Abraham ibn ‛Ezra

Abrāhām ibn ‛Ezrā, conosciuto anche come Abraham Iudaeus, Abraham Abenare o Abenèzra o Avenare o Avenèzra (in Ebraico אברהם אבן עזרא; Tudela, 1092Calahorra, 1167), è stato un astrologo erudito e poligrafo spagnolo di cultura ebraica.

Libro dell'Esodo con il commento di Abraham ben Ezra, Napoli 1488

Biografia

Vissuto in Spagna, Francia e Italia, fu autore di opere filosofiche d'ispirazione neoplatonica e di commento a una gran parte della Bibbia ebraica, che costituiscono la più importante produzione della scuola esegetica giudeo-spagnola. Scrisse anche opere grammaticali, astronomiche e matematiche, lasciando, inoltre, delle chiare composizioni poetiche. Tra le poesie è facile ritrovare elementi escatologici di natura appunto pre-messianica: si ricorda אשא עיניי che mette in evidenza il primo aspetto della redenzione, ovvero la rivelazione dei cherubini e della gloria divina; oltre a questo Abraham ben 'Ezra narra di visioni semi-oniriche in cui scorge il Kohen Gadol e, benché spesso prevalgano condizioni vissute connaturate alla diaspora ebraica, la speranza per un futuro nell'era messianica è tra i sentimenti religiosi che più caratterizzano la sua poesia. È tra i più notevoli trasmettitori della scienza e del pensiero degli ebrei dei paesi musulmani agli ebrei dell'Europa cristiana.

Il cratere lunare Abenezra è stato così denominato in suo onore.

Opere

  • Yēsōd Mōrā («Fondamento del timor di Dio»)
  • Sēfer hā-Shēm («Libro del nome»)
  • Sēfer hā-Eḥād («Libro dell'Uno»)
  • Sēfer hā-Mispār (Libro del numero)

Bibliografia

  • Lemma «IBN EZRA, ABRAHAM BEN MEÏR (ABEN EZRA) di Richard Gottheil e Wilhelm Bacher su The Jewish Encyclopedia
  • Luba Charlap, "Another view of Rabbi Abraham Ibn-Ezra's contribution to medieval Hebrew grammar". Hebrew Studies 42 (2001), pp. 67–80.
  • Meira Epstein, L'astrologia di Rabbi Avraham Ibn Ezra sui lavori astrologici di Ibn Ezra.
  • Thomas F. Glick; Steven John e Wallis Livesey, Faith, Medieval Science, Technology, and Medicine: An Encyclopedia, Routledge, 2005, pp. 247–250 ISBN 0-415-96930-1
  • Mordechai S. Goodman (traduttore), The Sabbath Epistle of Rabbi Abraham Ibn Ezra, ('iggeret hashabbat). Ktav Publishing House, Inc., New Jersey, 2009. ISBN 978-1-60280-111-0
  • Jacques Halbronn, Le monde juif et l'astrologie, Ed. Arché, Milano, 1985.
  • Irene Lancaster, Deconstructing the Bible: Abraham ibn Ezra’s Introduction to the Torah, Londra, RoutledgeCurzon, 2003.

Voci correlate

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Controllo di autoritàVIAF (EN90633023 · ISNI (EN0000 0001 1804 4667 · SBN BVEV049717 · BAV 495/205174 · CERL cnp01235998 · LCCN (ENn80089611 · GND (DE118646613 · BNE (ESXX882734 (data) · BNF (FRcb11888013m (data) · J9U (ENHE987007262821205171 · NSK (HR000041949

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