Coxiella

Como ler uma infocaixa de taxonomiaCoxiella

Classificação científica
Reino: Bacteria
Filo: Proteobacteria
Classe: Gammaproteobacteria
Ordem: Legionellales
Família: Coxiellaceae
Gênero: 'Coxiella

Coxiella é um gênero de gammaproteobacteria, cocobacilar, pleomórfica, Gram-negativa. Seu principal representante é a Coxiella burnetii, causadora da febre Q em humanos e animais domésticos, um patógeno intracelular obrigatório bifásico, que completa o seu ciclo de desenvolvimento dentro dos fagossomas de células fagocitárias (como macrófagos). Geralmente infecta quem trabalha com animais domésticos, especialmente ovinos, caprinos e bovinos. Possui potencial como arma bioterrorista.[1]

Morfologia

O Coxiella gênero é morfologicamente semelhante aos Rickettsias, mas com uma grande variedade de diferenças genéticas e fisiológicas que o tornam mais resistente a fatores ambientais como temperatura elevada, pressão osmótica, luz ultravioleta e também a detergentes e alguns bactericidas orgânicos. Essas características são atribuídas a uma forma variante de pequenas células do organismo que é parte de um ciclo de desenvolvimento bifásica, incluindo uma forma mais metabolicamente activo e replicativamente variante de células grandes.[2]

Patologia

Ver artigo principal: febre Q

A transmissão para humanos ocorre, principalmente, a partir de contato próximo com ovinos, caprinos e bovinos infectados, mas também pode ocorrer a partir de gatos, cachorros, ratos e aves, inclusive animais selvagens. A febre Q é transmitido principalmente através da inalação de aerossóis(poeira) produzida por animais infectados. Carrapatos podem transmitir a doença entre animais. Também pode ser transmitido pela lã, couro e leite não-pasteurizado. [3]

Resistências

Foram relatados cepas resistentes à doxiciclina, tetraciclina, fluoroquinolonas e rifampicina.[4]

Referências

  1. ↑ https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Coxiella
  2. ↑ Voth, D. E. & Heinzen (2007), "Lounging in a lysosome: The intracellular lifestyle of Coxiella burnetii", Cellular Microbiology 9 (4): 1829–840, doi:10.1111/j.1462-5822.2007.00901.x, PMID 17381428
  3. ↑ http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/lab-bio/res/psds-ftss/coxiella-burnetii-eng.php#footnote1
  4. ↑ Angelakis, E., & Raoult, D. (2010). Q Fever. Veterinary Microbiology, 140(3-4), 297-309.

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