מתכות מעבר עמידות

גביש ביסמוט

מתכות מעבר עמידות (Poor metal או Post-transition metals) הן יסודות מתכתיים. בטבלה המחזורית, הם נמצאים בעמודות 13-15 או 12-15 בין מתכות המעבר למתכות למחצה. יש להן אלקטרושליליות נמוכה יותר מלמתכות מעבר, אך פחות מלמתכות אלקליות ולמתכות אלקליות עפרוריות. מתכות מעבר העמידות כוללות את היסודות: אינדיום, אלומיניום, בדיל, ביסמוט, גליום, עופרת ותליום. למתכות המעבר העמידות יש עוד ארבעה יסודות חדשים שהוכנו במעבדה: ניהוניום, פלרוביום, מוסקוביום וליברמוריום. שיוך מתכות לקבוצה זו תלוי בהגדרת קבוצת מתכות המעבר: עד שנות ה-50 רוב ספרי הכימיה לא שייכו את מתכות העמודה ה-11 (מתכות המטבע) נחושת, כסף וזהב כמתכות מעבר וכיום ברוב הספרים הן נחשבות מתכות מעבר ולא מתכות מעבר עמידות. לגבי מתכות העמודה ה12: אבץ, קדמיום וכספית ניתן למצוא הגדרות סותרות בספרים שונים כשבערך מחצית הספרים מגדירים את הקבוצה כמתכות מעבר והמחצית האחרת (הכוללת את הספר Advenced Inorganic Chemistry של F. A. Cotton ו G. Wilkinson הנחשב לטקסט הסטנדרטי באוניברסיטאות אמריקניות ואחרות) כמתכות מעבר עמידות בשל העובדה שקליפה d שלהם מלאה והקישור הכימי הוא על ידי אלקטרוני s. אי אחידות בהגדרת קבוצה 12 נמצאת אפילו בין פרקים שונים באותם ספרים[1]. הסיבה להכללת יסודות העמודה ה12 כמתכות מעבר (וכפועל יוצא - החסרתן מרשימת מתכות המעבר העמידות) בכמה ספרים היא פישוט הטבלה המחזורית המוצגת לסטודנטים כך שהעמודה מוצגת כחלק מגוש d.

ראו גם

קישורים חיצוניים

ויקישיתוף מדיה וקבצים בנושא מתכות מעבר עמידות בוויקישיתוף

הערות שוליים

  1. ^ "The place of zinc, cadmium, and mercury in the periodic table." Journal of chemical education 80, no. 8 (2003): 952.
הטבלה המחזורית
H He
Li Be B C N O F Ne
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
Cs Ba La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
Fr Ra Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
מתכות אלקליות מתכות אלקליות-עפרוריות לנתנידים אקטינידים מתכות מעבר מתכות מעבר עמידות מתכות למחצה אל-מתכות הלוגנים גזים אצילים תכונות כימיות לא ידועות

Read other articles:

Gage Group Buildings

United States historic placeGage Group—Ascher, Keith, and Gage BuildingsU.S. National Register of Historic PlacesU.S. Historic districtContributing propertyChicago Landmark Gage Group Buildings (left to right: 30, 24, and 18 S. Michigan Avenue); the rightmost's façade is by Louis Sullivan.LocationChicago, IllinoisCoordinates41°52′52.36″N 87°38′13.01″W / 41.8812111°N 87.6369472°W / 41.8812111; -87.6369472Built1898ArchitectHolabird & Roche; Sullivan, L...

 

Surat Yakobus

Bagian dari Alkitab KristenPerjanjian BaruLukas 7:36-37 pada Papirus 3 Injil Matius Markus Lukas Yohanes SejarahKisah Para Rasul Surat Surat-surat Paulus Roma 1 Korintus 2 Korintus Galatia Efesus Filipi Kolose 1 Tesalonika 2 Tesalonika 1 Timotius 2 Timotius Titus Filemon Ibrani Surat-surat umum Yakobus 1 Petrus 2 Petrus 1 Yohanes 2 Yohanes 3 Yohanes Yudas ApokalipsWahyu Perjanjian Lama Portal Kristenlbs Halaman pertama Surat Yakobus (folio 85 recto) dari Minuscule 319. Surat Yakobus ...

 

Qanavat

City in Qom province, Iran For the administrative division, see Qanavat Rural District. For the Syrian town of the same name, see Qanawat. City in Qom, IranQanavat Persian: قنواتCityQanavatCoordinates: 34°36′39″N 51°01′24″E / 34.61083°N 51.02333°E / 34.61083; 51.02333[1]CountryIranProvinceQomCountyQomDistrictCentralPopulation (2016)[2] • Total11,667Time zoneUTC+3:30 (IRST) Qanavat (Persian: قنوات, also Romanized as...

Infanticide

Intentional killing of human offspring This article is about infanticide in humans. For infanticide among animals, see Infanticide (zoology). For practices of killing newborns within 24 hours of a child's birth, see Neonaticide. For the killing of older children by a parent, see Filicide. Part of a series onHomicide Murder Note: Varies by jurisdiction Assassination Child murder Consensual homicide Contract killing Crime of passion Depraved-heart murder Felony murder rule Foeticide Honor ...

 

Boneka Karakuri

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada April 2012. Sebuah automata (robot) karakuri yang ada sejak kira-kira abad ke-17. British Museum. Karakuri penghidang teh dengan alat mekanisme, abad ke-19. Museum Sains Negara Tokyo. Boneka Karakuri (からくり Karakuri)merupakan sebuah boneka bergerak atau autom...

 

Daftar penampilan JKT48

Daftar penampilan JKT48 dapat mengacu pada beberapa hal berikut: Daftar pertunjukan di Teater JKT48 JKT48 Ramadhan (selama bulan Ramadan Tahun Hijriah, sejak 2012) Daftar konser dan acara JKT48 Daftar penampilan JKT48 melalui media di Indonesia Daftar penampilan eksternal JKT48 di Indonesia Daftar penampilan JKT48 di luar negeri lbsJKT48Bagian dari IDN Media (sejak 2022)Anggota (sejarah)AnggotaaktifAnggota tetap AshelAG Amanda Christy Lia Zee Callie Oniel Olla Feni Fiony Flora Freya Ella Gita...

Hero 420

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Hero 420 – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (December 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) 2016 filmHero 420Theatrical release posterDirected bySaikat NasirSujit MondalScreenplay by Pele Abdullah Zahir Babu Based onMaska (film)P...

 

Cumania

Turkic confederation (10th century – 1241) This article is about the historical state. For the modern Hungarian region, see Kunság. Cuman–Kipchak ConfederationDesht-i Qipchaq10th century–1241Cumania (Desht-i Qipchaq) c. 1200KARAKHANID KHANATECUMANSKHAZARSKIMEKSKHITAN EMPIRE1000QOCHOKHOTANGHAZNAVIDEMPIREHINDUSHAHISBUYIDSWESTERNCHALUKYASPALAEMPIREOGHUZYABGUS ◁ ▷ The Cumans in relation to main Central Asian polities c. 1000StatusKhanateCommon languagesKipchak languages(incl...

 

Leader of the Opposition (Bermuda)

Leader of the OppositionIncumbentThe Hon. N. H. Cole Simons JP,MPsince 2 November 2020StyleThe HonourableTerm lengthWhile leader of the largest political party in the House of Assembly that is not in governmentPolitics of Bermuda Law Monarchy Sovereign Charles III Governor Rena Lalgie Executive Premier Edward David Burt Legislative Parliament Senate President: Joan Dillas-Wright House of Assembly Speaker: Dennis Lister Leader of the Opposition: N.H. Cole Simons Elections Recent elections...

Downbelow Station

1981 novel by C. J. Cherryh Downbelow Station Cover of 1981 Book Club edition (hardcover)AuthorC. J. CherryhCountryUnited StatesLanguageEnglishSeriesAlliance–Union universeGenreMilitary science fictionPublished1981 (DAW Books)Media typePrint (Hardback & Paperback)Pages438 ppAwardHugo Award for Best NovelISBN84-7002-376-4OCLC434070670Preceded byHeavy Time, Hellburner Followed byMerchanter's Luck  Downbelow Station is a science fiction novel by American writer C. ...

 

The Diplomat

News magazine covering the Asia-Pacific For other uses, see Diplomat (disambiguation). The DiplomatTypeOnlineFormatMagazineOwner(s)MHT CorporationPublisherJames PachEditorShannon Tiezzi (Editor-in-Chief) Catherine Putz (Managing Editor) Sebastian Strangio (Southeast Asia Editor) Sudh Ramachandran (South Asia Editor) Ankit Panda (Editor-at-Large)Founded2001Ceased publication2009 (print)HeadquartersTokyo, Japan (former), Washington, D.C., United StatesISSN1446-697XWebsitethediplomat.com The Dip...

 

جزيرة أم حماد (ميدي)

قرية جزيرة أم حماد  - قرية -  تقسيم إداري البلد  اليمن المحافظة محافظة حجة المديرية مديرية ميدي العزلة عزلة الجزر معلومات أخرى التوقيت توقيت اليمن (+3 غرينيتش) تعديل مصدري - تعديل   جزيرة أم حماد هي إحدى جزر مديرية ميدي التابعة لمحافظة حجة.[1] مراجع وروابط خا...

United States District Court for the Western District of North Carolina

United States federal district court in North Carolina United States District Court for the Western District of North Carolina(W.D.N.C.)LocationCharles R. Jonas Federal Building(Charlotte)More locationsAshevilleStatesvilleAppeals toFourth CircuitEstablishedJune 4, 1872Judges5Chief JudgeMartin Karl ReidingerOfficers of the courtU.S. AttorneyDena J. KingU.S. MarshalTerry J. Burginwww.ncwd.uscourts.gov The United States District Court for the Western District of North Carolin...

 

Jigyasa Singh

Indian television actress (born 1994) Jigyasa SinghSingh in 2021Born (1994-06-25) 25 June 1994 (age 29)[1]Dehradun, Uttarakhand, IndiaAlma materDelhi UniversityOccupationActressYears active2014–presentKnown forThapki Pyar KiShakti – Astitva Ke Ehsaas Ki Jigyasa Singh (born 25 June 1994) is an Indian television actress.[2] She is known for her portrayal of Thapki in Thapki Pyar Ki and Heer Singh in Shakti – Astitva Ke Ehsaas Ki.[3][4]&#...

 

University of Altdorf

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: University of Altdorf – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (December 2009) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) The University of Altdorf in 1714 The University of Altdorf (German: Universität Altdorf) was a university in Altdorf bei N...

Академия дель Чименто

У этого термина существуют и другие значения, см. Академия (значения). Академия дель Чименто или Академия опыта (эксперимента; опытов) (лат. Accademia del Cimento; итал. Accademia dell'esperimento) — во Флоренции учёное общество (по-итальянски «академия»), учреждённое в 1657 году на средств...

 

Port of Portland (Oregon)

Port in United StatesPort of PortlandMarine Terminal 6 - the state's only deep-draft container terminalLocationCountryUnited StatesLocationPortland, OregonDetailsOpened1891Main importsAutomobiles, steel, and limestoneMain exportsWheat, soda ash, potash, and hayLogo and MottoStatisticsDraft depth43 feetAir draft196 feet, restricted by Astoria–Megler BridgeWebsitewww.portofportland.com The Port of Portland is the port district responsible for overseeing Portland International Airport, general...

 

SeaWorld San Diego

Theme park in San Diego, California For the SeaWorld chain of parks, see SeaWorld. This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: SeaWorld San Diego – news · newspapers...

Prisma dodecagonal

Prisma dodecagonal Familia: Poliedro prismático regular Imagen del sólidoTipo Poliedro uniformeCaras 2 dodecágonos12 cuadradosAristas 36Vértices 24Configuración de vértices 12.4.4Grupo de simetría D12h, [12,2], (*12.2.2), orden 48Grupo de rotación D12, [12,2]+, (12.2.2), orden 24Poliedro dual Bipirámide decagonalSímbolo de Wythoff 2 12 | 22 2 6 |Símbolo de Coxeter-Dynkin Propiedades Convexo semirregular[editar datos en Wikidata] En geometría, el prisma dodecagonal es el ...

 

Shin-Kobe Station

Railway and metro station in Kobe, Japan Shin-Kōbe Station新神戸駅 JR West station Kobe Municipal Subway stationStation buildingGeneral informationLocation1 Kanocho Itchome, Chūō-ku, Kobe, Hyōgo-kenJapanOperated by JR West Kobe Municipal Transportation Bureau Line(s) San'yō Shinkansen Hokushin Line Seishin-Yamate Line Platforms2 side platforms (upper level)1 island platform and 1 side platform (lower level)Tracks5Other informationStation codeS02 (Kobe Municipal Subway)HistoryOpened 1...

 

Strategi Solo vs Squad di Free Fire: Cara Menang Mudah!