Années 1540 av. J.-C.

Les années 1540 av. J.-C. couvrent les années de 1549 av. J.-C. à 1540 av. J.-C.

Évènements

  • 1547-1522[1] : règne d’Ashur-nirâri Ier, roi d’Assyrie[2].
Amenhotep Ier
  • 1546-1526 av. J.-C.[1] : dates présumées du règne d'Amenhotep Ier (Aménophis Ier)[2],[3], pharaon de la XVIIIe dynastie. Amenhotep Ier, fils d’Ahmôsis Ier et de la reine Ahmès-Néfertary, règne de 21 à 30 ans. Pour affirmer les conquêtes de son père, il guerroie dans le Sud (Koush), jusqu’à Karoy, en aval de la 3e cataracte du Nil[4]. Aucune mention ne précise de campagne en Asie, mais en l’an 2 de son règne, son fils Thoutmôsis Ier déclare que l’Empire égyptien s’étend jusqu’à l’Euphrate. La reconquête de la Basse-Nubie permet d’en contrôler les mines d’or et les carrières. Les Nubiens sont progressivement égyptianisés, les forteresses du Moyen Empire sont réactivées, de nouvelles sont construites, permettant un strict contrôle des mouvements de population et du commerce. Le tribut nubien, essentiellement de l’or, mais aussi les produits du grand commerce africain, joue désormais un rôle essentiel dans les moyens dont dispose l’État égyptien.
  • 1545-1520 av. J.-C.[1] : règne de Kur-Kirwesh, roi d’Élam[2].

Art et culture

Sarcophage et momie d'Amenhotep Ier trouvée dans la cachette royale TT320.

Notes et références

  1. a b et c Selon la chronologie moyenne qui place le règne d'Hammurabi entre 1792 et 1750
  2. a b et c Georges Roux, La Mésopotamie : essai d'histoire politique, économique et culturelle, Seuil, , 473 p. (ISBN 978-2-02-008632-5, présentation en ligne)
  3. ou 1545 av. J.-C., selon l'égyptologue Donald B. Redford, 1551 av. J.-C. selon l'égyptologue Wente, 1529, selon l'égyptologue Parker, 1527, selon l'égyptologue Hornung, 1526, selon l'égyptologue Nicolas Grimal, 1525, selon les égyptologues Dieter Arnold, Jürgen von Beckerath, Aidan Mark Dodson, Jaromir Málek, Ian Shaw, Donald Bruce Redford ou 1524, selon l'égyptologue Wente
  4. (en) Kathryn A. Bard, Encyclopedia of the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt, Routledge, , 968 p. (ISBN 978-1-134-66525-9, présentation en ligne)
  5. Pascal Vernus et Jean Yoyotte, Les Pharaons, FeniXX, 200 p. (ISBN 978-2-263-07181-2, présentation en ligne)

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