USAs føderale rettsvesen

Føderale kretser

USAs føderale rettsvesen er domstolsystemet som er organisert gjennom den føderale grunnloven og andre føderale lover. Systemet består i hovedsak av tre nivåer: distriktrettene, appellrettene og høyesteretten. I tillegg er det føderale rettssystemet delt i en sivil og en militær del. Etter maktfordelingsprinsippet er rettsvesenet totalt uavhengig av den lovgivende makten (Kongressen) og den utøvende makten (Presidenten). Det føderale rettsvesenet ledes av høyesterettsjustitiarius, som er den dømmende maktens administrative overhode. I denne egenskap støttes han av Det administrative kontor for de føderale domstolene (Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts).

Føderale dommere utnevnes på livstid av den amerikanske presidenten med godkjennelse av Senatet.

Kretser og distrikter

Appellkrets Underretter Jurisdiksjon
1ste krets District of Maine Maine
District of Massachusetts Massachusetts
District of New Hampshire New Hampshire
District of Puerto Rico Puerto Rico
District of Rhode Island Rhode Island
2dre krets District of Connecticut Connecticut
District of Vermont Vermont
Northern District of New York Nordre New York
Southern District of New York Søndre New York
Eastern District of New York Østre New York
Western District of New York Vestre New York
3dje krets District of Delaware Delaware
District of New Jersey New Jersey
District of the Virgin Islands De amerikanske Jomfruøyer
Western District of Pennsylvania Vestre Pennsylvania
Middle District of Pennsylvania Midtre Pennsylvania
Eastern District of Pennsylvania Østre Pennsylvania
4de krets District of Maryland Maryland
District of South Carolina Sør-Carolina
Western District of Virginia Vestre Virginia
Eastern District of Virginia Østre Virginia
Northern District of West Virginia Nordre Vest-Virginia
Southern District of West Virginia Søndre West Virginia
Western District of North Carolina Vestre Nord-Carolina
Middle District of North Carolina Midtre North Carolina
Eastern District of North Carolina Østre North Carolina
5te krets Northern District of Mississippi Nordre Mississippi
Southern District of Mississippi Søndre Mississippi
Western District of Louisiana Vestre Louisiana
Middle District of Louisiana Midtre Louisiana
Eastern District of Louisiana Østre Louisiana
Northern District of Texas Nordre Texas
Southern District of Texas Søndre Texas
Eastern District of Texas Østre Texas
Western District of Texas Vestre Texas
6te krets Western District of Kentucky Vestre Kentucky
Eastern District of Kentucky Østre Kentucky
Western District of Michigan Vestre Michigan
Eastern District of Michigan Østre Michigan
Northern District of Ohio Nordre Ohio
Southern District of Ohio Søndre Ohio
Western District of Tennessee Vestre Tennessee
Middle District of Tennessee Midtre Tennessee
Eastern District of Tennessee Østre Tennessee
7de krets Northern District of Illinois Nordre Illinois
Central District of Illinois Sentrale Illinois
Southern District of Illinois Søndre Illinois
Northern District of Indiana Nordre Indiana
Southern District of Indiana Søndre Indiana
Eastern District of Wisconsin Østre Wisconsin
Western District of Wisconsin Vestre Wisconsin
8de krets District of Minnesota Minnesota
District of Nebraska Nebraska
District of North Dakota Nord-Dakota
District of South Dakota Sør-Dakota
Eastern District of Arkansas Østre Arkansas
Western District of Arkansas Vestre Arkansas
Northern District of Iowa Nordre Iowa
Southern District of Iowa Søndre Iowa
Eastern District of Missouri Østre Missouri
Western District of Missouri Vestre Missouri
9de krets District of Alaska Alaska
District of Arizona Arizona
District of Hawaii Hawaii
District of Idaho Idaho
District of Montana Montana
District of Nevada Nevada
District of Oregon Oregon
District of Washington Washington
District of the Northern Mariana Islands Nord-Marianene
District of Guam Guam
Northern District of California Nordre California
Southern District of California Søndre California
Central District of California Sentrale California
Eastern District of California Østre California
10de krets District of Colorado Colorado
District of Kansas Kansas
District of New Mexico New Mexico
District of Utah Utah
District of Wyoming Wyoming
Northern District of Oklahoma Nordre Oklahoma
Eastern District of Oklahoma Østre Oklahoma
Western District of Oklahoma Vestre Oklahoma
11te krets Northern District of Alabama Nordre Alabama
Middle District of Alabama Midtre Alabama
Southern District of Alabama Søndre Alabama
Northern District of Florida Nordre Florida
Middle District of Florida Midtre Florida
Southern District of Florida Søndre Florida
Northern District of Georgia Nordre Georgia
Middle District of Georgia Midtre Georgia
Southern District of Georgia Søndre Georgia
Columbia krets District of Columbia Washington, DC
Militær krets Army Court of Criminal Appeals Krigsretter i Hæren
Navy–Marine Corps Court of Criminal Appeals Krigsretter i Marinen og Marinekorpset
Coast Guard Court of Criminal Appeals Krigsretter i Kystvakten
Air Force Court of Criminal Appeals Krigsretter i Flyvåpenet
Føderal krets Court of Federal Claims Krav mot føderale myndigheter
Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims Understøttelse til krigsveteraner
Trademark Trial and Appeal Board Varemerker
International Trade Commission Internasjonal handel
Court of International Trade Tolltariffer

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