باستان‌شناسی فضایی

میدان بازمانده از فرود مریخ نورد استقامت از بالگرد نبوغ در تصویر دیده می‌شود

در باستان‌شناسی، باستان‌شناسی فضایی (به انگلیسی:space archaeology) مطالعه مبتنی بر تحقیق در مورد اقلام مختلف ساخته شده توسط انسان که در فضا یافت می‌شود است. این زمینه همچنین تفسیر این اقلام را به عنوان سرنخ‌هایی از ماجراجویی‌های که بشر در فضا تجربه کرده‌است، و حفظ آنها به عنوان میراث فرهنگی را به عهده دارد.[۱]

این زمینه مجموعه‌های پرتاب‌شده از روی زمین، زباله‌های مداری، ماهواره‌ها و اجرام و سازه‌های دیگر اجرام آسمانی مانند ماه و مریخ را مطالعه می‌کند. این زمینه همچنین شامل حوزه کاربردی فرهنگ مادی[EN ۱] است که اهمیت مکان‌ها و اشیاء فضایی را از نظر قوانین ملی و بین‌المللی نگهداری میراث فرهنگی ارزیابی می‌کند. فرهنگ مادی به این موضوع می‌پردازد که چه، چگونه و چرا این آثار تاریخ اخیر ما باید برای نسل‌های آینده حفظ شود.

میراث فرهنگی

گردشگری فضایی می‌تواند بر آثار باستانی، به عنوان مثال، در ماه تأثیر بگذارد.[۲][۳][۴] این تصور که این میراث فرهنگی در خطر است و نیاز به اقدام برای جلوگیری از زوال یا تخریب دارد، در حال گسترش است.[۵][۶][۷] شاید بتوان مصنوعات ساخت بشر (مثلاً بخش‌های قدیمی ایستگاه‌های فضایی) را در «مدار موزه» حفظ کرد.[۸] بسیاری از این گونه آثار به دلیل عدم شناسایی و ارزیابی از بین رفته‌اند. کارشناسان معتقدند که تداوم و ارتباط با گذشته از عناصر حیاتی بقا در دنیای مدرن است.[۹] مدلی برای همکاری بین‌المللی مبتنی بر قطب جنوب پیشنهاد شده‌است.[۱۰] مردم شناسان نیز به این حوزه نوپا علاقه‌مند شده‌اند.[۱۱]

یکی از پیامدهای غیرمنتظره این کار، توسعه تکنیک‌هایی برای تشخیص نشانه‌های حیات یا فناوری در سیارات دیگر، یا بازدید فرازمینی‌ها است.[۱۲][۱۳][۱۴] یکی از جنبه‌های این کار استفاده از ماهواره برای شناسایی سازه‌های با اهمیت باستان‌شناسی است.[۱۵][۱۶][۱۷][۱۸]

جستارهای وابسته

یادداشت‌ها

  1. Cultural resource

منابع

  1. Capelotti, P.J. (November–December 2004). "Space: The Final [Archaeological] Frontier". Archaeology. Archaeological Institute of America. 57 (6). Archived from the original on 4 November 2012. Retrieved 3 June 2012.
  2. Greg Fewer (2007). "Conserving space heritage: The case of Tranquility Base". Journal of the British Interplanetary Society. 60: 3–8. Bibcode:2007JBIS...60....3F. Conference paper from Archaeology for Space Symposium
  3. Peter Dickens; James S. Ormrod (2007). Cosmic Society: Towards a Sociology of the Universe. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-37432-3.
  4. The Lunar Land Management System بایگانی‌شده در ۱۰ مارس ۲۰۱۶ توسط Wayback Machine began in January 2007 and is currently based in the Mojave Desert of California at the Mojave Spaceport. The Mojave Spaceport is "an innovator in the privatization of space travel and is quickly becoming a gateway to the stars."
  5. Beth Laura O'Leary (2006). "The cultural heritage of space, the Moon and other celestial bodies". Antiquity. 80.
  6. Dirk HR Spennemann (2004). "The ethics of treading on Neil Armstrong's footprints". Space Policy. 20 (4): 279–290. Bibcode:2004SpPol..20..279S. doi:10.1016/j.spacepol.2004.08.005.
  7. Alice Gorman (2005). "The cultural landscape of interplanetary space". Journal of Social Archaeology. 5 (1): 85–107. doi:10.1177/1469605305050148.
  8. "Gorman (2007)". Archived from the original on 2010-08-17. Retrieved 2017-10-28.
  9. Alice C Gorman (2005). "The Archaeology of Orbital Space" (PDF). Australian Space Science Conference: 338–357. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 March 2019. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
  10. D Spennemann (2006). "Out of this World: Issues of Managing Tourism and Humanity's Heritage on the Moon". Intl J of Heritage Studies. 12 (4): 356–371. doi:10.1080/13527250600726911.
  11. Fraser MacDonald (2007). "Anti-Astropolitik – outer space and the orbit of geography". Progress in Human Geography. 31 (5): 592–615. doi:10.1177/0309132507081492.
  12. John B Campbell (2006). "Archaeology and direct imaging of exoplanets" (PDF). In C. Aime; F. Vakili (eds.). Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union. Cambridge University Press. pp. 247ff. ISBN 978-0-521-85607-2. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-03-26.
  13. Campbell, J.B. (2004). "The potential for archaeology within and beyond the habitable zones of the Milky Way". In Norris, R.; Stootman, F. (eds.). Bioastronomy 2002: Life among the Stars. International Astronomical Union Symposium 213. Bioastronomy 2002: Life Among the Stars. Vol. 213. Astronomical Society of the Pacific. p. 505. Bibcode:2004IAUS..213..505C. ISBN 978-1-58381-171-9.
  14. Greg Fewer, Searching for extraterrestrial intelligence. A pdf file here بایگانی‌شده در ۲۰۰۷-۰۹-۲۷ توسط Wayback Machine.
  15. MJ Carlotto (2007). "Detecting Patterns of a Technological Intelligence in Remotely Sensed Imagery" (PDF). Journal of the British Interplanetary Society. 60: 28–39. Bibcode:2007JBIS...60...28C. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 September 2016. Retrieved 21 October 2022.
  16. James Wiseman & Farouk El-Baz (2007). Remote Sensing in Archaeology. Springer. p. 1. ISBN 978-0-387-44615-8.
  17. James Conolly; Mark Lake (2006). Geographical Information Systems in Archaeology. Cambridge University Press. p. 72. ISBN 978-0-521-79330-8.
  18. R. Lassaponara; et al. (2006). "VHR satellite images for the knowledge and the enhancement of cultural landscapes". In Fort; Alvarez de Buergo; Gomez-Heras; Vazquez-Calvo (eds.). Heritage, Weathering and Conservation. Taylor & Francis Group. pp. 841ff. ISBN 978-0-415-41272-8.

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