Language or dialect name
|
Language family
|
Extinction date
|
Notes
|
References
|
Adai
|
unclassified
|
19th century
|
|
|
Ais
|
unclassified
|
18th century
|
|
|
Carolina Algonquian/Pamlico/Croatoan
|
Algic
|
1790s
|
|
|
Alsea/Yaquina
|
Language isolate
|
1942
|
Alsea and Yaquina are thought to be either two related languages or two dialects of the same language
|
|
Apalachee
|
Muskogean
|
18th century - Revival Attempt
|
|
|
Atakapa
|
Language isolate
|
20th century
|
|
|
Atsina/Gros Ventre
|
Algic
|
2007
|
Revival attempts underway
|
|
Atsugewi
|
Palaihnihan
|
1988
|
|
|
Awaswas
|
Utian
|
|
formerly known as "Santa Cruz"
|
|
Barbareño/Ineseño
|
Chumashan
|
1965
|
Revival attempts underway. Barbareño and Ineseño may be related dialects of the same language or closely related languages
|
|
Biloxi
|
Siouan
|
1930s
|
|
|
Cahto/Kato
|
Na-Dene
|
1960s
|
|
|
Calusa
|
unclassified
|
19th century
|
|
|
Catawba
|
Siouan
|
1959
|
|
|
Cayuse
|
unclassified
|
1930s
|
|
|
Chalon
|
Utian
|
|
|
|
Chehalis
|
Salishan
|
2001
|
|
|
Chemakum/Chimakum/Chimacum
|
Chimakuan
|
19th century
|
|
Chico/Valley Maidu
|
Maiduan
|
|
|
|
Chimariko
|
Language isolate
|
1950s
|
|
|
Chitimacha/Sitimaxa
|
Language isolate
|
1940
|
Revival attempts underway
|
|
Chiwere/Iowa-Otoe-Missouria/Báxoje-Jíwere-Ñút'achi
|
Siouan
|
1996
|
Revival attempts underway
|
|
Chochenyo
|
Utian
|
1934
|
Revival attempts underway
|
|
Coahuilteco
|
Pakawan
|
18th century
|
|
|
Columbia-Moses
|
Salishan
|
2 May 2023
|
|
[2]
|
Cowlitz
|
Salishan
|
20th century
|
Revival attempts underway
|
|
Cruzeño/Isleño/Island Chumash
|
Chumashan
|
1915
|
|
|
Cupeño
|
Uto-Aztecan
|
1987
|
|
|
Esselen
|
Language isolate
|
19th century
|
|
|
Etchemin
|
Algic
|
17th century
|
|
|
Eyak
|
Na-Dene
|
2008
|
Revival attempts underway
|
|
Galice/Galice-Applegate/Upper Rogue River
|
Na-Dene
|
1963
|
|
|
Hanis/Coos
|
Coosan
|
1972
|
|
|
Holikachuk
|
Na-Dene
|
2012
|
|
|
Central Kalapuya
|
Kalapuyan
|
1954
|
|
|
Kansa
|
Siouan
|
1982
|
|
|
Karankawa
|
unclassified
|
1858
|
|
|
Karkin
|
Utian
|
1950s
|
|
|
Kathlamet
|
Chinookan
|
1930s
|
|
|
Kiksht/Upper Chinook/Columbia Chinook/Wasco-Wishram
|
Chinookan
|
2012
|
|
|
Kitanemuk
|
Uto-Aztecan
|
1940s
|
|
|
Kitsai
|
Caddoan
|
1940
|
|
|
Klallam/Clallam/Ns'Klallam/S'klallam
|
Salishan
|
2014
|
Revival attempts underway
|
|
Klamath/Klamath–Modoc/Lutuamian
|
Plateau Penutian
|
2003
|
Revival attempts underway
|
|
Kwalhioqua-Clatskanie
|
Na-Dene
|
20th century
|
|
|
Loup
|
Algic
|
18th century
|
|
|
Luiseño
|
Uto-Aztecan
|
2010s
|
|
|
Lushootseed
|
Coast Salish
|
2008
|
Revival attempts underway
|
|
Mandan
|
Siouan
|
2016
|
Revival attempts underway
|
|
Massachusett/Natick/Wôpanâak/Pokanoket/Nonantum/Indian
|
Algic
|
19th century
|
Revival attempts underway
|
|
Mattole/Mattole-Bear River
|
Na-Dene
|
|
|
|
Miami-Illinois
|
Algic
|
20th century
|
Revival attempts underway
|
|
Miluk/ Lower Coquille
|
Coosan
|
1939
|
|
|
Bay Miwok
|
Utian
|
|
|
|
Coast Miwok
|
Utian
|
1970
|
|
|
Mohican/Mahican
|
Algic
|
1940s
|
Revival attempts underway
|
|
Mohegan-Pequot/Mohegan-Pequot-Montauk/Secatogue/Shinnecock-Poosepatuck
|
Algic
|
1908
|
Revival attempts underway
|
|
Molala
|
Plateau Penutian
|
1958
|
|
|
Mutsun
|
Utian
|
1930
|
Revival attempts underway
|
|
Nanticoke
|
Algic
|
1840s
|
|
|
Narragansett
|
Algic
|
18th-19th century
|
|
|
Natchez
|
Language isolate
|
1957
|
Revival attempts underway
|
|
Nawathinehena
|
Algic
|
19th century
|
|
|
Nicoleño
|
Uto-Aztecan
|
1853
|
|
|
Nooksack
|
Salishan
|
1988
|
Revival attempts underway
|
|
Northern Kalapuyan
|
Kalapuyan
|
1937
|
|
|
Nottoway/Cheroenhaka
|
Iroquoian
|
1838
|
Revival attempts underway
|
|
Obispeño
|
Chumashan
|
1917
|
|
|
Ofo
|
Siouan
|
20th century
|
|
|
Osage
|
Siouan
|
2005
|
As of 2009, 15-20 2L speakers and ongoing revival
|
|
Piro Pueblo
|
Tanoan
|
1900
|
|
|
Plains Apache
|
Na-Dene
|
2008
|
|
|
Central Pomo
|
Pomoan
|
20th century
|
|
|
Eastern Pomo/Clear Lake Pomo
|
Pomoan
|
|
|
|
Northeastern Pomo
|
Pomoan
|
1961
|
|
|
Powhatan/Virginia Algonquian
|
Algic
|
18th century
|
|
|
Purisimeño
|
Chumashan
|
|
|
|
Quileute
|
Chimakuan
|
1999
|
|
|
Quiripi/Mattabesic/Quiripi-Unquachog/Quiripi-Naugatuck/Wampano
|
Algic
|
20th century
|
|
|
Ramaytush
|
Utian
|
1915
|
|
|
Rumsen/Rumsien/San Carlos Costanoan/Carmeleno
|
Utian
|
1939
|
|
|
Salinan
|
|
1958
|
|
|
Serrano
|
|
2002
|
Revival attempts underway
|
|
Shasta
|
|
20th century
|
|
|
Siuslaw
|
Language isolate
|
1960
|
|
|
Susquehannock/Conestoga
|
Iroquoian
|
18th century
|
|
|
Takelma
|
|
1934
|
|
|
Tamien
|
Utian
|
|
|
|
Tataviam
|
Uto-Aztecan
|
1916
|
|
|
Tillamook
|
Salishan
|
1972
|
|
|
Timucua
|
Language isolate
|
18th century
|
|
|
Tongva/Gabrielino/Gabrieleño
|
Uto-Aztecan
|
20th century
|
Revival attempts underway
|
|
Tonkawa
|
Language isolate
|
1940s
|
|
|
Tübatulabal
|
Uto-Aztecan
|
2008
|
Revival attempts underway[3]
|
|
Tunica/Luhchi Yoroni/Tonica/Yuron
|
Language isolate
|
1948
|
Revival attempts underway
|
|
Tuscarora
|
Iroquoian
|
2020
|
|
|
Tutelo/Tutelo–Saponi
|
Siouan
|
1982
|
|
|
Tututni/(Lower) Rogue River/Upper Coquille/Nuu-wee-ya
|
Na-Dene
|
1983
|
Revival attempts underway
|
|
Twana/Skokomish
|
Salishan
|
1980
|
|
|
Upper Umpqua
|
Na-Dene
|
1950s
|
|
|
Unami
|
Algonquian
|
2002
|
|
|
Vanyume
|
Uto-Aztecan
|
|
|
|
Ventureño
|
Chumashan
|
20th century
|
|
|
Wailaki/Eel River Athabaskan
|
Na-Dene
|
1960s
|
|
|
Wappo
|
Yuki–Wappo
|
1990
|
|
|
Wichita
|
Caddoan
|
2016
|
|
|
Wintu
|
Wintuan
|
|
Revival attempts underway
|
|
Wiyot/Wishosk/Soulatluk
|
Algic
|
1962
|
|
|
Yana/Yanan
|
Language isolate
|
1916
|
|
|
Yoncalla/Southern Kalapuya/Yonkalla
|
Kalapuyan
|
1930s
|
|
|
Yurok/Chillula/Mita/Pekwan/Rikwa/Sugon/Weitspek/Weitspekan
|
Algic
|
2013
|
|
|