Carnota - Monte Pindo

Modelo:Xeografía físicaCarnota - Monte Pindo
Imaxe
TipoZona de especial conservación Editar o valor en Wikidata
Localización
División administrativaCarnota, España, Cee, España, Dumbría, España e Mazaricos, España Editar o valor en Wikidata
Mapa
 42°54′N 9°06′O / 42.9, -9.1
Características
Punto máis altoMonte Pindo Editar o valor en Wikidata  (627 m Editar o valor en Wikidata )
Superficie4.673,85 ha Editar o valor en Wikidata
Historia
Data de creación ou fundacióndecembro de 2004 Editar o valor en Wikidata

Carnota-Monte Pindo é un espazo natural declarado como zona especial de conservación (ZEC) que ocupa unha área de 4674 ha. dos Carnota, Cee, Corcubión, Dumbría e Mazaricos.[1][2][3][4][5][6]

Nel están as praias de Carnota e Caldebarcos entre as cales hai un sistema de marisma-lagoon, a lagoa de Caldebarcos. Na súa parte posterior existe un sistema de dunas móbiles e semimóbiles. Ao fondo do litoral están as penedas do macizo granítico que é o Monte Pindo. As marismas teñen especies como as xunqueiras Juncus maritimus e a Scirpus maritimus e son un lugar onde se crían aves como Charadrius alexandrinus, dándolle valor de conservación. Ademais do sistema costeiro e vexetación holítica, ou as dunas, destacan especialmente as turbeiras altas e activas que ten este espazo natural. No espazo están a a fervenza do Ézaro e as illas de Lobeira grande e Lobeira chica e as augas que as rodean.[4][5][6]

Hábitats

Praia de Carnota, coa as dunas na parte interior da praia e o río cruzando a marisma-lagoon que hai entre a praia e a boca do río.

O ambiente mariño do parque é de augas oligotróficas e mesotróficas. No litoral conta con furnas mariñas e áreas de area sempre cubertas polo mar. Ademais na costa hai calas e baías pouco fondas e arrecifes. Na primeira fronte do litoral hai chairas de lama ou areosas, na marisma, e lagoas costeiras, no seu interior.[6]

Os ríos, como o Miñóns, o Xallas ou Valdebois, van dos pisos de basal á costa. Nos cantís aparecen vexetación típica da costa atlántica e báltica, con argazos e vexetación perenne de coídos. Nas zonas pioneiras da vexetación, como as áreas de lama ou area, aparecen especies pioneiras como Salicornia. Os pasteiros do litoral teñen Spartina ou outras especies halófilas atlánticas. As matogueiras, máis do interior do litoral, son de especies mediterráneas e termoatlánticas. No caso dos bosques, hainos con Alnus glutinosa e Fraxinus excelsior nas beiras das augas e de carballeiras de Quercus robur e Quercus pyrenaica.[6]

O espazo natural con dunas tanto móbiles que están comezando a súa formación como outras litorais, dunas brancas, nas que está Ammophila arenaria. Hai outras dinas xa fixas, non móbiles, onde medra a vexetación e semellan dunas grises, e outras xa fixas e descalcificadas ou vexetación esclerófita. Entre as dunas hai áreas de depresión, ou caídas, nas que se forman zonas húmidas.[6]

As turbeiras nos altos do parque seguen activas. Nalgúns substratos de turbas formados por Rhynchosporion fórmanse ocos ou depresións. Sobre das rochas de silíceos aparece vexetación pioneira na sucesión ecolóxica.[6]

Os queirogais que hai son propios de rexións húmidas e fórmano as especies Erica ciliaris e Erica tetralix, e outros queirogais de zonas secas europeas. Laurus nobilis nalgunhas zonas forma matogueiras. Hai estepas de gramíneas, en áreas máis secas, e prados húmidos onde medran especies de Molinia e prados de sega nas chairas máis baixas do espazo natural.[6]

Flora e Fauna

As especies da flora e fauna en réxime de protección especial ou as que lle dan valor ao parque son[6][7]:

Flora

Especie[6]
Arnica montana
Iris boissieri
Narcissus bulbocodium
Narcissus triandrus
Ruscus aculeatus

Fauna

Invertebrados

Especie[6]
Cerambyx cerdo
Coenagrion mercuriale
Elona quimperiana
Geomalacus maculosus
Hirudo medicinalis
Lucanus cervus

Peixes

Especie[6]
Alosa alosa
Alosa fallax
Chondrostoma duriense

Anfibios

Especie[6]
Alytes obstetricans
Bufo calamita
Chioglossa lusitanica
Discoglossus galganoi
Rana iberica
Rana perezi
Triturus marmoratus

Réptiles

Especie[6]
Chalcides bedriagai
Coronella austriaca
Iberolacerta monticola
Lacerta schreiberi

Aves

Especie[6]
Alauda arvensis
Alcedo atthis
Alectoris rufa
Anas clypeata
Anas crecca
Anas penelope
Anas platyrhynchos
Anser anser
Burhinus oedicnemus
Calidris canutus
Caprimulgus europaeus
Charadrius alexandrinus
Chlidonias niger
Circaetus gallicus
Circus aeruginosus
Circus cyaneus
Circus pygargus
Columba livia
Columba palumbus
Corvus corone
Coturnix coturnix
Egretta alba
Egretta garzetta
Falco peregrinus
Gallinago gallinago
Gallinula chloropus
Garrulus glandarius
Gavia arctica
Gavia immer
Gavia stellata
Haematopus ostralegus
Lanius collurio
Larus argentatus
Larus cachinnans
Larus fuscus
Larus minutus
Larus ridibundus
Limosa lapponica
Larus marinus
Limosa limosa
Lullula arborea
Melanitta fusca
Melanitta nigra
Mergus serrator
Milvus migrans
Numenius arquata
Numenius phaeopus
Pica pica
Platalea leucorodia
Plegadis falcinellus
Pluvialis apricaria
Porzana porzana
Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Rallus aquaticus
Somateria mollissima
Sterna albifrons
Sterna sandvicensis
Streptopelia decaocto
Streptopelia turtur
Sylvia undata
Tetrax tetrax
Tringa erythropus
Tringa glareola
Tringa nebularia
Tringa totanus
Turdus merula
Turdus philomelos
Turdus viscivorus
Uria aalge
Vanellus vanellus

Mamíferos

Especie[6]
Canis lupus
Genetta genetta
Lutra lutra
Mustela putorius
Pipistrellus pipistrellus
Plecotus auritus
Plecotus austriacus
Rhinolophus ferrumequinum
Rhinolophus hipposideros
Stenella coeruleoalba

Notas

  1. ↑ "Decisión da Comisión, do 7 de decembro de 2004, polaa que aproba, de conformidade coa Directiva 92/43/CEE do Consello, a lista de lugares de importancia comunitaria da región bioxeográfica atlántica [notificada co número C(2004) 4032]. «DOUE» núm. 387, de 29 de dicembro de 2004, páxinas da 1 á 96 (96 págs.) DOUE-L-2004-83030.". Consultado o 2017-07-07. 
  2. ↑ "DECRETO 37/2014, do 27 de marzo, polo que se declaran zonas especiais de conservación os lugares de importancia comunitaria de Galicia e se aproba o Plan director da Rede Natura 2000 de Galicia. Decreto do DOG nº 62 do 2014/3/31 - Consellería de Medio Ambiente, Territorio e Infraestruturas, Xunta de Galicia". Consultado o 2017-07-07. 
  3. ↑ "DECRETO 72/2004, do 2 de abril, polo que se declaran determinados Espazos como Zonas de Especial Protección dos Valores Naturais. Consellería de medio ambiente, Xunta de Galicia". Consultado o 2017-07-07. 
  4. ↑ 4,0 4,1 "LIC de Galicia, Rede Natura 2000, Ministerio de Agricultura e Pesca, Alimentación e Medio Ambiente". Consultado o 5 de xullo de 2017. 
  5. ↑ 5,0 5,1 "Carnota - Monte Pindo, Código do ZEC ES1110008. Conselleraría de Medio Ambiente e Ordenación do Territorio. Xunta de Galicia". Arquivado dende o orixinal o 17 de setembro de 2017. Consultado o 2017-07-06. 
  6. ↑ 6,00 6,01 6,02 6,03 6,04 6,05 6,06 6,07 6,08 6,09 6,10 6,11 6,12 6,13 6,14 Información ambiental, valoración e zonificación do espazo natural. Anexo IV Espazos da Área Litoral. Plan Director da Rede Natura 2000 de Galicia. Anexo IV: Espazos da Área Litoral. LIC Carnota-Monte Pindo
  7. ↑ Listado de especies Especies da lexislación DC92/43/CEE e da DC2009/147/CE.

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