List of state leaders in the 3rd century

This is a list of state leaders in the 3rd century (201–300) AD.

Africa

Africa: East

• Kingdom of Aksum (complete list) –

• GDRT, King (c.200)
• `DBH, King (c.230–c.240)
• Sembrouthes, King (c.250)
• DTWNS, King (c.260)
• Endubis, King (c.270–c.300)

Africa: Northeast

• Kingdom of Kush (complete list) –

• Teritedakhatey, King (early 3rd century)
• Aryesbokhe, King (early 3rd century)
• Teqerideamani II, King (3rd century)
• Talakhidamani (c. 260 / c. 300)

• Maleqorobar, Prince (3rd century)

• Yesbokheamani, King (c. 300)

Americas

Americas: Mesoamerica

Maya civilization

• Tikal (complete list) –

• Foliated Jaguar, Ajaw (2nd–3rd century)
• Animal Headdress, Ajaw (c.292)

Asia

Asia: Central

Mongolia

• Xianbei state –

• Budugen, Chieftain (187–234)

Asia: East

China

• Eastern Han, China (complete list) –

• Xian, Emperor (189–220)

• Cao Wei (complete list) –

• Cao Pi, Emperor (220–226)
• Cao Rui, Emperor (227–239)
• Cao Fang, Emperor (240–249)
• Cao Mao, Emperor (254–260)
• Cao Huan, Emperor (260–265)

• Shu Han (complete list) –

• Liu Bei, Emperor (221–223)
• Liu Shan, Emperor (223–263)

• Eastern Wu (complete list) –

• Sun Quan, Emperor (222–252)
• Sun Liang, Emperor (252–258)
• Sun Xiu, Emperor (258–264)
• Sun Hao, Emperor (264–280)

• Western Jin, China (complete list) –

• Wu, Emperor (266–290)
• Hui, Emperor (290–307)

Japan

• Japan, Yayoi period (complete list) –

Previous emperors are considered legendary.

• Ōjin, Emperor (270–310)

• Yamatai –

• Himiko, Queen (189-248)
• Iyo, Queen (248–?)

Korea

• Baekje (complete list) –

• Chogo, King (166–214)
• Gusu, King (214–234)
• Saban, King (234)
• Goi, King (234–286)
• Chaekgye, King (286–298)
• Bunseo, King (298–304)

• Geumgwan Gaya (complete list) –

• Geodeung, King (199–259)
• Mapum, King (259–291)
• Geojilmi, King (291–346)

• Goguryeo (complete list) –

• Sansang, King (197–227)
• Dongcheon, King (227–248)
• Jungcheon, King (248–270)
• Seocheon, King (270–292)
• Bongsang, King (292–300)
• Micheon, King (300–331)

• Silla (complete list) –

• Naehae, King (196–230)
• Jobun, King (230–247)
• Cheomhae, King (247–261)
• Michu, King (262–284)
• Yurye, King (284–298)
• Girim, King (298–310)

Asia: Southeast

Cambodia

• Funan –

• Fàn Shīmàn, King (early 3rd century)
• Fàn Jīnshēng, King (c.230)
• Fàn Zhān, King (c.230–c.243 or later)
• Fàn Cháng, King (after 243)
• Fàn Xún, King (c.250-287)

Indonesia: Java

• Salakanagara –

• Dewawarman III, King (2nd–3rd century)
• Dewawarman IV, King (early 3rd century)
• Dewawarman V, King (mid 3rd century)
• Dewawarman VI, King (late 3rd century)

Vietnam

• Champa (complete list) –

• Khu Liên, King (192–mid 3rd century)
• Fan Hsiung, King (c.270–280)
• Fan Yi, King (c.284–336)

Asia: South

India

• Chera dynasty (complete list) –

• Cenkuttuvan, King (c.188–244)

• Gupta Empire (complete list) –

• Śri Gupta, Emperor (c.240–c.280)
• Ghatotkacha, Emperor (c.280–c.319)

• Kushan Empire (complete list) –

• Vasudeva I, Ruler/Emperor (c.190–230s)
• Kanishka II, Ruler/Emperor (c.230–240)
• Vashishka, Ruler/Emperor (c.240–250)
• Kanishka III, Ruler/Emperor (c.250–275)
• Vasudeva II, Ruler/Emperor (c.275–310)

• Satavahana dynasty (Purana-based chronology)^[1] –

• Sri Yajna Satakarni, King (172–201)
• Vijaya Satakarni, King (201–207)
• Chandra Sri Satakarni, King (207–214)
• Pulumavi IV, King (217–224)

• Western Satraps (complete list) –

• Rudrasena I, Satrap (200–222)
• Prthivisena, Satrap (222)
• Samghadaman, Satrap (222–223)
• Damasena, Satrap (223–232)
• Damajadasri II, Satrap (232–239)
• Viradaman, Satrap (234–238)
• Isvaradatta, Satrap (236–239)
• Yasodaman I, Satrap (239)
• Vijayasena, Satrap (239–250)
• Damajadasri III, Satrap (251–255)
• Rudrasena II, Satrap (255–277)
• Visvasimha, Satrap (277–282)
• Bhartrdaman, Satrap (282–295)
• Visvasena, Satrap (293–304)

• Vakataka dynasty (complete list) –

• Vindhyashakti, King (250–270)
• Pravarasena I, King (270–330)

Pakistan

• Indo-Parthian Kingdom (complete list) –

• Farn-Sasan, King (210–226)

• Kushano-Sasanian Kingdom (complete list) –

• Ardashir I, Kushanshah (230–245)
• Peroz I, Kushanshah (245–275)
• Hormizd I, Kushanshah (275–300)
• Hormizd II, Kushanshah (300–303)

• Paratarajas (complete list) –

• Kozana, Raja (c.200–220)
• Bhimarjuna, Raja (c.220–235)
• Koziya, Raja (c.235–265)
• Datarvharna, Raja (c.265–280)
• Datayola II, Raja (c.280–300)^[2]

Sri Lanka

• Anuradhapura Kingdom (complete list) –

• Siri Naga I, King (196–215)
• Voharika Tissa, King (215–237)
• Abhaya Naga, King (237–245)
• Siri Naga II, King (245–247)
• Vijaya Kumara, King (247–248)
• Sangha Tissa I, King (248–252)
• Siri Sangha Bodhi I, King (252–254)
• Gothabhaya, King (254–267)
• Jettha Tissa I, King (267–277)
• Mahasena, King (277–304)

Asia: West

• Osroene (complete list) –

• Abgar IX, client King under Rome (177–212)
• Abgar X Severus bar Ma'nu, client King under Rome (212–214)
• Abgar (X) Severus Bar Abgar (IX) Rabo, client King under Rome (214–216)
• Ma’nu (IX) Bar Abgar (X) Severus, client King under Rome (216–242)
• Abgar (XI) Farhat Bar Ma’nu (IX), client King under Rome (242–244)

• Palmyra –

• Odaenathus (bef. 258–267)
• Zenobia Regent (267–272)
• Vaballathus King (267–272)

• Roman Empire: East –

• Diocletian, Eastern Augustus (284–305)
• Galerius, Eastern Caesar (293–311)

Persia

• Persia: Sasanian Empire (complete list) –

• Vologases V, Great King, Shah (191–208)
• Vologases VI, Great King, Shah – in civil war (208–228)
• Artabanus V, Great King, Shah – in civil war (208–224)

• Adiabene (complete list) –

• Shahrat (Shahrad), client King under Parthia (c.213–224)

• Characene (complete list) –

• Maga, client King under Parthia (c.195–210)
• Abinergaos III, client King under Parthia (c.210–222)

• Elymais (complete list) –

• Unknown client King under Parthia (c.190–c.210)^[3]
• Unknown client King under Parthia (c.210–c.220)^[4]
• Orodes VI client King under Parthia (c.220–224)^[5]

• Persia: Sasanian Empire (complete list) –

• Ardashir I, Shahanshah, King of Kings (224–242)
• Shapur I, Shahanshah, King of Kings (240–270)
• Hormizd I, Shahanshah, King of Kings (270–271)
• Bahram I, Shahanshah, King of Kings (271–274)
• Bahram II, Shahanshah, King of Kings (274–293)
• Bahram III, Shahanshah, King of Kings (293)
• Narseh, Shahanshah, King of Kings (293–302)
• Shapur IV,§ Shahanshah, King of Kings (420)
• Khosrau the Usurper,§ Shahanshah, King of Kings (420)
• Bahram V, Shahanshah, King of Kings (420–438)
• Yazdegerd II, Shahanshah, King of Kings (438–457)
• Hormizd III, Shahanshah, King of Kings (457–459)
• Peroz I, Shahanshah, King of Kings (459–484)
• Balash, Shahanshah, King of Kings (484–488)
• Kavadh I, Shahanshah, King of Kings (488–496)
• Djamasp, Shahanshah, King of Kings (496–498)
• Kavadh I, Shahanshah, King of Kings (498–531)
• Khosrow I, Shahanshah, King of Kings (531–579)
• Hormizd IV, Shahanshah, King of Kings (579–590)
• Khosrow II, Shahanshah, King of Kings (590)
• Bahram VI Chobin,§ Shahanshah, King of Kings (590–591)
• Khosrow II, Shahanshah, King of Kings (591–628)
• Vistahm,§ Shahanshah, King of Kings (591–596)
• Kavadh II, Shahanshah, King of Kings (628)
• Ardashir III, Shahanshah, King of Kings (628–629)
• Shahrbaraz,§ Shahanshah, King of Kings (629)
• Khosrow III,§ Shahanshah, King of Kings (629)
• Borandukht, Shahanshah, King of Kings (629–630)
• Shapur-i Shahrvaraz,§ Shahanshah, King of Kings (630)
• Peroz II,§ Shahanshah, King of Kings (630)
• Azarmidokht, Shahanshah, King of Kings (630–631)
• Farrukh Hormizd,§ Shahanshah, King of Kings (630–631)
• Hormizd VI,§ Shahanshah, King of Kings (630–631)
• Khosrow IV,§ Shahanshah, King of Kings (631)
• Farrukhzad Khosrau V,§ Shahanshah, King of Kings (631)
• Boran, Shahanshah, King of Kings (631–632)
• Yazdegerd III, Shahanshah, King of Kings (632–651)

Europe

Europe: Central

• Gallic Empire (complete list) –

• Postumus, Emperor (260–268)^[6]
• Laelianus, Emperor, usurper (268)^[6]
• Marius, Emperor (268)^[6]
• Victorinus, Emperor (268–270)^[6]
• Domitian II, Emperor, usurper (c.271)^[7]
• Tetricus the elder, Emperor (270–274)^[6]
• Tetricus the younger, Caesar (270–274)
• Faustinus, Emperor, usurper (273–274)

• Alamannia, tribal kingdoms (complete list) –

• Chrocus, leader (fl.260–306)

Europe: East

• Bosporan Kingdom (complete list) –

• Sauromates II, client king under Rome (172–210)^[8]
• Rhescuporis III, client king under Rome (211–228)^[8]
• Cotys III, client king under Rome (228–234)^[8]
• Sauromates III, client king under Rome (229–232)^[8]
• Rhescuporis IV, client king under Rome (233–234)^[8]
• Ininthimeus, client king under Rome (234–239)^[8]
• Rhescuporis V, client king under Rome (240–276)^[8]
• Pharsanzes, client king under Rome (253–254)^[8]
• Teiranes, client king under Rome (276–278)^[8]
• Sauromates IV, client king under Rome (276)^[8]
• Theothorses, client king under Rome (279–309)^[8]

Europe: Southcentral

Roman Empire

• Roman Empire (complete list) –

• Septimius Severus, Emperor (193–211)
• Caracalla, Emperor (198–217)
• Geta, Emperor (209–211)
• Macrinus, Emperor (217–218)
• Diadumenian, Emperor (217–218)
• Elagabalus, Emperor (218–222)
• Severus Alexander, Emperor (222–235)
• Maximinus I, Emperor (235–238)
• Gordian I, Emperor (238–238)
• Gordian II, Emperor (238–238)
• Pupienus, Emperor (238–238)
• Balbinus, Emperor (238–238)
• Gordian III, Emperor (238–244)
• Philip the Arab, Emperor (244–249)
• Philip II, Emperor (247–249)
• Decius, Emperor (249–251)
• Herennius Etruscus, Emperor (251)
• Hostilian, Emperor (251)
• Trebonianus Gallus, Emperor (251–253)
• Volusianus, Emperor (251–253)
• Aemilianus, Emperor (253)
• Valerian, Emperor (253–260)
• Gallienus, Emperor (253–268)
• Saloninus, Emperor (260)
• Claudius Gothicus, Emperor (268–270)
• Quintillus, Emperor (270)
• Aurelian, Emperor (270–275)
• Tacitus, Emperor (275–276)
• Florian, Emperor (276)
• Probus, Emperor (276–282)
• Carus, Emperor (282–283)
• Numerian

• Caesar (282–283)
• Co-Emperor (283–284)

• Carinus

• Caesar (282–283)
• Co-Emperor (283–284)
• Emperor in civil war (284–285)

• Diocletian

• Emperor in civil war (284–285)
• Sole Emperor (285–286)
• Eastern Emperor (286–305)

• Maximian

• Caesar (285–286)
• Western Emperor (286–305)

• See also: List of Roman consuls

• Roman Empire: West –

• Maximian, Western Augustus (286–305)
• Constantius Chlorus, Western Caesar (293–306)

Eurasia: Caucasus

• Armenia: Arsacid dynasty (complete list) –

• Khosrov I, client King under Rome (198–217)
• Tiridates II, client King under Rome (217–252)
• Khosrov II, client King under Rome (c.252)
• Interregnum under Sasania
• Artavasdes IV, client King under Sasania (252–287)
• Tiridates III, client King under Rome (287–330)

• Kingdom of Iberia (Kartli) (complete list) –

• Rev I, King (189–216)
• Vache, King (216–234)
• Bacurius I, King (234–249)
• Mihrdat II, King (249–265)
• Aspacures I, King (265–284)
• Mirian III, King (284–361)

See also

• List of political entities in the 3rd century

References

1. Rajesh Kumar Singh (2013). Ajanta Paintings: 86 Panels of Jatakas and Other Themes. Hari Sena. pp. 15–16. ISBN 9788192510750.
2. [1] Further Light on the Paratarajas
3. According to Pakzadian, 2007: Unknown Kings 5th(E), 6th(F) and 7th(G)
4. According to Pakzadian, 2007: Unknown Kings 8th(H) and 9th(I)
5. According to Pakzadian, 2007: 10th Unknown client King under Parthia (J)
6. Drinkwater (1987), p. 102.
7. Richard Abdy. "The Domitian II coin from Chalgrove: a Gallic emperor returns to history". Retrieved 29 October 2013.
8. Mitchiner, Michael (1978). The Ancient & Classical World, 600 B.C.-A.D. 650. Hawkins Publications. p. 69. ISBN 978-0-904173-16-1.