sciences. He is remembered for strongly opposing the evolutionary theories of Lamarck and Geoffroy. Cuvier believed there was no evidence...

The Gnetophytes are a group of seed plants with three genera. Their evolutionary relationships are unclear, but it is now clear that they are related to...

This cycle of a predator and prey co-evolving is sometimes called an evolutionary arms race. In this case it results in the newts producing levels of toxin...

subobscura, with others in its species group, is a model organism for evolutionary-biological studies. Its genetics and ecology have been studied for over...

the fitness of one is lowered by the presence of another. According to evolutionary theory, this competition within and between species for resources plays...

4.8 - Shifted Western Romance". Glottolog. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. Archived from the original on 2023-11-27. Retrieved 2023-11-11...

Allen; Spisak, Brian R.; Van Vugt, Mark (2017). "Charisma as signal: An evolutionary perspective on charismatic leadership". The Leadership Quarterly. 28...

archaebacteria, but this is a mistake. The Archaea have an independent evolutionary history and show many differences in their biochemistry from other forms...

biological groupings. The arrangement of taxa reflects the fundamental evolutionary differences in the genomes. There are several modern alternative domain...

The discovery of Acamptonectes had significant implications for the evolutionary history of ichthyosaurs. This short article about biology can be made...

environment. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mutations. Maynard Smith, John 1998. Evolutionary genetics, 2nd ed. Oxford. p53–64 Bioethics Variation...

years. The almost complete skeleton of Eoabelisaurus shows the earliest evolutionary stages of the distinctive abelisaurid modification of the forelimb. Originally...

by Richard Lenski in 1988, have allowed direct observation of major evolutionary shifts in the laboratory. Viruses Phage Lamda Tobacco Mosaic Virus Protists...

Hackett S.J. et al 2008. A phylogenomic study of birds reveals their evolutionary history. Science 320 (5884): 1763–1768. [1] Remsen J.V. et al 2008. A...

Darwinists include Herbert Spencer and Francis Galton. Social Darwinists use evolutionary theory in different ways. Some argued that people who were superior (smarter...

species which feed on them follow them up and down. Migration is an evolutionary force. This is because it is a major source of natural selection. The...

epistemology, the history and theory of biology, evolution theory, evolutionary ethics, evolutionary epistemology and sociobiology. From 1987 till 2004 he was...

Hickman Carole, S (1980). "Gastropod radulae and the sssessment of form in evolutionary paleontology". Paleobiology. 6 (3): 276–294. doi:10.1017/S0094837300006801...

of water on the performance of offspring from different fruit morphs. Evolutionary Ecology Research. 2 (6): 701–718. Greenwood, Paul J; Harvey, Paul H;...

for the order is the Rhynchocephalia. They are an offshoot from the evolutionary line leading to the lizards and snakes. They had many families during...

Evolution of catkins: inflorescence morphology of selected Salicaceae in an evolutionary and developmental context. Frontiers in Plant Science. 6: 1030. [1]...

species live singly, others live in colonies. Their classification and evolutionary relationships are still under discussion. The hydroids may be best understood...

and nourishment for the next generation of wasps. This has led to a co-evolutionary relationship. Fig plants can be monoecious (hermaphrodite) or gynodioecious...

labeled as junk DNA. Pseudogenes contain fascinating biological and evolutionary histories in their sequences. This is due to a pseudogene's shared ancestry...

be arranged alphabetically; equally it might be arranged according to evolutionary relationships. No list will be completely satisfactory. Authorities differ...

Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. Retrieved 2025-03-15. "Glottolog Information - Glottolog 5.1". Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology...

ISBN 0-02-072810-7 Soulé M.E. and B. A. Wilcox. 1980. Conservation biology: an evolutionary-ecological perspective. Sinauer. Sunderland, Massachusetts. Edward O...

advocated defining "Lamarckism" more broadly, in line with Lamarck's overall evolutionary theory. However, as scientist historians such as Michael Ghiselin and...

mankind was a playing out of behaviour which had evolutionary advantage in our past. The field of evolutionary psychology set out to examine the role played...

978-0-674-92182-5. OCLC 21764294 Lieberman, Philip. 2006. Toward an evolutionary biology of language. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Belknap Press of Harvard...

Ancient Greek (to 1453). Glottolog. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. [1] Palmer, Leonard 1996. The Greek Language. Norman, OK:...

search problems. Genetic algorithms are part of the bigger class of evolutionary algorithms. Genetic algorithms imitate natural biological processes,...

lived. Therefore, it is not an ancestor of modern-day birds, but was an evolutionary dead-end. The most bird-like dinosaur ever discovered is the 90-million-year-old...

Soulé, Michael E.; Soulé, Michael E. (1980). Conservation biology: an evolutionary-ecoloogical perspective. Sunderland, Mass: Sinauer Associates. ISBN 0-87893-800-1...

any personal involvement. Charity Empathy Pity Sympathy Compassion: An Evolutionary Analysis and Empirical Review What is compassion and how can we measure...

worldwide correlation of lactase persistence phenotype and genotypes. BMC Evolutionary Biology. 10(1). p36. Swaminathan, N. 2007. Not milk? Neolithic Europeans...

the ancestors of mammals. So each of the two synapsid groups represent evolutionary grades: the pelycosaurs have given rise to the therapsids, who in their...

present] the neutral theory of molecular evolution; Population genetics, Evolutionary biology; died in 1994 Ken Mogi Masatake Mori Yoichiro Nambu Ei-ichi Negishi...

same species. Edouard van Beneden (1809–1894) introduced the term into evolutionary biology and ecology in the 1870s. Examples: Mycorrhiza: relationship...

many tribes for decoration. Prum, Richard O. & Brush A.H. 2002. The evolutionary origin and diversification of feathers. The Quarterly Review of Biology...

because they use the same type of chlorophyll as green plants do. An evolutionary relationship between green algae and green plants is assumed. Red algae:...

fishes alive today". Their closest living relatives are sharks, though in evolutionary terms they branched off from sharks nearly 400 million years ago and...

forms did survive. The evolution of flatfish falls squarely within the evolutionary synthesis. Amphistium is a 50-million-year-old fossil fish which has...

and chordates. The Coleoidae do not have a true endoskeleton in the evolutionary sense; here, a mollusc exoskeleton developed into several sorts of internal...

(2007-05-27). "Annelid phylogeny and the status of Sipuncula and Echiura". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 7. BioMed Central: 57. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-7-57. PMC 1855331...

etymology of names Saurischia and Ornithischia does not reflect the evolutionary relationships of these groups. Ornithischians were called 'bird-hipped'...

but it does make sense of the animal's most extraordinary feature. In evolutionary terms, Dimetrodon was a synapsid (Primitive mammal), a line of land animals...

has shown that several of the higher-level groupings of teleosts are evolutionary grades rather than clades. Examples of demonstrably paraphyletic groups...

This is the question of nature vs nurture, and the subject-matter of evolutionary psychology. Ethology and sociobiology has also looked at these issues...

extinction at the end of the Cretaceous. Szalay, Frederick S. (2006). Evolutionary history of the marsupials and an analysis of osteological ... Cambridge...

breastfeeding, and the baby tries to force the mother to continue. Some evolutionary scientists think mammal mothers need to wean their babies as soon as...

[1] Hartwig, Walter C., ed. 2002. The Primate fossil record. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology. 33. ISBN 978-0-521-66315-1...

(basal) form of locomotion was bipedal. However, from early in their evolutionary history, they were capable of both bipedal and quadrupedal locomotion...

Tetrapoda (four-legged vertebrates; 18,000+ species) Note: Lines show likely evolutionary relationships. Extinct groups are marked with a "†". Extinct animals...

J. Vaun 2006. Species concepts and speciation. Microbial ecology: an evolutionary approach. Academic Press, p. 36. ISBN 978-0-12-369491-1 [2] Van Dyke...

cost-benefit analysis of aggressive behavior in animals and humans. Evolutionary Psychology 11 (3) [1] This short article can be made longer. You can...

halophiles. They need high salt concentrations to grow. They are a distinct evolutionary branch of the Archaea, and are extremophiles. The term halobacteria is...

ecology, behavior, and evolutionary history of early snakes using genomics, phenomics, and the fossil record". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 15 (1) 87. Bibcode:2015BMCEE...

gradient of traits and genetics. The term was coined by the English evolutionary biologist Julian Huxley in 1938. He defined a cline as a species whose...

marine. Arthur, Wallace 1997. The origin of animal body plans: a study in evolutionary developmental biology. Cambridge. Nielsen, Claus 2001. Animal evolution:...

The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology. 285A (2): 699–736. doi:10.1002/ar.a.20206. PMID 15986487. This...

1990. Major insect radiations. In P.D. Taylor & G.P. Larwood eds. Major evolutionary radiations. Oxford. Zimmerman E.C. 1948. Insects of Hawaii. vol II, Univ...

unique foot claw has caused a great deal of discussion regarding the evolutionary lineage of this dinosaur. This short article about biology can be made...

the pattern of rodent diversification: a phylogenetic approach". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 12 (1): 88. Bibcode:2012BMCEE..12...88F. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-12-88...

Susumu; February 1, 1928 – January 13, 2000) was a Japanese geneticist and evolutionary biologist. He went to the United States in 1951 as a visiting scholar...

The names jay and magpie are somewhat interchangeable, and the actual evolutionary relationships are rather complex. For example, the Eurasian magpie seems...

alga with spherical symmetry. Young colonies are inside the larger ones Evolutionary theories of asymmetrization of organisms, brain and body S. Geodakyan...

This cycle of a predator and prey co-evolving is sometimes called an evolutionary arms race. In this case it results in the newts producing levels of toxin...

Titus T.A. & A. Larson 1995. A molecular phylogenetic perspective on the evolutionary radiation of the salamander family Salamandridae. Systematic Biology...

Guardians embark on a mission to protect Rocket (Cooper) from the High Evolutionary (Iwuji). James Gunn said in November 2014 that he had initial ideas for...

chloroplasts of other eukaryotes: Patrick J. Keeling (2004). "Diversity and evolutionary history of plastids and their hosts". American Journal of Botany. 91...

architecture by Alexander Chislenko. Carvalko, Joseph (2012). The techno-human shell-a jump in the evolutionary gap. Sunbury Press. ISBN 978-1620061657....

plant. Pierre-Joseph van Beneden (1809–1894) introduced the term into evolutionary biology and ecology in the 1870s. Amensalism is a symbiotic relationship...

(Hebrew: אמוץ זהבי) (January 1, 1928 – May 12, 2017) was an Israeli evolutionary biologist, a Professor in the Department of Zoology at Tel Aviv University...

Medal is awarded by the Linnean Society of London for "major advances in evolutionary biology". The medals have been awarded every 50 years, beginning in 1908...

German scientists. Fritz Müller (d. 1897), known for Müllerian mimicry; Evolutionary biology Alexander von Humboldt (d. 1859), geographer, botanist Alfred...

antibiotic-resistant bacteria will emerge. This leads to what is known as an evolutionary arms race, or co-evolution, in which bacteria continue to develop strains...

(1906–2000) was an American botanist and geneticist. He was one of the leading evolutionary biologists of the 20th century. Simpson, Michael G. (2011). Plant systematics...

ed. 381-388. Gensel P.G. & Edwards D. (eds). Plants invade the land : evolutionary & environmental perspectives. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN...

saltern crystallizer ponds". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. Archived from the original on 24 July 2008. Retrieved 19...

sciences". UNLV University Libraries. Retrieved July 2, 2020. "Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Resources: Home". Stony Brook University Libraries. Retrieved...

ICS' timescale "Fossils of 3-foot-tall Tyrannosaurus rex relatives are evolutionary stepping stone". CNN Wire. 6 May 2019. Archived from the original on...

Malawimonadida) is a phylum of microorganisms. They occupy a basal position in the evolutionary tree of eukaryotes. Malawimonada is a group of biflagellate, free-living...

words. This helps with reading and writing. Speech is a newcomer in evolutionary terms. Like the large heads of babies, human speech evolved very recently...

biology. It had been used many times before for other purposes. The evolutionary tree shows the relationships among various biological groups. It includes...

helped drive the need for food. The evolutionary/intentionality theory proposes that agriculture is an evolutionary adaptation of plants and humans. Domestication...

irrational number. This is often found in ai which improves through evolutionary processes as the numbers produced with completely random integers as...

Neanderthal genome. The project was announced by the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Germany and 454 Life Sciences in the United States in...

arrangements. These days biological classification is mostly supposed be done according to evolutionary (phylogenetic) relationships, so far as these are known....

marine gastropod Calliostoma. Mallet J. 2001. The speciation revolution. Evolutionary Biology 14, 887. Mallet J. 2005. Speciation in the 21st century (book...

Sunny Y. 1999. Foundations of complex-system theories: in economics, evolutionary biology, and statistical physics. Cambridge University Press. "Christakis...

did the first face transplant. February 3 - Ernst W. Mayr, important evolutionary biologist This short article about science can be made longer. You can...

viruses. Now more than 50 types of protease are known. Each is a separate evolutionary origin of proteolysis. Protease can be divided into 6 types : serine...

the terror birds. In Dyke, G. & Kaiser, G. (eds) Living Dinosaurs: the Evolutionary History of Modern Birds. John Wiley & Sons (Chichester, UK), pp. 187-208...

Stratigraphic position of the sauropod Dystrophaeus viaemalae Cope and its evolutionary implications. In: Morales, Michael (ed) The continental Jurassic. Museum...

Shannon J. et al 2008 (2008). "A phylogenomic study of birds reveals their evolutionary history". Science. 320 (5884): 1763–1768. Bibcode:2008Sci...320.1763H...

1982. Rocket is a raccoon that was biologically modified by the High Evolutionary. He later became friends with the Flora Colossus Groot and member of...

journal}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link) "Ecological and evolutionary forces shaping microbial diversity in the human intestine". Cell (Review)...

0404922101. PMC 516543. PMID 15340153. Ebenhöh O. & Heinrich R. (2001). "Evolutionary optimization of metabolic pathways. Theoretical reconstruction of the...

duplication (1970). Ohno argued that gene duplication is the most important evolutionary force since the emergence of the last universal common ancestor (LUCA)...

21(6): 734–743. Voigt C.A; Kauffman S. & Wang Z.G. 2000 (2001). "Rational evolutionary design: the theory of in vitro protein evolution". Advances in Protein...

Anthropology 56:235-257 Fleagle J.G. 2000. The century of the past: One hundred years in the study of primate evolution. Evolutionary Anthropology 9:87-100....

Whittaker, Robert H. (1969) "New concepts of kingdoms or organisms. Evolutionary relations are better represented by new classifications than by the traditional...

Genetics. 18 (1): 297–319. [1] Ingram C.J. 2009. Lactose digestion and the evolutionary genetics of lactase persistence. Human Genetics. 124 (6): 579–91. [2]...

important topic for psychologists (especially those that study evolutionary psychology), evolutionary biologists and ethologists. The scholars of each field have...

1 in) long. There are about 1,750 species of scorpions worldwide. The evolutionary history of scorpions goes back to the Silurian, 430 million years ago...

isolated from salt lakes In: International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology Volume 61, no. 7, Juli 2011, S. 1720–1724. Link[permanent...

Anna K. et al (eds) 1992. Terrestrial ecosystems through time: the evolutionary paleoecology of terrestrial plants and animals. University of Chicago...

Bouchenak-Khelladi, Yanis; Muasya, A. Muthama; Linder, H. Peter (2014). "A revised evolutionary history of Poales: origins and diversification". Botanical Journal of...

time, accepted by many natural historians. Lamarck's contribution to evolutionary theory was an early, perhaps the first, theory of evolution. In Lamarck's...

chimaeroid fishes. Nature. doi:10.1038/nature20806 Inoue J.G. et al 2010. Evolutionary origin and phylogeny of the modern holocephalans (Chondrichthyes: Chimaeriformes):...

environment was long ago Taphonomy Paleoichnology Stratigraphic paleobiology Evolutionary developmental paleobiology – Studies how animals changed over time Baron...

Juliano (July 2022). "Hybridization may aid evolutionary rescue of an endangered East African passerine". Evolutionary Applications. 15 (7): 1177–1188. Bibcode:2022EvApp...

the genus Jeotgalicoccus In: International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology. 2011, 61, 2029-2034. Euzéby, J. P. "List of Prokaryotic...

be very useful to biologists, because its members may be an important evolutionary grade. Antelopes are a group which is ecologically very important, and...

Wegener's theory of continental drift. He was a major participant in modern evolutionary synthesis theory. George Simpson dispelled the myth that the evolution...

the mineral menezesite is named for him. Fritz Müller - German born evolutionary biologist, known for Müllerian mimicry Luiz Pinguelli Rosa - nuclear...

Hajizadeh; Kazusato Ohshima; Roger A.C. Jones (2020). "The Potyviruses: An Evolutionary Synthesis Is Emerging". Viruses. 12 (2): 132. doi:10.3390/v12020132....

Non-enzymatic reactions have long provided the necessary groundwork for the evolutionary selection of enzymes, given that the occurrence of non-enzymatic reactions...

Charadriiformes also includes marine-going seabirds with webbed feet. The evolutionary relationships of these birds are very complicated. Most waders live in...

mammals, and some species are now critically endangered. Phoenix Group Evolutionary Ecology and Genetics (31 January 2020). "WētāGeta". Massey University...

Pierre-Joseph van Beneden (1809–1894) introduced two important terms into evolutionary biology and ecology: mutualism and commensalism. Hamoir, G (1986). "Edouard...

fermented seafood jeotgal.". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 53 (Pt 2): 595–602. Bibcode:2003IJSEM..53..595Y. doi:10...

or different coloured leaves. These variations come about by natural evolutionary process to which most plants are subject. However, a taxonomist can use...

fly less and often may not away from the area where they grew up. The evolutionary significance of the upperwing eyespots is probably defence against predators...

belong to the Archaeplastida. The archaeplastidans fall into two main evolutionary lines. The red algae are colored with chlorophyll a and phycobiliproteins...

with what people usually call reptiles. (see Sauropsida) Reptilia is an evolutionary grade rather than a clade. The main reason is that the term 'reptile'...

Trappe, James M. (2005). "A.B. Frank and mycorrhizae: the challenge to evolutionary and ecologic theory". Mycorrhiza. 15 (4): 277–281. Bibcode:2005Mycor...

natural selection. It is one of the most important books of the modern evolutionary synthesis. A second, slightly revised edition was published in 1958....

isolated from poultry houses". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 61 (2): 240. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.021675-0. PMID 20207804...

Ruxton G.D. Sherratt T.N. and Speed M.P. 2004. Avoiding attack: the evolutionary ecology of crypsis, warning signals & mimicry. Oxford University Press...

; Yuri, Tamaki (2008). "A phylogenomic study of birds reveals their evolutionary history". Science. 320 (5884): 1763–1768. Bibcode:2008Sci...320.1763H...

Starting with Pokémon Gold and Silver, Jigglypuff has a pre-evolved evolutionary form, Igglybuff. Igglybuff was one of the 100 new Pokémon introduced...

reduced to families in the Lemuriformes. Szalay F.S. & Delson E. 1980. Evolutionary history of the primates. Academic Press. ISBN 978-0126801507 Cartmill...

common descent of these three members of the Paraves. Zhou Z. 2006. Evolutionary radiation of the Jehol Biota: chronological and ecological perspectives...

Blanckenhorn, W. U.; Székely, T. (eds.). Sex, Size, and Gender Roles: Evolutionary Studies of Sexual Size Dimorphis. New York: Oxford University Press....

in evolutionary biology is to understand how differences in DNA sequence between species determine differences in their phenotypes. Evolutionary change...

séances and believed that contact with the dead is a reality include the evolutionary biologist Alfred Russel Wallace, the inventor of telephone Alexander...

isolated from seaside soil". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 60: 4. Euzéby, J. P. "List of Prokaryotic Names with Standing...

; et al. (2008-06-27). "A Phylogenomic Study of Birds Reveals Their Evolutionary History". Science. 320 (5884): 1763–1768. Bibcode:2008Sci...320.1763H...

end of the Jurassic Period, about 150 million years ago. It shows the evolutionary link between non-avian theropod dinosaurs and birds, but it is not the...

Sycophaginae non-pollinating fig wasps (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea). BMC Evolutionary Biology. 11: 178. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-11-178. PMC 3145598. PMID 21696591...

gastropods, with implications for the systematics of Heterobranchia. BMC Evolutionary Biology 10 (1): 323. [1] "Snails as Food - Snail Facts and Information"...

isolated from poultry houses". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 61 (2): 237–241. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.021675-0. PMID 20207804...

Phosphatherium, Numidotherium and Moeritherium. This is one of the most complete evolutionary sequences of early mammalian radiations after the K/T extinction event...

Speciation is about how species form. It is a major part of evolutionary biology. Darwin thought most species came directly from pre-existing species....

text was provided for refs named (see the help page). Gee, Henry 2008. Evolutionary biology: The amphioxus unleashed. Nature 453: 999-1000. Worm-like marine...

an endosymbiont. The relevance of symbiosis is its frequency and its evolutionary significance. There appear to be no higher plants or animals without...

Speech is evolutionarily recent and is unique to humans. Reading is built on speech (presupposes it). If speech itself is an evolutionary novelty, how...

or the Survival of the Fittest", The Origin of Species, bartleby.com "Evolutionary biologists customarily use the metaphor 'survival of the fittest', which...

odds with humanity's natural, fraternal instincts. She also agreed that evolutionary socialism was impossible: only revolution could create real change. However...

possesses anatomical features suggesting a close, possibly transitional evolutionary relationship with true sauropods. Otero A. & Pol D. 2013. Postcranial...

bacterium from human faeces". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 52 (5): 1615–1620. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.02143-0. ISSN 1466-5026...

Timber Press. ISBN 978-0-88192-974-4. William T. Sinclair et al 2002. Evolutionary relationships of the New Caledonian heterotrophic conifer, Parasitaxis...

for events which are critical to our welfare and survival. (p23) Our evolutionary heritage makes a major contribution to the shaping of our emotional responses...

For the use in evolutionary biology, see Orthology (biology) Orthology is the study of the right use of words in language. The word comes from Greek ortho-...

Xiaoming; Tedford, Richard H. (2008). Dogs: Their Fossil Relatives and Evolutionary History. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-13528-3. Miklósi,...

insularity, effectively sequestering its nascent biota within an autarkic evolutionary crucible. This protracted stratigraphic severance facilitated a radical...

isolated from a sea urchin. International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology. 59 (7) S. 1625–1629. doi=10.1099/ijs.0.002451-0 This short...

Cox, C. Barry; Peter D. Moore 1985. Biogeography: an ecological and evolutionary approach. 4th ed, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford. Dinerstein...

cells display viral or tumor antigens to cytotoxic T-cells. A common evolutionary adaptation to this seen in both intracellular microbes and tumours is...

Ruxton G.D; Sherratt T.N. and Speed M.P. 2004. Avoiding attack: the evolutionary ecology of crypsis, warning signals & mimicry. Oxford. p156 10.5.3 Why...

males, at 75mm long and 16mm wide in the thorax. This phasmid is an evolutionary isolate. It is alone in its suborder, and there are few publications...

fungi. In: Coombs, G. H.; Vickerman, K.; Sleigh, M. A.; Warren, A. (ed.) Evolutionary relationships among protozoa. Kluwer, London, pp. 375–407. Leadbeater...

the Pacific Ocean plates to form the Rocky Mountains. On sea and land, evolutionary trends which started in the Upper Triassic continued through the Jurassic...

Benjamin C. Campbell, Causes and Consequences of Human Migration: An Evolutionary Perspective (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012), p. 299 Office...

fermented seafood jeotgal.". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 53 (Pt 2): 595–602. Bibcode:2003IJSEM..53..595Y. doi:10...

Greenwood Press. Fox, Richard; Barnes, Robert D. and Ruppert, Edward E. 2003. Invertebrate zoology: a functional evolutionary approach. ISBN 978-8131501047...

years ago. Because they are famous as so-called "living fossils", the evolutionary record and the genetics of the horsehoe crabs have been studied with...

Indiana University. He was known for research in, and promotion of, evolutionary developmental biology. He was also director of the Indiana Molecular...

features not found in derived cephalopods. In other words, they are a evolutionary grade that is thought to have given rise to both ammonoids and coleoids...

Shannon J.; et al. (2008). "A phylogenomic study of birds reveals their evolutionary history". Science. 320 (5884): 1763–1768. doi:10.1126/science.1157704...

allocasuarina yellows diseases". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 54 (4): 1025–1029. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.02838-0. PMID 15280265...

is also part of the Intellectual dark web. Weinstein, Bret S. (2009). Evolutionary Trade-Offs: Emergent Constraints and Their Adaptive Consequences (PDF)...

rates occurred among ammonoids, conodonts, bryozoa and crinoids. Major evolutionary innovations followed the CPE. The dinosaurs became established (dominant)...

Heubl, Günther; Eduard Linsenmair, K.; Boland, Wilhelm (July 2004). "Evolutionary change from induced to constitutive expression of an indirect plant resistance :...

animals and fungi. In: Coombs GH, Vickerman K, Sleigh MA, Warren A (ed.) Evolutionary relationships among protozoa. Kluwer, London, pp. 375-407, This short...

caterpillar. Botfly Godfray H.C.J. 1994. Parasitoids: behavioral and evolutionary ecology. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-00047-3 Askew R.R...

isolated from a glacier In: International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 2009, Band 59, Nr.6, S. 1387–1390 doi:10.1099/ijs.0.002592-0...

minimum components of population biology needed for an ecologically and evolutionarily realistic theory of coevolution and evolving interactions in general...

ovaries in flowers, only flowering plants produce fruits. Fruits are an evolutionary 'invention' which help seeds get dispersed by animals. The botanical...

biological development, or ontogeny, parallels and summarises its species' evolutionary development. The published artwork of Haeckel includes over 100 detailed...

named in honour of Thomas Henry Huxley, the first to propose a close evolutionary relationship between birds and dinosaurs. A complete individual would...

Sir Gavin Rylands de Beer FRS (1899–1972) was a British evolutionary embryologist. He was Director of the London Natural History Museum, President of the...

is born. Karyotypes may be studied to gather information about past evolutionary events, such as polyploidy. Sex determination Concise Oxford Dictionary...

Semantics has a lot of overlap with the philosophical study of Logic. Evolutionary linguistics explores the origins of language as a whole. Historical linguistics...

zoologist, born in London. Ray Lankester was an invertebrate zoologist and evolutionary biologist. He was Professor of Zoology at University College London and...

Brian K. (2005), "Antlers", Bones and cartilage: developmental and evolutionary skeletal biology, Academic Press, pp. 103–114, ISBN 0-12-31906-06, retrieved...

thus seen as both a theological contest and a trial on whether modern evolutionary biology should be taught in schools. The Tennessee law was not repealed...

370–354 million years ago, which is probably the theatre of their first evolutionary radiation. The earliest seed-producing trees were in the forests of the...

wing. This is an excellent illustration of an important mechanism of evolutionary development; a simple homeotic gene change can result in a radically...

been challenged. Zakryś, B; Milanowski, R; Karnkowska, Anna (2017). "Evolutionary Origin of Euglena". Euglena: Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology...

new order of being with its irreducible laws; and that this process of evolutionary advance is governed by laws of development which reflect basic properties...

et al. (2006). "A higher level MRP supertree of placental mammals". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 6: 93. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-6-93. PMC 1654192. PMID 17101039...

after Drosophila melanogaster. Dobzhansky T. 1970. Genetics of the evolutionary process. Columbia University Press, New York. Dobzhansky T. 1981. Dobzhansky's...

associated with infections in dogs". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 67 (3): 621–626. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.001673. PMID 27902286...

evolution in the Middle Pleistocene: the role of Homo heidelbergensis". Evolutionary Anthropology. F. Spoor; et al. (2007). "Implications of new early Homo...

Gastropoda) - revival of the Pteropoda". Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research. 44 (2): 118. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0469.2006.00351.x. Thompson...

isolates from human faeces". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 56 (10): 2437–2441. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.64098-0. ISSN 1466-5026...

evolution which produces a tremendous effect. It is not suggested that the evolutionary processes involved are special although, in some cases they might be...

Gad Saad is a Lebanese-Canadian Jewish evolutionary psychologist and Professor of marketing at John Molson School of Business. Saad writes for Psychology...

more closely within the genus Carcharocles and as part of the Otodontid evolutionary line. Nowadays, the species can be classified in different genera, in...

Kleisner, Karel; Ivell, Richard; Flegr, Jaroslav (March 2010). "The evolutionary history of testicular externalization and the origin of the scrotum"...

radiodontan (stem-group Euarthropoda) Amplectobelua symbrachiata". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 17 (1): 208. Bibcode:2017BMCEE..17..208C. doi:10.1186/s12862-017-1049-1...

Friedman, Matt, et al. "An early fossil remora (Echeneoidea) reveals the evolutionary assembly of the adhesion disc." Proc. R. Soc. B 280.1766 (2013): 20131200...

controversial. The term is not as often used as it was before. The idea of evolutionary psychology is becoming more popular. Biodiversity and conservation. This...

Life Sciences. Wiley. Brigandt I. 2006. Homology and heterochrony: the evolutionary embryologist Gavin Rylands de Beer (1899-1972). Journal of Experimental...

around. Delsuc, Frédéric (1 November 2003). "Army Ants Trapped by Their Evolutionary History". PLOS Biology. 1 (2): e37. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0000037...

Sebastian (2022-05-24). "Friulian". Glottolog. Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. Archived from the original on 2022-07-09. Retrieved 2022-10-07...

W. 1980. Evolutionary biology of parasites. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-08257-X. Chapter 7: Parasite impact on the evolutionary biology of...

“was the largest population on Earth at some point”, according to one evolutionary geneticist. The evidence of the Khoisan's original presence in South...

a child". The term "K-selection" is sometimes used to describe this evolutionary process. The process is all part of a situation where the species benefits...

similar to velvet worms. These fossils, known as lobopodians, were an evolutionary grade that gave rise to arthropods, tardigrades, velvet worms, and the...

isolates from human faeces". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 56 (Pt 10): 2437–2441. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.64098-0. PMID 17012576...

implications for species diversity and historical biogeography". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 14 (1) 143. Bibcode:2014BMCEE..14..143C. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-14-143...

and Howard University. She specializes in plant systematics and plant evolutionary biology of Polygonaceae. This author is usually abbreviated «Jan.M.Burke»...

to the genus Planomicrobium. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology (2001), 51, p. 1511 George M. Garrity; et al. (2009). The...

"The effect of habitat on modern shark diversification". Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 27 (8): 1536–1548. doi:10.1111/jeb.12405. PMID 24890604. S2CID 27980093...

"Monophyletic origin of domestic bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus) and its evolutionary relationship with the extant wild camel (Camelus bactrianus ferus)"....

and both groups of creodonts are not formed from the same teeth. This evolutionary convergence suggests the creodonts are not the ancestors of modern carnivores...

the liver involves reversing some cells to an earlier state.592-601 Evolutionary developmental biology Morphogenesis gives rise to tissues, organs and...

London 1968, with a forword by Desmond Morris. Alcock, John 2005. Animal behavior: an evolutionary approach. 6th ed, Sinauer Associates. ISBN 0878930051...

evolution & inheritance. Harvard. Meiosis, p761–769. Maynard Smith J. 1999. Evolutionary genetics. Oxford. Discussion: p234–240; quote: p241 The evolution of...

; Yuri, Tamaki (2008). "A Phylogenomic Study of Birds Reveals Their Evolutionary History". Science. 320 (1763): 1763–1768. Bibcode:2008Sci...320.1763H...

allow the parasitoid to grow inside the host undetected. Through the evolutionary history of being used by the wasps, these viruses apparently have become...

populations I–XVIII. New York: Columbia University Press. Dobzhansky T. 1970. Genetics of the evolutionary process. New York: Columbia University Press....

stackebrandtii comb. nov. In: International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology. 59, Nr. 12, 2009, S. 2929-2933. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.009191-0...

(Darriwilian) megalograptid from the Winneshiek Lagerstätte of Iowa. BMC Evolutionary Biology 15: 169. [3] https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960982220314226...

target: CITEREFKavka1986 (help)). Other authors have attempted to use evolutionary game theory to explain the emergence of human attitudes about morality...

human membrane proteins can be classified according to function and evolutionary origin. BMC Biology 7: 50. [2] General principles of membrane protein...

University Press. 2nd ed, 1989. Kervella P. et al 2004."The diameter and evolutionary state of Procyon A. Multi-technique modeling using asteroseismic and...

Hamilton (basketball), American basketball player W.D. Hamilton, British evolutionary biologist Emil Hamilton, fictional Superman character "Hamilton name...

transfer not only had biological significance, but was involved in shaping evolutionary history from the beginning of life on Earth. "Increasingly, studies of...

isolated from human faeces". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 52 (2): 423–428. Bibcode:2002IJSEM..52..423T. doi:10...

Waggoner B. & Collins A.G. (2004). "Reductio ad absurdum: testing the evolutionary relationships of Ediacaran and Paleozoic problematic fossils using molecular...

2004. Chapter 4 Transparency and silvering, in Avoiding attack: the evolutionary ecology of crypsis, warning signals & mimicry. Oxford. Ferrari, Mareo...

simultaneous analysis of genomic, morphological, and fossil evidence". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 7 (1): 224. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-7-224. PMC 2248600. PMID 17999766...

and Closely Related Species". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 39 (1): 85–87. doi:10.1099/00207713-39-1-85. ISSN 1466-5034...

and Evolution, 31:256-276. Michaux J. A. Reyes and F. Catzeflis 2001. Evolutionary history of the most speciose mammals: molecular phylogeny of muroid rodents...

Phylogenet. Evol. 6, 391-407. Bowler C. et al. 2008. The Phaeodactylum genome reveals the evolutionary history of diatom genomes. Nature 456: 239–244....

California, Berkeley. 2017. Retrieved 2 May 2017. Trueb, L. (1970b): The evolutionary relationships of casque-headed treefrogs with co-ossified skulls (family...

relatives: diversification of specialized predatory doryline ants". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 14 (1): 2–14. Bibcode:2014BMCEE..14...93B. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-14-93...

PMC 23653. PMID 9342336. Pethica, R. B.; Levitt, M.; Gough, J. (2012). "Evolutionarily consistent families in SCOP: Sequence, structure and function". BMC...

to find relationships among plant species. Flowers are an important evolutionary advance made by flowering plants. Some flowers are dependent upon the...

pairs of wings and a tiny horseshoe crab that supplies a missing link in evolutionary history. George died on November 29, 2018 in Parrsboro at the age of...

population, a process called allopatric speciation. Phylogeny is the evolutionary history of a group of organisms or their genes. It can be shown with...

M. & Williams E.M. 2002. The early radiations of Cetacea (Mammalia): evolutionary pattern and developmental correlations. Annual Review of Ecology and...

(1999). "Fundamental parameters of nearby stars from the comparison with evolutionary calculations: Masses, radii and effective temperatures". Astronomy and...

classification of Protozoa". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 52 (2): 297–354. doi:10.1099/00207713-52-2-297. ISSN 1466-5026...

ISBN 0-8018-8221-4. Berta A. and Sumich J.L. (1999). Marine mammals: evolutionary biology. San Diego, CA: Academic Press. pp. 494 pp. Fay F.H. (1982)....

fictional characters the X-Men. The movie is about mutants who are the next evolutionary step of humanity. These mutants are feared and hated by most of humanity...

space". The blind watchmaker. Penguin books. p. 132. ISBN 0-140-29122-9. [evolutionary] convergences [...] wandering in enormous pillaging armies. This is called...

implications for hypotheses of dinosaur/angiosperm co-evolution. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 22: 446–459. Mateus, Octávio; Maidment, Susannah C.R.; Christiansen...

 765. ISBN 978-0-7637-3905-8. Raven, J. A.; Edwards, D. (2001). "Roots: evolutionary origins and biogeochemical significance". Journal of Experimental Botany...

differentiation, and morphogenesis. Gene regulation may also serve as a basis for evolutionary change: control of the timing, location, and amount of gene expression...

pests. Adrastus Agriotes Ampedus Athous Schneider, M.C.; et al. (2006). "Evolutionary chromosomal differentiation among four species of Conoderus Eschscholtz...

avoid predation, so it is likely that they represent early steps in an evolutionary arms race between predators and increasingly well-defended prey. Nevertheless...

surgeonfish Koi Honeybee Domestic silkmoth Self-domestication refers to an evolutionary process in which aggressive behavior is selected against, which makes...

molecular clock in humans has determined that humans and chimpanzees had an evolutionary split at least a million years later.[source?] One theory suggests that...

in through their mouths. The jaw in the bowfin is a result of their evolutionary need to be able to catch and eat bigger and more nutritious prey. As...

"conserved". It has not changed much over hundreds of millions of years of evolutionary history. Molecular evidence shows that some limited number of hox genes...

Elias, social Darwinism and linguistics. His other interests include evolutionary biology, as well as collecting antique clocks, sundials, ear trumpets...

45 seconds. It has been suggested that the genus Exocoetus is on an evolutionary borderline between flight and gliding. It flaps its enlarged pectoral...

liability to addiction and "gateway hypothesis": theoretical, empirical and evolutionary perspective". Drug Alcohol Depend (Review). 123 Suppl 1 (Suppl 1): S3–17...

authors list (link) Keeling, Patrick J. 2004 (2004). "Diversity and evolutionary history of plastids and their hosts". American Journal of Botany. 91...

evolution. As Darwin found out early on, the most controversial part of the evolutionary thought is its implications for human origins. In some countries, especially...

the Cretaceous world, dominating the North American land. Their major evolutionary advantage was the progressive development of a chewing apparatus that...

South-eastern Asia. Fossil evidence also suggests a difference in the evolutionary development of the people who made the two different tool types across...

37-74. doi:10.1146/annurev.aa.22.090184.000345 Grebel, Eva K. 2004. The evolutionary history of Local Group irregular galaxies. In McWilliam, Andrew & Rauch...

Nannochoristidae. Because of this, scientists have suggested different possible evolutionary trees for these insects. (a) Mecoptera is paraphyletic, containing Siphonaptera:...

phylogeny of the four Pan-American MtDNA haplogroups: Implications for Evolutionary and Disease Studies". PLOS ONE. 3 (3) e1764. Bibcode:2008PLoSO...3.1764A...

billion years Hydrogeology – underground water Palaeontology – fossils; evolutionary histories Petrology – rocks, how they form, where they are from, and...

Prentice Hall. ISBN 978-0-13-509431-0. Brower L.P. 1988. Mimicry and the evolutionary process. Chicago. - This short article can be made longer. You can help...

Dieter Thomas; Jochen Martens; Yue-Hua Sun; Martin Paeckert (2008). "Evolutionary history of treecreeper vocalisations(Aves: Certhia)". Organisms, Diversity...

into several subclasses which have clearly different masses, ages, and evolutionary histories: Classical Cepheids Type II Cepheids Anomalous Cepheids Dwarf...

more closely related to deer than any other even-toed ungulates. Their evolutionary history is not well-known, and they are often described as "not true...

laid the groundwork for our current understanding of the universal, evolutionarily conserved strategies controlling animal development. His key publications...

Ecological genetics, 4th ed. London: Chapman & Hall. Maynard Smith J. 1998. Evolutionary genetics. Oxford. p65 Ford E.B. 1965. Genetic polymorphism, p26, Heterozygous...

(1997) The human aerodigestive tract and gastroesophageal reflux: An evolutionary perspective. Am. J. Med. 103 (Suppl 5A): 3-11 Lipan, M, Reidenberg, J...

history and recent controversies. In Heams, Thomas (ed) Handbook of evolutionary thinking in the sciences. Dordrecht: Springer. pp. 547–586. ISBN 978-94-017-9014-7...

Linnaeus and others had classified man as a primate, but without drawing evolutionary conclusions. It was Lamarck, the first to develop a coherent theory of...

nourishing the embryo until it grows into a hatchling. This was a key evolutionary 'invention', which allowed the amniotes to invade the land. Once the...

(1889–1989), English ornithologist Richard D. Alexander (born 1930), American evolutionary biologist Wilfred Backhouse Alexander (1885–1965), English ornithologist...

Emotions in Man and Animals is Charles Darwin's third major work of evolutionary theory, following On the Origin of Species (1859) and The Descent of...

humans, but split from the modern human lineage and followed a different evolutionary path. The main fossil find was a skeleton believed to be a woman of about...

many awards. His laboratory at Harvard investigates the biological and evolutionary nature of sexual reproduction, genetic recombination, and aging. Many...

Dell'Amore, Christine (November 4, 2013). "Giant Platypus Found, Shakes Up Evolutionary Tree". National Geographic. AFP (2013-11-05). "Extinct 'Godzilla' platypus...

live young. So do some snakes. The cleidoic egg is a good example of an evolutionary innovation which permitted the invasion of a vast range of new habitats...

flowering plants have seeds with small embryos and big endosperms. The evolutionary development of flowering plants tends to show a trend towards plants...

anthropologist and naturalist. His work was important in establishing human evolutionary development in East Africa. He also played a major role in creating organizations...

second ed 1941; 3rd ed 1951. Dobzhansky, Theodosius 1970. Genetics of the evolutionary process. Columbia, New York. Dobzhansky, Theodosius 1981. Dobzhansky's...

(2016-09-12). "Giraffe Stature and Neck Elongation: Vigilance as an Evolutionary Mechanism". Biology. 5 (3): 35. doi:10.3390/biology5030035. ISSN 2079-7737...

should be established in the International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. According to the "IRPCM Phytoplasma/Spiroplasma Working...

about biological evolution, named Bibortoner Path Dhore ("Along the Evolutionary Path", 2007). She is one of the moderators of Mukto-Mona. Bonya has a...

Machine Michaux, Johan; Reyes, Aurelio & Catzeflis, François (2001): Evolutionary history of the most speciose mammals: molecular phylogeny of muroid rodents...

extinctions. The survived, became widespread, and varied during their later evolutionary radiation. The K/T extinctions were so sudden and far-reaching that they...

Cretaceous of Bernissart, Belgium, with an appraisal of ginglymodian evolutionary history". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 18 (6): 513–527. doi:10...

America. The species can be divided into three groups based on their evolutionary relationships: platyfish (or platy), northern swordtails, and southern...

Panama and threatening all amphibians living there. On January 21, 2008, Evolutionarily Distinct and Globally Endangered (EDGE) released a statement to the...

fish common names See: Streelman, J. T., M. E. Alfaro, et al. (2002). "Evolutionary History of The Parrotfishes: Biogeography, Ecomorphology, and Comparative...

(body shape) during evolution. Changes in time of development in an evolutionary series or clade are very common. The trend is known as heterochrony....

P. (2006). "Sociality in theridiid spiders: Repeated origins of an evolutionary dead end". Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 60...

bacterium from infant faeces". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 68 (12): 3741–3746. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.003041. hdl:10138/289230...

Similar behaviour could be switched to pollen collection. This same evolutionary scenario has occurred within the vespoid wasps, where the group known...

types of galago), and more distantly to the lemurs of Madagascar. Their evolutionary history is uncertain: their fossil record is patchy and molecular clock...

Kriegs JO, Churakov G, Jurka J, Brosius J, Schmitz J (April 2007). "Evolutionary history of 7SL RNA-derived SINEs in Supraprimates". Trends in Genetics...

"Conformity: Definitions, Types, and Evolutionary Grounding". Evolutionary Perspectives on Social Psychology. Evolutionary Psychology. pp. 189–202. doi:10...

ed, Blackwell, Oxford. ISBN 1-4051-1117-8 Maynard Smith, John 1998. Evolutionary genetics. 2nd ed, Oxford: Oxford U. Pr. Platt OS, Brambilla DJ, Rosse...

subfields of self-organizing systems, neural networks and adaptive machines, evolutionary programming, biological computation, and bionics for several decades...

camouflage. The main colour turned out later to be ginger. Zhou, Z (2006). "Evolutionary radiation of the Jehol Biota: chronological and ecological perspectives"...

03.021. Rettig, T.; Walsh, Kevin; Consolmagno, Guy (2001). "Implied Evolutionary Differences of the Jovian Irregular Satellites from a BVR Color Survey"...

1988. Mimicry and the evolutionary process. Chicago. Ruxton G.D. Sherratt T.N. and Speed M.P. 2004. Avoiding attack: the evolutionary ecology of crypsis...

in (often young) women from all over the globe. Singh, Devendra. "An Evolutionary Theory of Female Physical Attractiveness" (PDF). Fields of Psychology...

(2010). "Quantification of Oophaga pumilio poison content: a comparison among poison dart frogs". Journal of Evolutionary Biotoxicology. 4 (12): 37–51....

reproduction". In Isa Schön, Koen Martens & Peter van Dijk (ed.). Lost sex: the evolutionary biology of parthenogenesis. Springer. pp. 295–316. doi:10.1007/978-90-481-2770-2_15...

& Lewis. CRC Press Ševčíková, Tereza; et al. (2015). "Updating algal evolutionary relationships through plastid genome sequencing". Scientific Reports...

2371–2376. [2] Wilting A. et al 2010. Geographical variation in and evolutionary history of the Sunda clouded leopard (Neofelis diardi) (Mammalia: Carnivora:...

Howard, Damian (2011-03-08). Being Human in Islam: The Impact of the Evolutionary Worldview. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-82026-7. Guenther, Alan M. (2011)...

Eros and Evolution: a natural philosophy of sex. 1994. Perseus Books. ISBN 0-201-40754-X Maynard Smith, John 1998. Evolutionary genetics, 2nd ed. Oxford....

discrete mutations were compatible with gradual evolution: see the modern evolutionary synthesis. Bateson was the first to suggest the word "genetics" to describe...

and control region of mtDNA". Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research. Media related to Cyprinus carpio at Wikimedia Commons Cyprinus...

research in the Chihuahuan Desert. She holds a Ph.D. in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology from the City University of New York.  Her Ph.D. program was...

diversity of iguanodont taxa, and iguanodonts named after Darwin, Huxley and evolutionary science". Actas de V Jornadas Internacionales sobre Paleontologia de...

Simple English Wiktionary has a definition for: breasts. "Are Women Evolutionary Sex Objects?: Why Women Have Breasts". Archived from the original on...

would be considered promiscuous in certain cultures around the world. In evolutionary terms, sexual suggestiveness is a way to get sexual mates. Therefore...

genetics Evolutionary aesthetics Evolutionary anthropology Evolutionary computation Evolutionary ecology Evolutionary economics Evolutionary epistemology...

Evolution, 31:256-276. Michaux, J., A. Reyes, and F. Catzeflis. 2001. Evolutionary history of the most speciose mammals: molecular phylogeny of muroid rodents...

consul general at Cairo, and overseer in the Levant. He formulated an evolutionary hypothesis to explain the Earth and its contents. Maillet's geological...

forests. Mankind is the result of this shift into the savannas. The evolutionary relationships among land vertebrates is as follows: Tetrapoda (land vertebrates)...

omurai is a newly discovered baleen whale that represents an ancient evolutionary lineage. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 41 (1):40-52. "Balaenoptera...

controversial, in economic, political, social and scientific thought. Many evolutionary biologists read him, especially Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace...

ISBN 1-4020-0026-X. Southwood T.R.E. 1973. The insect-plant relationship – an evolutionary perpective. Symposium Royal Entomological Society London. Rolf G. Beutel...

the order Chlorococcales. Patrick J. Keeling (2004). "Diversity and evolutionary history of plastids and their hosts". American Journal of Botany. 91...

561–574. PubMed Revonsuo A. 2000. The reinterpretation of dreams: an evolutionary hypothesis of the function of dreaming. Behavioral and Brain Sciences...

T. Bilton (May 27, 2020). "Universal metabolic constraints shape the evolutionary ecology of diving in animals". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological...

Christianity, Islamic creationists are concerned that the findings of evolutionary theory might contradict what is written in the Qu'ran. Some Muslims,...

S95–103. doi:10.1309/W8LJ-K377-DHRA-CP0B. PMID 14569805. Bock, J. (2002). Evolutionary Theory and the search for a unified theory of fertility. American Journal...

list (link) Dunlop J.A. & Arango C.P. 2005. Pycnogonid affinities: a review. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research. 43: 8–21. [1]...

pianist (d. 1995) January 6 – John Maynard Smith, British theoretical evolutionary biologist and geneticist (d. 2004) January 9 - Clive Dunn, British actor...

maint: numeric names: authors list (link) Bidartondo M.I. 2005. The evolutionary ecology of myco-heterotrophy. New Phytologist 167: 335–352. doi:10.1111/j...

Eddy MD (December 2017). "The politics of cognition: liberalism and the evolutionary origins of Victorian education". British Journal for the History of Science...

Archived 2019-06-07 at the Wayback Machine Courtillot, Vincent. 1999. Evolutionary catastrophes: the science of mass extinctions. Cambridge, Cambridge University...

Jeremy J Kirchman (2007). "Pair of lice lost or parasites regained: the evolutionary history of anthropoid primate lice". BMC Biology. 5 (1) 7. Bibcode:2007BMCB...

the mineral menezesite is named for him. Fritz Müller - German born evolutionary biologist, known for Müllerian mimicry Luiz Pinguelli Rosa - nuclear...

Animals (or Metazoa) are living creatures with many cells that make up the kingdom Animalia. Animals get their energy from other living things. Usually...

Retrieved 2 August 2018. Edwards, A. W. F (2009). "Statistical Methods for Evolutionary Trees". Genetics. 183 (1): 5–12. doi:10.1534/genetics.109.107847. PMC 2746166...

(link) Dupuy C; Huguet E. & Drezen J.M. 2006 (2006). "Unfolding the evolutionary story of polydnaviruses". Virus Res. 117 (1): 81–89. doi:10.1016/j.virusres...

it is? Or do they only give us an illusion? Lorenz' answer comes from evolutionary biology. Only things that help a species to survive and reproduce are...

Cretaceous of Bernissart, Belgium, with an appraisal of ginglymodian evolutionary history". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 18 (6): 513–527. Bibcode:2020JSPal...

study of human health and how people use medicine around the world. Evolutionary anthropology the study of how human biology and culture has changed from...

Howard, Damian (2011-03-08). Being Human in Islam: The Impact of the Evolutionary Worldview. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-82026-7. "Relevance of Sir Syed...

Emeritus at Dalhousie University in Halifax, Nova Scotia.   Doolittle is an evolutionary and molecular biologist. He is a member of the US National Academy of...

study of plant defences against herbivory is important, not only from an evolutionary viewpoint, but also because these defences can be used in agriculture...

et al. (2006). "A higher level MRP supertree of placental mammals". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 6: 93. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-6-93. PMC 1654192. PMID 17101039...

et al. (2007). "Morphological and molecular evidence for a stepwise evolutionary transition from teeth to baleen in Mysticete whales". Systematic Biology...

Aborigines at Sydney spoke a different language to those from Cooktown. The evolutionary ancestors of marsupials split from placental mammals during the Jurassic...

Juan L.; Shimada, Kenshu; Field, Daniel J.; Smaers, Jeroen B. (2019). "Evolutionary pathways toward gigantism in sharks and rays". Evolution. 73 (3): 588–599...

Ronnie Barker, English comedian Ronald Fisher, British statistician, evolutionary biologist and geneticist Ronaldo de Assis Moreira, Brazilian association...

Wolpert, Lewis (2006). Six impossible things before breakfast, The evolutionary origins of belief. W.W. Norton. ISBN 0-393-06449-2. Wolpert, Lewis (2009)...

learned after they grow. The blank slate premise is opposed by modern evolutionary psychology. Major contributors, scientists to the field of behaviorism...

Ruxton G.D. Sherratt T.N. and Speed M.P. 2004. Avoiding attack: the evolutionary ecology of crypsis, warning signals & mimicry. Oxford University Press...

tackle a range of important problems, like the origin, structure, and evolutionary history of our galaxy. Large numbers of quasars, galaxies, extrasolar...

Evolution, 31:256-276. Michaux, J., A. Reyes, and F. Catzeflis. 2001. Evolutionary history of the most speciose mammals: molecular phylogeny of muroid rodents...

364–368. 3. University of Salford. (2018, February 27). Smallest monkey's evolutionary secret. ScienceDaily. Retrieved October 19, 2021 from www.sciencedaily...

resonating chamber, to produce or receive sound. Swim bladders are evolutionarily closely related (i.e., homologous) to lungs. Traditional wisdom has...

miraculous events in the Bible (including the virgin birth.) They embraced evolutionary concepts, stated that man was good by default and abandoned the doctrine...

its volume is similar to that of the Earth. White dwarfs are the final evolutionary state of all stars whose mass is not high enough to become a neutron...

most often on islands. This process has occurred many times throughout evolutionary history. Examples include dinosaurs, like Europasaurus, and modern animals...

Peter F.; Bellwood, David R.; Van Herwerden, Lynne (2009). "Dating the evolutionary origins of wrasse lineages (Labridae) and the rise of trophic novelty...

Darwin's previous book, On the Origin of Species, had briefly mentioned evolutionary interactions between insects and the plants they fertilised. This new...

variables: stars whose radius expands and contracts as part of their natural evolutionary ageing processes. Eruptive variables: stars who experience eruptions...

isolated from human faeces". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 63 (Pt 10): 3691–3696. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.045823-0. ISSN 1466-5034...

as Blautiaobeum comb. nov". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 65 (Pt_3): 789–793. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.000015. ISSN 1466-5034...

& Williams E.M. (2002). "The early radiations of Cetacea (Mammalia): evolutionary pattern and developmental correlations". Annual Review of Ecology and...

phylogeny—challenges for the 90s. p135–154. In: Taylor J. (ed) Origin and evolutionary radiation of the Mollusca. Oxford University Press, Oxford. Ponder W...

sample of limestone quarry". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 63 (Pt 12): 4546–4551. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.052746-0. ISSN 1466-5034...

cell biologist. In 1898 he used the similarity in embryos to describe evolutionary relationships. By observing spiral cleavage in molluscs, flatworms and...

(2001). "Anatomy and development of the koala, Phascolarctos cinereus: An evolutionary perspective on the superfamily Vombatoidea". Anatomy and Embryology....

During the Oligocene period, the cetotheres started to emerge. From an evolutionary perspective, they share some characteristics of the Balaenopteridae and...

Sons. 26 December 2017. ISBN 9781119164739. Retrieved June 2, 2021. Evolutionary Psychology. Routledge. 22 February 2019. ISBN 9780429590061. Retrieved...

simultaneous analysis of genomic, morphological, and fossil evidence". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 7 (1): 224. [3] This short article about biology can be made...

and Osaka Universities. He was Vea Family Professor of Technology and Evolutionary Economics Centennial at the University of the Philippines, Diliman, from...

T. Bilton (May 27, 2020). "Universal metabolic constraints shape the evolutionary ecology of diving in animals". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological...

found in the eastern Pacific. The subsequent barrier to travel began the evolutionary divergence of species in different locations. The examples of convergent...

origins of human warfare. Scientists from the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology studied chimpanzees in Taï National Park in Côte d’Ivoire...

the soul never dies, but inhabits one body after another during its evolutionary journey guided by karma. Karma (literally: action) is the sum of one's...

Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Muehlenbein, Michael 2010. Human evolutionary biology. Cambridge University Press, 192–213. Schwartz, Jeffrey (1987)...

from. Cox C.B. and Moore P.D. 2010. Biogeography: an ecological and evolutionary approach. 8th ed, Wiley. ISBN 0-470-63794-3 (standard text) Cosmopolitan...

names: authors list (link) Patrick J. Keeling (2004). "Diversity and evolutionary history of plastids and their hosts". American Journal of Botany. 91...

professors included eminent comparative anatomist Georges Cuvier and evolutionary pioneers Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck and Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire...

of 1964. He is a human being who was genetically altered by the High Evolutionary, giving him the ability to move, speak and think at superhuman speed...

prevent their attack. The adaptive immune system is switched on by the evolutionarily older innate immune system. This older system is non-specific, whereas...

The Darwin-Wallace Medal is awarded for very important advances in evolutionary biology. Linnaeus' botanical and zoological collections were bought in...

unscientific, fatalistic, or very hard to test scientifically. Blank state Evolutionary psychology Social psychology Doyle, D. John (Daniel John), 1951- (September...

2020-09-18 at the Wayback Machine Unwin D.M. 2003. "On the phylogeny and evolutionary history of pterosaurs". In Buffetaut E. & Mazin J.-M. (eds) Evolution...

"Life-History Correlates of Placental Structure in Eutherian Evolution". Evolutionary Biology. 38 (3): 287–305. doi:10.1007/s11692-011-9115-x. ISSN 0071-3260...

importance of geographic speciation became one of the core ideas of the evolutionary synthesis. Modern experts such as Ernst Mayr, Jerry Coyne & Allen Orr...

social organization that we inherited from our millions of years of evolutionary history. Our developments beyond it took place within the last few tens...

confident that they can reach an agreement about where acoels fit in evolutionary history". "The results show that the two groups constitute a newly classified...

[1] Wang, Xiaoming; and Tedford, Richard H. 2008. Dogs: their fossil relatives and evolutionary history. New York: Columbia University Press, p15/17....