Oroimen historiko

Txileko hiriburuan dagoen Museo de la Memoria y los Derechos Humanos museoan ikus daitekeen biktimen argazkiekin egindako instalazioa.

Oroimen historikoa iraganarekiko lotura ez galtzeko gizataldeek eginiko ahalegina da, iraganeko benetako eta balizko gertaerak identifikatu eta aitortzeko, iragana balioetsiz eta errespetatuz. Historiografiako kontzeptua da, eta Pierre Nora frantziar historialaria jotzen da haren sortzailetzat. "Lieu de mémoire" edo oroimen leku kontzeptuari oso lotuta dago. Espainiako historiaren kasuan, berebiziko garrantzia hartu du Gerra Zibilaren oroimen historikoak; izan ere, zenbait kasutan indarrez eta odolaren poderioz, urte askoan ahantzarazitako istorioak izan dira. Azken hamarkadetako euskal gatazkari buruzko oroimen historikoak gaurkotasun handia hartu du XXI. mendeko bigarren hamarkadan.

Oroimen historikoa Italian

Oroimen historikoa gaurkotasuna duen gaia da Italian, baina ez da kalapitarik gabea. Alde batetik, nazien hondamendia oroitzen da, baina bestetik Jugoslaviako mugan izandako italiarren kanporaketen eta hilketen gaia dago, jugoslaviar milizianoek faxistekin parekatu zituztenean egindakoak; mugimendu ultraeskuindarrek eta Italiako estatuko sektoreek genozidio deitu izan diote.[1]

Oroimen historikoa Euskal Herrian

Euskal Herrian hainbat taldek burututako lana ikus daiteke, bisita gidatuen bitartez, edota museo eta interpretazio zentroei esker. Hauek dira batzuk:

  • Burdinezko Gerrikoa Ugaon. Ugaoko Udalak laguntza eman zien oroimen historikoaren aldeko taldeei eta Ugao ondoan zegoen Bilboko Defentsa Ingurabidea oneratzeko lanak egin zituzten. Katalogatzea, ikertzea, balioa ematea eta lortutako informazioa zabaltzea izan dira eman dituzten urratsak[2].
  • Lemoa. Espainiako Gerra Zibilak utzitako ondarea berreskuratzen hasi ziren. Lemoatx 1937 Lemoako Memoria Historikoaren Batzorde Herrikoia sortu zute eta nazioarteko auzolandegi programa bat ere antolatu zuten[2].
  • Intxorta. 2005. urtean Intxorta 1937 kultur elkartea erakunde ofizial bihurtu zuen eta bere helburuak bertatik memoria historikoa berreskuratzea eta ezagutzaren zabaltzea dira. Memoria Historikoaren Euskal Interpretazio Zentroa sortu zuten eta baita, Intxorta mendian lehengoratutako ondarea ikusteko, bost kilometro inguruko ibilbidea ere[2].
  • Bizkargi Eguna. 2015etik hasita, Bizkargi Gogoratuz Elkarteak antolatzen du Bizkargin. Elkarte honen helburuak hauek diraː Bizkargiko mendi tontorrean 1937. urtean izandako gertaerak gogoratzea; guda horretan borrokatu zuten eusko gudariak omentzea eta oroitzea; guda horren arrazoien zergatia eztabaidatzea eta informatzea; garai haietako eskubide zibil eta politikoen urraketa gaurko egungo testuinguruan kokatzea.

Gerra Zibilaren gaiak gaurkotasun handia irabazi duen arren, gai historikoek ere arreta handia piztu dute. Nabarralde taldeak hainbat oroigarri jarri ditu Nafarroako gazteluak altxa ziren Euskal Herriko mendietan, ondare ahaztua gogora ekarri nahian. Oroigarri horiek, ordea, bandalismoa jaso dute gutxienez Nafarroa Garaiko hamabi gailurretan, horiek moztuz.[3]

Ipar Euskal herrian, Frantziar estatuaren memoria historikorako ohitura errotua nabari da herri guzietan. Herri anitzek, bere "Monument aux morts de la guerre" edo Gerlan hildakoen omenezko monumentua dauka.

Ikus, gainera

Kanpo estekak

Erreferentziak

  1. ↑ Santopadre, Marco. ««Errealitate historikoa ukatzen dutenak dira negazionistak»» Berria (Noiz kontsultatua: 2022-02-10).
  2. ↑ a b c Jon Rejado, «Herritik herrirako historia», Berria, 2014-12-14
  3. ↑ «Erasotako monolitoak konponduko ditu Nafarroa Bizirik-ek: “Memoria ez da zerra batekin mozten”» Argia (Noiz kontsultatua: 2021-02-07).


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