In October 2015 she was appointed vice-president of the Council of State, and in October 2018 she became the first female president of the court, following a unanimous vote.[6] Her election came after the Syriza government, which was in power at the time, considered her progressive record on issues such as the environment and human rights.[7]
She has been a member of the Association of Judiciary Functionaries of the Council of State. During her tenure at the association, she has served as its secretary-general (1985–1986), vice-president (2006–2008), and president (1993–1995, 2000–2001).[5]
She publishes regularly in academic journals. She has also contributed to the book Financial crisis and environmental protection in the case law of the Council of State (Greek: Οικονομική κρίση και προστασία του περιβάλλοντος στη νομολογία του Συμβουλίου της Επικρατείας), Papazisis Publications, 2017.[8]
On 15 January 2020, the Greek prime minister, Kyriakos Mitsotakis, nominated her for the post of president of the Hellenic Republic.[9][10] Though she was chosen as a non-partisan candidate, she was an unexpected choice as her progressive politics conflicted with Mitsotakis' centre-right politics.[7][11] She was elected to the post on 22 January 2020 with 261 MPs voting in favour in the 300-seat Parliament.[3]
Sakellaropoulou took office before the Hellenic Parliament on 13March of that year in a session with few legislators present, as the country was beginning to be severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the first restrictive measures had been ordered.[12] Upon being sworn in, she became the first woman to serve as Greece's president.[11]
Her presidency garnered praise for her historic role as the first female president,[14] yet it also faced heavy criticism for several issues, notably her perceived inaction concerning the violations of rule of law.[15][16][17] Moreover, her tenure was marked by historically low levels of popularity in presidential history.[18][19][20]