Markus Wolf

Markus Wolf

Markus Johannes Wolf (19. jaanuar 1923 Hechingen – 9. november 2006 Berliin) oli juudi päritolu Saksa Demokraatliku Vabariigi riigitegelane ja Riikliku Julgeoleku Ministeeriumi (Stasi) välisluure juhataja.

Lapsepõlv

Markus Wolfi isa oli arst ja näitekirjanik, rahvuselt juut ja veendumustelt kommunist, mistõttu pidi pere 1933. aastal pärast seda, kui natsionaalsotsialistid võimu haarasid, Saksamaalt põgenema. Algul põgenesid nad Šveitsi, kust siirdusid 1934. aastal Moskvasse Nõukogude Liidu Kirjanike Liidu kaitse alla. Järgnesid noore Markuse kooliaastad Moskvas, kust pere evakueeriti teise maailmasõja alguses 1941. aastal Kasahstani.

Tegevus Nõukogude julgeolekuorganites

Evakuatsiooniperioodi alguses alustas Markus Wolf lennuinseneri õpinguid, kuid ta saadeti alanud sõja ajal Kominterni kooli salajasi operatsioone õppima.

1943. aastal suunati Markus Wolf diktoriks Moskva Saksa rahvaraadiosse, kus ta osales Natsi-Saksamaa vastases Vaba Saksamaa Rahvuskomitee tegevuses. Pärast seda, kui Nõukogude väed olid Saksamaa okupeerinud, suunati Wolf samale tööle äsja vabastatud Berliini, kus ta kajastas raadios Nürnbergi protsessi.

Sügisel 1951 asutati Ida-Berliini poliitilise luure üksus. Markus Wolf oli üks selle kaheksast "asutajaliikmest".

1953. aastal sai Wolf pärast lühikest diplomaadikarjääri Stasi välisluurepeavalitsuse juhiks. Seda ametit pidas ta 34 aastat kuni pensionini 1986. aastal.

1990. aasta septembri lõpus sõitis Markus Wolf koos abikaasaga Austriasse ja sealt edasi Moskvasse. 1991. aasta septembris pöördusid nad tagasi.

1993. aastal mõisteti Wolf kuueks aastaks vangi riigireetmise eest. Enne karistuse kandmist see otsus aga tühistati, sest Saksamaa kõrgemad kohtuinstantsid leidsid, et Saksa Demokraatlikku Vabariiki teeninud luurajad ei saanud reeta Saksamaa Liitvabariiki.

Kirjandustegevus

  • "По собственному заданию", М., 1999, (vene keeles)
  • "Игра на чужом поле: 30 лет во главе разведки", М., 1998, (vene keeles)
  • "Друзья не умирают", М., 2004, (vene keeles)
  • "The Man Without a Face", 1997
  • "Spymaster", Leslie Colitt, 1995

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