Incoronazione di spine (Caravaggio)

Incoronazione di spine
AutoreCaravaggio
Data1603
Tecnicaolio su tela
Dimensioni127×165 cm
UbicazioneKunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna

Incoronazione di spine è un dipinto a olio su tela (127x165 cm) realizzato probabilmente nel 1603 circa dal pittore italiano Caravaggio. È conservato nel Kunsthistorisches Museum di Vienna: in passato apparteneva alla raccolta del marchese Vincenzo Giustiniani.

Storia e descrizione

Secondo il biografo di Caravaggio Giovanni Pietro Bellori, una Incoronazione di spine venne eseguita per il protettore di Caravaggio, Vincenzo Giustiniani, e questo dipinto è ricordato nel 1638 nelle collezioni Giustiniani. La sua datazione è controversa: secondo alcuni sarebbe una delle ultime opere di Caravaggio, mentre secondo altri sarebbe più vicino alle commissioni per la Cappella Cerasi, caratterizzato da un luminismo tenue a metà tra quello morbidamente diffuso dell'Incredulità di san Tommaso e quello con più contrasti del Cattura di Cristo di Dublino.

L'impostazione del dipinto sull'attraversamento delle diagonali da parte dei torturatori e sulla raffigurazione dell'episodio in un clima di tacita immobilità che ha perno nell'espressione di accettata rassegnazione di Cristo lasciano ravvisare una simultaneità compositiva con i quadri per la cappella Cerasi. La luce che batte in alto da sinistra introduce le nuove composizioni basate quasi esclusivamente sull'alternanza dei marroni opachi e sui toni terrosi dei colori.

Il tema della sofferenza e del sadismo è sicuramente centrale nell'opera. John Gash sottolinea il fatto che i due torturatori calchino la corona sul capo di Cristo a colpi di bastone, "una procedura ritmica e sadica". Robb menziona che il dipinto sia a proposito "su come ... infliggere il dolore e sentire il dolore, e come siano vicini il dolore e il piacere, quanto potrebbe essere voluttuoso soffrire in un pomeriggio dorato".

Al centro della tela è raffigurata la flagellazione di Cristo per mano di due uomini (sulla destra) che lo seviziano con dei bastoni, i quali servono loro per collocare sulla testa del condannato la corona di spine. Il Cristo, con la fronte al seno, è vestito con un drappo purpureo dal quale intuiamo la sua nudità. La parte sinistra della tela è occupata da un uomo in armatura che osserva la scena senza tuttavia parteciparvi direttamente, e che è curiosamente molto simile, nella postura ed esteticamente, alla figura del Proconsole Egeas della Crocifissione di sant'Andrea.

Bibliografia

  • Wolfgang Prohaska e Robert Wald, Incoronazione di spine (scheda), in Claudio Strinati (a cura di), Caravaggio (Catalogo della Mostra tenuta a Roma nel 2010), Milano, Skira, 2010, pp. 176-183, ISBN 978-88-572-0601-1.

Voci correlate

Altri progetti

  Portale Pittura: accedi alle voci di Wikipedia che trattano di pittura

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