Convolvulaceae

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Convolvulaceae
Convolvulus arvensis
Classificazione APG IV
DominioEukaryota
RegnoPlantae
(clade)Angiosperme
(clade)Mesangiosperme
(clade)Eudicotiledoni
(clade)Eudicotiledoni centrali
(clade)Superasteridi
(clade)Asteridi
(clade)Euasteridi
(clade)Lamiidi
OrdineSolanales
FamigliaConvolvulaceae
Juss., 1789
Classificazione Cronquist
DominioEukaryota
RegnoPlantae
DivisioneMagnoliophyta
ClasseMagnoliopsida
OrdineSolanales
FamigliaConvolvulaceae
Generi

Le Convolvulacee (Convolvulaceae Juss., 1789) sono una famiglia di piante dicotiledoni che raggruppa circa 60 generi e circa 1300 specie.[1]

In Italia sono presenti 6 generi (Cuscuta, Cressa, Dichondra, Calystegia, Convolvulus, Ipomoea).[2]

Descrizione

I fiori sono ermafroditi, attinomorfi, con calice e corolla generalmente pentameri. Gli stami sono inseriti alla base della corolla. L'ovario è supero. Il frutto può essere una capsula, una bacca o una noce, tutti contenenti solo due semi per loggia.

Le foglie sono semplici e alterne, senza stipole. In Cuscuta, una specie parassita, sono ridotte a squame.

Nella flora italiana sono comprese piante erbacee rampicanti

Biologia

L'impollinazione è entomofila, attuata dalle farfalle.

Tassonomia

La famiglia comprende i seguenti generi:[1]

Usi

Le foglie e le radici tuberizzate di alcune specie vengono utilizzate come alimenti (ad esempio patate dolci e spinaci d'acqua) e i semi vengono sfruttati per il loro valore medicinale come purganti. Alcune specie contengono alcaloidi ergotinici che sono probabilmente responsabili dell'uso di queste specie come ingredienti psichedelici (ad es. Ololiuhqui). La presenza di alcaloidi ergotinici in alcune specie di questa famiglia è dovuta all'infezione da funghi legati al genere Claviceps[3].

Molte sono usate a scopo ornamentale e specie diverse vengono commercializzate con la dicitura generica "Bella di giorno"; alcune specie esotiche (come ad esempio Humbertia madagascariensis) sono legnose e sfruttate per il legno.

Note

  1. ^ a b (EN) Convolvulaceae, su Plants of the World Online, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. URL consultato il 22 febbraio 2024.
  2. ^ Pignatti S., Convolvulaceae, in Flora d'Italia Vol. III, Milano, Edagricole, 2017, p. 485-499, ISBN 9788850652440.
  3. ^ (EN) Ulrike Steiner, Mahalia A. Ahimsa-Müller e Anne Markert, Molecular characterization of a seed transmitted clavicipitaceous fungus occurring on dicotyledoneous plants (Convolvulaceae), in Planta, vol. 224, n. 3, 2006-08, pp. 533–544, DOI:10.1007/s00425-006-0241-0. URL consultato il 12 maggio 2020.

Bibliografia

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Controllo di autoritàThesaurus BNCF 33790 · LCCN (ENsh85031753 · GND (DE4189932-5 · BNF (FRcb12260533c (data) · J9U (ENHE987007560233505171
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