Affondamento

Disambiguazione – Se stai cercando l'evento sinistroso causato per fatto accidentale fortuito, doloso o colposo, vedi naufragio.
Autoaffondamento dell'incrociatore francese Marseillaise a Tolone, 27 novembre 1942

Nella terminologia nautica italiana, un affondamento è l'azione bellica volontaria posta in essere per ottenere la sommersione completa di un'imbarcazione[1] o di una nave, sia essa passeggeri (considerato crimine di guerra) o mercantile civile (obiettivo legittimo solo se appartenente a potenza non neutrale), o nave da guerra e/o sottomarino militare.

Gergalmente, nel caso tale azione non riesca a raggiungere lo scopo con la dichiarazione di "perdita totale" e la cancellazione dai registri del naviglio (militare o civile), si parla di «semiaffondamento», mentre per l'azione di sabotaggio intenzionale per evitare la cattura della nave da parte del nemico si parla di «autoaffondamento».

Sono quindi escluse da tale definizione tutte le fattispecie di sinistri marittimi che portino alla perdita della nave (ovvero di innavigabilità assoluta della stessa) causata per fatto accidentale fortuito, doloso o colposo, per le quali si utilizza invece il termine generico di "naufragio"[2] come definito dal codice della navigazione e leggi collegate.

Affondamenti celebri

Manifesto propagandistico della seconda guerra mondiale.

Autoaffondamenti celebri

Note

Bibliografia

Fonti normative internazionali

Fonti normative italiane

Manuali

Saggi storici

Voci correlate

Controllo di autoritàThesaurus BNCF 3655

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