Lists of 21st-century earthquakes

Earthquakes of magnitude 8.0 and greater from 1900 to 2018. The apparent 3D volumes of the bubbles are linearly proportional to their respective fatalities.[1]

The following is a summary of significant earthquakes during the 21st century. In terms of fatalities, the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake was the most destructive event with 227,898 confirmed fatalities, followed by the 2010 Haiti earthquake with about 160,000 fatalities,[2] the 2008 Sichuan earthquake with 87,587 fatalities, the 2005 Kashmir earthquake suffered by Pakistan with 87,351 fatalities, and the 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes with at least 59,488 fatalities.

The 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami became the costliest natural disaster, resulting in approximately $360 billion in property damage at the time, followed by the 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes and the 2008 Sichuan earthquake, which resulted in $163.6 billion and $150 billion in damage, respectively.

List of deadliest earthquakes

Rank Fatalities Magnitude Location Event Date
1 227,898 9.2–9.3  Indonesia, Indian Ocean 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami December 26, 2004
2 160,000[3] 7.0  Haiti 2010 Haiti earthquake January 12, 2010
3 87,587 7.9  China 2008 Sichuan earthquake May 12, 2008
4 87,351 7.6  Pakistan 2005 Kashmir earthquake October 8, 2005
5 62,013 7.8  Turkey,  Syria 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes February 6, 2023
6 34,000[4] 6.6  Iran 2003 Bam earthquake December 26, 2003
7 20,085 7.7  India 2001 Gujarat earthquake January 26, 2001
8 19,759 9.0–9.1  Japan 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami March 11, 2011
9 8,964 7.8    Nepal 2015 Nepal earthquake April 25, 2015
10 5,782 6.4  Indonesia 2006 Yogyakarta earthquake May 26, 2006
11 4,340 7.5  Indonesia 2018 Sulawesi earthquake and tsunami September 28, 2018
12 2,960 6.8  Morocco 2023 Al Haouz earthquake September 8, 2023
13 2,698 6.9  China 2010 Yushu earthquake April 13, 2010
14 2,266 6.8  Algeria 2003 Boumerdès earthquake May 21, 2003
15 2,248 7.2  Haiti 2021 Haiti earthquake August 14, 2021
16 1,482[5] 6.3  Afghanistan 2023 Herat earthquakes October 7, 2023
17 1,313 8.6  Indonesia 2005 Nias–Simeulue earthquake March 28, 2005
18 1,200[6] 6.1  Afghanistan 2002 Hindu Kush earthquakes March 25, 2002
19 1,163 6.0  Afghanistan,  Pakistan June 2022 Afghanistan earthquake June 21, 2022
20

1,115

7.6  Indonesia 2009 Sumatra earthquakes September 30, 2009
  • Note: At least 1,000+ fatalities

List of largest earthquakes by magnitude

Rank Magnitude[7] Event Location Date
1 9.2–9.3 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake  Indonesia, Sumatra, Indian Ocean, December 26, 2004
2 9.0–9.1 2011 Tōhoku earthquake  Japan, Tōhoku, Pacific Ocean March 11, 2011
3 8.8 2010 Chile earthquake  Chile, Maule February 27, 2010
4 8.6 2005 Nias–Simeulue earthquake  Indonesia, Sumatra March 28, 2005
4 8.6 2012 Indian Ocean earthquakes  Indonesia, Sumatra April 11, 2012
5 8.5 2007 Bengkulu earthquakes  Indonesia, Sumatra September 12, 2007
  • Note: At least 8.5+ magnitude

List of costliest earthquakes

Main article: List of costliest earthquakes

Note:This only ranks immediate costs, for example, nuclear meltdown and climate and fossil fuel costs, as well as other ongoing costs from quakes are not included.

Rank Event Location Magnitude Historic cost (year) Adjusted for inflation (year)
1 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami  Japan 9.0–9.1 $235 billion (2011)[8] $320.4 billion (2023)
2 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes Turkey Turkey, Syria Syria 7.8 and 7.7 Mw $163.3 billion (2023)[9][10] $163.3 billion (2023)
3 2008 Sichuan earthquake China Sichuan, China 8.0 Ms $150 billion (2008)[11] $212.3 billion (2023)
4 2010 Canterbury earthquake  New Zealand 7.0 $40 billion (2010)[12] $56.2 billion (2023)
5 2004 Chūetsu earthquake  Japan 6.8 $28 billion (2004)[13][14] $45.1 billion (2024)
6 2011 Sikkim earthquake  India 6.9 $22.3 billion (2011)[15] $30.2 billion (2024)
7 2016 Kumamoto earthquakes  Japan 7.0 $24–46 billion (2016)[16] $30.5-58.4 billion (2024)
8 2024 Noto earthquake  Japan 7.5 $17.6 billion (2024)[17] $17.6 billion (2024)
9 2009 L'Aquila earthquake  Italy 6.3 $16 billion (2009)[18] $22.7 billion (2024)
10 2012 Northern Italy earthquakes  Italy 6.1[19] $15.8 billion (2012)[20] $20.9 billion (2024)

Deadliest earthquakes by year

These are the deadliest earthquakes per year

Year Deadliest earthquake Fatalities Magnitude Location Date
2001 2001 Gujarat earthquake 20,085 7.7  India January 26
2002 2002 Hindu Kush earthquakes 1,200 6.1  Afghanistan March 25
2003 2003 Bam earthquake 34,000 6.6  Iran December 26
2004 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami 227,898 9.1–9.3  Indonesia, Indian Ocean December 26
2005 2005 Kashmir earthquake 87,351 7.6  Pakistan October 8
2006 2006 Yogyakarta earthquake 5,782 6.4  Indonesia May 26
2007 2007 Peru earthquake 595 8.0  Peru August 15
2008 2008 Sichuan earthquake 87,587 7.9  China May 12
2009 2009 Sumatra earthquakes 1,115 7.6  Indonesia September 30
2010 2010 Haiti earthquake 160,000 7.0  Haiti January 12
2011 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami 19,759 9.0–9.1  Japan March 11
2012 2012 East Azerbaijan earthquakes 306 6.4 Iran Iran August 11
2013 2013 Balochistan earthquakes 825 7.7 Pakistan Pakistan September 24
2014 2014 Ludian earthquake 615 6.1  China August 3
2015 2015 Nepal earthquake 8,964 7.8    Nepal April 25
2016 2016 Ecuador earthquake 673 7.8 Ecuador Ecuador April 16
2017 2017 Iran–Iraq earthquake 630 7.3 Iran Iran November 12
2018 2018 Sulawesi earthquake and tsunami 4,340 7.5 Indonesia Indonesia September 28
2019 2019 Albania earthquake 51 6.4  Albania November 26
2020 2020 Aegean Sea earthquake 119 7.0  Turkey
 Greece 		October 30
2021 2021 Haiti earthquake 2,248 7.2  Haiti August 14
2022 June 2022 Afghanistan earthquake 1,163 6.2  Afghanistan
 Pakistan 		June 21
2023 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes 62,013 7.8  Turkey
 Syria 		February 6
2024 2024 Noto earthquake 475 7.5  Japan January 1

Largest earthquakes by year

These are the largest earthquakes by magnitude per year[7]

Year Magnitude Deaths Event Location Date total M7+
2001 8.4 145 2001 southern Peru earthquake  Peru June 23 Steady 16
2002 7.9 0 2002 Denali earthquake  United States November 3 Decrease 13
2003 8.3 0 2003 Tokachi earthquake  Japan September 25 Increase 15
2004 9.2–9.3 227,898 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami  Indonesia, Indian Ocean December 26 Increase 16
2005 8.6 1,313 2005 Nias–Simeulue earthquake  Indonesia March 28 Decrease 11
2006 8.3 0 2006 Kuril Islands earthquake  Russia November 15 Steady 11
2007 8.5 23 2007 Bengkulu earthquakes  Indonesia September 12 Increase 18
2008 7.9 87,587 2008 Sichuan earthquake  China May 12 Decrease 12
2009 8.1 192 2009 Samoa earthquake and tsunami  Samoa September 29 Increase 17
2010 8.8 525 2010 Chile earthquake  Chile February 27 Increase 22
2011 9.0–9.1 19,759 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami  Japan March 11 Decrease 20
2012 8.6 10 2012 Indian Ocean earthquakes  Indonesia, Indian Ocean April 11 Decrease 17
2013 8.3 0 2013 Okhotsk Sea earthquake  Russia May 24 Increase 19
2014 8.2 6 2014 Iquique earthquake  Chile April 1 Decrease 12
2015 8.3 14 2015 Illapel earthquake  Chile September 16 Increase 19
2016 7.9 0 2016 Solomon Islands earthquakes  Solomon Islands December 17 Decrease 16
2017 8.2 98 2017 Chiapas earthquake  Mexico September 8 Decrease 7
2018 8.2 0 2018 Fiji earthquakes  Fiji August 19 Increase 17
2019 8.0 2 2019 Peru earthquake  Peru May 26 Decrease 10
2020 7.8 0 July 2020 Alaska Peninsula earthquake  United States July 22 Decrease 9
2021 8.2 0 2021 Chignik earthquake  United States July 29 Increase 19
2022 7.6 2 2022 Michoacán earthquake  Mexico September 19 Decrease 11
21 2022 Papua New Guinea earthquake  Papua New Guinea September 10
2023 7.8 62,013 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes  Turkey
 Syria 		February 6 Increase 19
2024 7.5 475 2024 Noto earthquake  Japan January 1 Decrease 9

Lists of earthquakes by decade

See also

Notes

References

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  3. ^ Kolbe, Athena R.; Hutson, Royce A.; Shannon, Harry; Trzcinski, Eileen; Miles, Bart; Levitz, Naomi; Puccio, Marie; James, Leah; Roger Noel, Jean; Muggah, Robert (2010). "Mortality, crime and access to basic needs before and after the Haiti earthquake: a random survey of Port-au-Prince households". Medicine, Conflict and Survival. 26 (4): 281–297. doi:10.1080/13623699.2010.535279. PMID 21314081. S2CID 26000167.
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  7. ^ a b ISC 2022.
  8. ^ Victoria Kim (March 21, 2011). "Japan damage could reach $235 billion, World Bank estimates". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on March 31, 2011. Retrieved March 21, 2011.
  9. ^ "Deprem bölgesinde fatura borçlarının silinmesi için süre uzatıldı". Milat Gazetsi. August 22, 2023. Retrieved November 9, 2023.
  10. ^ "Political failure has killed people in Syria before and after the earthquakes". Counsil for Arab-British Understanding. April 10, 2023. Retrieved April 14, 2023.
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  16. ^ "2016 Kumamoto Earthquake Survey Report (Preliminary)" (PDF). Asian Disaster Reduction Center. Retrieved January 27, 2024.
  17. ^ "Gov't estimates central Japan quake damage will reach 2.6 tril. yen". Kyodo News. January 26, 2024. Retrieved January 26, 2024.
  18. ^ "Italy Quake Reconstruction to Cost at Least $16 Billion". Fox News. April 15, 2009. Archived from the original on April 19, 2009. Retrieved October 23, 2012.
  19. ^ "Where can I learn more about the 1906 Earthquake?". Berkeley Seismological Lab. December 11, 2011.
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Sources

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