Pierre réfractaire

Pierre réfractaire rectangulaire pour cuisson.

La pierre réfractaire est également appelée pierre de cuisson ou pierre à pizza. Elle accumule la chaleur lors de la préchauffe et la restitue de façon homogène sur toute sa surface au contact des aliments[1]. Ses caractéristiques naturelles lui permettent de supporter de fortes températures, nécessaires en particulier à la cuisson des pâtes (pizzas, pains, viennoiseries, cookies, tartes, etc.).

Principe de fonctionnement

Pizza sur une pierre de cuisson.

La pierre réfractaire est mise à four froid sur une grille et préchauffée durant 15 à 45 minutes, selon l'épaisseur de la dalle[2]. La température du four est fixée autour de 250 °C. À l'issue de la préchauffe, le four est éteint et la pizza fraîche est placée sur la pierre réfractaire recouverte d'une fine couche de farine[2].

La pierre réfractaire, qui a accumulé une grande quantité de chaleur, reste chaude longtemps durant la cuisson du fait de son inertie thermique[1].

La chaleur diffuse lentement de la pierre réfractaire vers la pâte durant les 5 à 7 minutes de la cuisson ; elle saisit la pâte rapidement mais sans la brûler, ni la dessécher[1]. La croûte reste croustillante et l'intérieur est moelleux[1]. La pierre réfractaire va aussi absorber l'excès d'humidité de la pâte restituée durant la cuisson (contrairement à une plaque métallique).

Utilisation

Pierre de cuisson et four domestique.

La pierre réfractaire s'utilise dans un four électrique, à gaz, à bois ou sur un barbecue[1].

Caractéristiques

La forme est rectangulaire ou ronde. L'épaisseur est généralement entre 1,5 et 3 cm[1].

La pierre réfractaire est composée d'argile, de cordiérite ou de chamotte (argile calcinée)[3].

Notes et références

  1. ↑ a b c d e et f « À quoi sert une pierre réfractaire en cuisine ? », sur tompress.com (consulté le ).
  2. ↑ a et b « Pierre à pizza pour four », sur Ooreka.fr (consulté le ).
  3. ↑ « Qu'est-ce que la pierre réfractaire ? », sur alsace-tradition.fr (consulté le ).
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