Supergigante gialla

Nell'evoluzione stellare, la fase di supergigante gialla è una fase intermedia tra quella di supergigante blu e quella di supergigante rossa, propria delle stelle con massa compresa tra 9-10 e 30-70 masse solari (il limite massimo dipende dalla metallicità della stella e, in minor parte, dalla sua velocità di rotazione).

Si tratta di una fase di breve durata; per tale motivo si conoscono poche stelle appartenenti a questa categoria. Durante questa fase si registra una progressiva espansione dell'astro, come conseguenza delle mutazioni che occorrono nel nucleo della stella al termine della sua sequenza principale; così, una stella passa da un raggio di alcune decine di milioni di km e una temperatura di una decina di migliaia di K, all'inizio della fase, ad un raggio di alcune unità astronomiche ed una temperatura di circa 3000 K: la stella diviene così una supergigante rossa.

Principali supergiganti gialle

Una delle principali supergiganti gialle è Wezen, δ Canis Majoris; altri esempi, molto noti, di questo tipo stellare sono riportati nella tabella sottostante.

Nome	Nomenclatura di Bayer	Classe spettrale	Luminosità (L_☉)	Distanza (a.l.)
Canopo ^[1]	α Carinae	A9 II^[2]	20.000	310
Alrediph	δ Cephei	F5 Ib	2.000	891
Mirphak	α Persei	F5 Ib	5.400	590
Polaris	α Ursae Minoris	F7 Ib	2.500	325
Wezen	δ Canis Majoris	F8 Iab	50.000	1800
Sadr	γ Cygni	F8 Ib	65.000	1520
Sadalmelik	α Aquarii	G2 Ib	3.000	760
Azmidiske	ξ Puppis	G6 Iab-Ia	8.300	1300
Mebsuta	ε Geminorum	G8 Iab	7.600	900

Note

^ A. Domiciano de Souza, J. Zorec e F. Millour, Refined fundamental parameters of Canopus from combined near-IR interferometry and spectral energy distribution, in Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 654, 2021-10, pp. A19, DOI:10.1051/0004-6361/202140478. URL consultato l'8 marzo 2024.
^ R. O. Gray e R. F. Garrison, The Early F-Type Stars: Refined Classification, Confrontation with Stroemgren Photometry, and the Effects of Rotation, in The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, vol. 69, 1º febbraio 1989, pp. 301, DOI:10.1086/191315. URL consultato l'8 marzo 2024.

Voci correlate

Altri progetti

Wikimedia Commons contiene immagini o altri file su supergigante gialla

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Portale Stelle

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