Groszek leśny

Groszek leśny
Ilustracja
Systematyka[1][2]
Domena

eukarionty

Królestwo

rośliny

Podkrólestwo

rośliny zielone

Nadgromada

rośliny telomowe

Gromada

rośliny naczyniowe

Podgromada

rośliny nasienne

Nadklasa

okrytonasienne

Klasa

Magnoliopsida

Nadrząd

różopodobne

Rząd

bobowce

Rodzina

bobowate

Podrodzina

bobowate właściwe

Rodzaj

groszek

Gatunek

groszek leśny

Nazwa systematyczna
Lathyrus sylvestris L.
Sp.Pl. 2: 733. 1753
Kategoria zagrożenia (CKGZ)[3]

Systematyka w Wikispecies
Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons

Groszek leśny (Lathyrus sylvestris L.) – gatunek rośliny z rodziny bobowatych. Naturalny obszar występowania obejmuje niemal całą Europę, Maroko w Afryce Północnej oraz Syberię Zachodnią i Kaukaz[4]. W Polsce jest pospolity[5].

Pokrój
Kwiaty
Nasiona

Morfologia

Łodyga
Leżąca, wznosząca się lub pnąca o długości od 100 do 200 cm. Jest niezbyt szeroko oskrzydlona[6].
Liście
Wszystkie liście złożone z jednej tylko pary listków. Listki lancetowate, ostro zakończone, zazwyczaj 3–5 nerwowe. Z osadki liści wyrasta wąs czepny. Ogonki liściowe oskrzydlone, o skrzydełkach zazwyczaj węższych od skrzydełek łodygi. Przylistki wąskolancetowate, o szerokości około 4 razy mniejszej od szerokości łodygi wraz z jej skrzydełkami[6].
Kwiaty
Motylkowe, o długości 13–18 mm (wyjątkowo do 20 mm), zebrane w 3–5 kwiatowe grono[5]. Są różowe z ciemniejszym, prążkowanym i na grzbiecie zielonawym żagielkiem. Łódeczka zielonawa z purpurowym szczytem[6].
Owoce
Przeważnie nagie strąki. Na nasionach znajduje się znaczek otaczający co najmniej połowę ich obwodu[6].

Biologia i ekologia

Bylina, hemikryptofit. Kwitnie od lipca do sierpnia. Rośnie w lasach, zaroślach i na suchych łąkach. W Polsce jest pospolity na całym niżu oraz w niższych położeniach górskich[6]/. Gatunek charakterystyczny dla klasy (Cl.) Trifolio-Geranietea[7]. Liczba chromosomów 2n = 14[5].

Przypisy

  1. ↑ Michael A. Ruggiero i inni, A Higher Level Classification of All Living Organisms, „PLOS One”, 10 (4), 2015, art. nr e0119248, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119248, PMID: 25923521, PMCID: PMC4418965 [dostęp 2020-02-20] (ang.).
  2. ↑ Peter F. Stevens, Fabales, [w:] Angiosperm Phylogeny Website, Missouri Botanical Garden, 2001– [dostęp 2009-09-23] (ang.).
  3. ↑ Lathyrus sylvestris, [w:] The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (ang.).
  4. ↑ Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). [dostęp 2010-02-12].
  5. ↑ a b c Lucjan Rutkowski: Klucz do oznaczania roślin naczyniowych Polski niżowej. Warszawa: Wyd. Naukowe PWN, 2006. ISBN 83-01-14342-8.
  6. ↑ a b c d e Władysław Szafer, Stanisław Kulczyński: Rośliny polskie. Warszawa: PWN, 1953.
  7. ↑ Władysław Matuszkiewicz: Przewodnik do oznaczania zbiorowisk roślinnych. Warszawa. ISBN 83-01-14439-4.

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