Jefferson Township was formed as a township by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on February 11, 1804, from portions of Pequannock Township and Roxbury.[24][25] The township was named after Thomas Jefferson, the President of the United States at the time the Township was created.[26][27] The township is situated in the northernmost part of Morris County bordering both Passaic and Sussex counties.
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the township had a total area of 42.77 square miles (110.8 km2), including 38.90 square miles (100.8 km2) of land and 3.88 square miles (10.0 km2) of water (9.06%).[1][2]
The township has two large divisions, Milton and Lake Hopatcong.[31] Each half has its own first-aid squad, fire department substation and set of elementary schools. Addresses in the Milton section of the township are classified under the Oak Ridge mailing city, which is shared with a portion of West Milford, or in the Newfoundland mailing area, shared with a portion of West Milford and Rockaway Township. Addresses in Lake Hopatcong use either Lake Hopatcong (not to be confused with the Hopatcong mailing city used in the Borough of Hopatcong) or Wharton as their mailing city. In 2016, there was an effort to change the mailing address for the Lake Shawnee section of town from a Wharton, NJ 07885 ZIP code, to a Lake Hopatcong, NJ 07849 ZIP code. The effort was narrowly defeated.[32] In 2026, a new effort will be made to change the mailing address ZIP code to Lake Hopatcong, NJ 07849.[33] The Jefferson Township Municipal Building, Middle School, High School, Recycling Center and school bus depot are positioned at the boundary between the two halves of the township.[citation needed]
Unincorporated communities, localities and place names located partially or completely within the township include Berkshire Valley, Bowling Green Mountain, Cozy Lake, Espanong, Halsey Island, Hurdtown, Lake Forest, Lake Hopatcong, Lake Swannanoa,[34] Lake Shawnee, Lake Winona, Longwood Mountains, Lower Longwood, Minisink, Moosepac Pond, Newfoundland, Nolans Point, Oak Ridge, Petersburg, Prospect Point, Raccoon Island, Russia, Upper Longwood, Weldon, Woodport, White Rock, and Woodstock.[35]
As of 2018[update] some residents on the portion along Lake Hoptacong with "Wharton" postal addresses state that they are from "Lake Shawnee"; people in that area, as of that year, do not state they are from "Wharton". Residents in the lake areas in the township state they are from particular localities. As of that year, in the section of Oak Ridge in Jefferson Township, the people there state they are from "Milton".[36]
Of the 7,830 households, 35.6% had children under the age of 18; 62.0% were married couples living together; 8.1% had a female householder with no husband present and 26.0% were non-families. Of all households, 20.7% were made up of individuals and 7.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.72 and the average family size was 3.19.[21]
24.6% of the population were under the age of 18, 7.1% from 18 to 24, 25.8% from 25 to 44, 31.7% from 45 to 64, and 10.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40.9 years. For every 100 females, the population had 100.5 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older there were 98.3 males.[21]
The Census Bureau's 2006–2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income was $92,095 (with a margin of error of +/− $6,923) and the median family income was $102,324 (+/− $6,788). Males had a median income of $73,152 (+/− $3,827) versus $51,933 (+/− $2,776) for females. The per capita income for the borough was $37,912 (+/− $1,795). About 2.6% of families and 3.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.2% of those under age 18 and 4.2% of those age 65 or over.[50]
2000 census
As of the 2000 United States census[17] there were 19,717 people, 7,131 households, and 5,448 families residing in the township. The population density was 485.3 people per square mile (187.4 people/km2). There were 7,527 housing units at an average density of 185.2 per square mile (71.5/km2). The racial makeup of the township was 96.14% White, 0.83% African American, 0.16% Native American, 1.07% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 0.62% from other races, and 1.14% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.41% of the population.[48][49]
As of the 2000 Census, 25.7% of residents identified their ancestry as Italian, 22.9% Irish, 21.7% German, 11.6% English and 10.0% Polish.[48]
There were 7,131 households, out of which 38.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.5% were married couples living together, 7.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.6% were non-families. 18.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.76 and the average family size was 3.17.[48][49]
In the township the age distribution of the population shows 26.9% under the age of 18, 5.5% from 18 to 24, 33.8% from 25 to 44, 25.2% from 45 to 64, and 8.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.8 males.[48][49]
The median income for a household in the township was $68,837, and the median income for a family was $76,974. Males had a median income of $51,359 versus $37,849 for females. The per capita income for the township was $27,950. About 1.0% of families and 2.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.2% of those under age 18 and 4.3% of those age 65 or over.[48][49]
Arts and culture
Newfoundland Train Station
Every year, the weekend following Independence Day, The Jefferson Arts Committee hosts a day of celebration known as Jefferson Township Day (it is colloquially referred to as "Jefferson Day"). Throughout the entire day, entertainment and festivities at the Jefferson Township High School are provided. Up until 2012 there would be a morning parade featuring the town's fire trucks, high school marching band and other local groups march down Weldon Road. Starting in 2013 the parade has been substituted with various activities such as a fishing contest, kids kart race and a road bowling tournament. There are a variety of activities set up on the Jefferson Township High School grounds for participants of Jefferson Day, including children's games, food and craft vendors, and performances at two stages. At night, the Jefferson Township Community Band, directed by Peter Tummillo Jr., performs before the display of fireworks.[51] Township resident Bill Child wrote an original song in September 2006, "My Sweet Home Jefferson", that has since been sung at many Jefferson Day celebrations.[52]
Amos Chamberlain built the George Chamberlain House as a wedding gift for his son George Chamberlain. George Chamberlain and his wife Ruth Elizabeth Speaker had two children, Raymond and Archie Chamberlain, who lived in the house until the 1890s, when the Chamberlain family moved out, and started renting the house to people up until 1960. The house was purchased from the Chamberlain family by the Friends of the Library in 1960, and refurbished the building for 19 years in order to turn it into a library, which they opened in 1979. From 1979 to 1982, the house was the Violet Riker Library, named after Violet Riker, who first initiated public library service in Jefferson. In 1982, the township acquired the library and began the process of turning it into a museum, after Emily Panek got a grant of $15,000 and $27,000 in donations. By 1984 the building had been completely repaired after they sandblasted the walls, replaced a hole in the front door, repaired the windows, and replaced the chestnut floors. The house is currently the Jefferson Township Museum.[53]
Government
Local government
Jefferson Township is governed under a Mayor-Council system of municipal government under the Faulkner Act. The township is one of 71 (of the 564) municipalities statewide that use this form of government.[54] The governing body is comprised of the Mayor and the five-member Township Council. All governing body officials are elected at-large in partisan elections to serve four-year terms on a staggered basis in even-numbered years as part of the November general election, with three council seats up together for election and then two council seats and the mayoral seat coming up for election together two years later.[6][55]
As of 2023[update], the Mayor of Jefferson Township is Republican Eric Wilsusen, whose term of office ends December 31, 2026.[3] Members of the Jefferson Township Council are Council President Melissa Senatore (R, 2026), Council Vice President Jay Dunham (R, 2024), Robert Birmingham (R, 2024), Josh Kalish (R, 2026) and H. Ronald Smith (R, 2024).[56][57][58][59][60][61][62]
In March 2021, Josh Kalish was selected from a list of three candidates nominated by the Republican municipal committee to fill the council seat expiring in December 2022 that had been held by Debi Merz Bennett until she stepped down from office the previous month.[63] Kalish served on an interim basis until the November 2021 general election, when he was elected to serve the balance of the term of office.[61][64]
In May 2017, Michael J. Sanchelli resigned from his seat expiring in December 2018, after being mandated to leave office due to issues related to his state pension which require him to be out of office for 180 days.[65]
In April 2016, the Township Council selected Kimberly Finnegan from three candidates nominated by the Republican municipal committee to fill the seat expiring in December 2016 that had been held by Richard W. Yocum until his resignation.[66]
Federal, state, and county representation
Jefferson Township is located in the 11th Congressional District[67] and is part of New Jersey's 25th state legislative district.[68]
Morris County is governed by a Board of County Commissioners composed of seven members who are elected at-large in partisan elections to three-year terms on a staggered basis, with either one or three seats up for election each year as part of the November general election.[75] Actual day-to-day operation of departments is supervised by County Administrator Deena Leary.[76]: 8 As of 2024[update], Morris County's Commissioners are:
The county's constitutional officers are:
Clerk Ann F. Grossi (R, Parsippany–Troy Hills, 2028),[84][85]
Sheriff James M. Gannon (R, Boonton Township, 2025)[86][87] and
Surrogate Heather Darling (R, Roxbury, 2024).[88][89]
Politics
As of March 2011, there were a total of 13,142 registered voters in Jefferson Township, of which 2,395 (18.2%) were registered as Democrats, 4,347 (33.1%) were registered as Republicans and 6,392 (48.6%) were registered as Unaffiliated. There were 8 voters registered as Libertarians or Greens.[90]
In the 2012 presidential election, Republican Mitt Romney received 58.2% of the vote (5,370 cast), ahead of Democrat Barack Obama with 40.7% (3,757 votes), and other candidates with 1.0% (94 votes), among the 9,279 ballots cast by the township's 13,742 registered voters (58 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 67.5%.[91][92] In the 2008 presidential election, Republican John McCain received 57.2% of the vote (6,040 cast), ahead of Democrat Barack Obama with 41.0% (4,335 votes) and other candidates with 1.1% (121 votes), among the 10,564 ballots cast by the township's 13,631 registered voters, for a turnout of 77.5%.[93] In the 2004 presidential election, Republican George W. Bush received 61.9% of the vote (5,946 ballots cast), outpolling Democrat John Kerry with 36.9% (3,542 votes) and other candidates with 0.8% (97 votes), among the 9,605 ballots cast by the township's 12,847 registered voters, for a turnout percentage of 74.8.[94]
In the 2013 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 70.6% of the vote (4,043 cast), ahead of Democrat Barbara Buono with 27.9% (1,596 votes), and other candidates with 1.6% (89 votes), among the 5,789 ballots cast by the township's 13,715 registered voters (61 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 42.2%.[95][96] In the 2009 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 63.4% of the vote (4,270 ballots cast), ahead of Democrat Jon Corzine with 26.8% (1,809 votes), Independent Chris Daggett with 8.5% (572 votes) and other candidates with 0.8% (56 votes), among the 6,738 ballots cast by the township's 13,397 registered voters, yielding a 50.3% turnout.[97]
Education
The Jefferson Township Public Schools serve students in pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade.[98] As of the 2018–19 school year, the district, comprised of seven schools, had an enrollment of 2,926 students and 267.5 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 10.9:1.[99] Schools in the district (with 2018–19 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics[100]) are
Milton School[101] with 175 students in grades Pre-K–K,
Ellen T. Briggs School[102] with 278 students in grades K–2,
Cozy Lake School[103] with 173 students in grades 1–2,
Arthur T. Stanlick School[104] with 280 students in grades 3–5,
White Rock Elementary School[105] with 325 students in grades 3–5,
Jefferson Township Middle School[106] with 728 students in grades 6–8 and
Jefferson Township High School[107] with 937 students in grades 9–12.[108][109]
As of May 2010[update], the township had a total of 133.62 miles (215.04 km) of roadways, of which 112.52 miles (181.08 km) were maintained by the municipality, 12.77 miles (20.55 km) by Morris County and 8.33 miles (13.41 km) by the New Jersey Department of Transportation.[110]
A few major roads pass through Jefferson. Interstate 80 passes through very briefly in the southern tip without any interchanges; the closest exits are 33 and 34 in neighboring Wharton. State routes include Route 15 (part of the "Sparta Bypass") in the southwest, Route 23 in the northeast (as it straddles the Passaic County border) and Route 181 in the southwest. Green Pond Road, officially CR 513, is the only major county road that passes through for a short stretch in the northeast section.
Public transportation
NJ Transit had provided local bus service on the 967 and MCM7 routes, which was terminated in 2010 after subsidies to local route operators were eliminated as part of budget cuts.[111][112]
^Home page, Jefferson Township. Accessed September 8, 2011. "Beautiful Jefferson Township is nestled deep in the northwest corner of Morris County, New Jersey. This countryside town is just minutes off of RT. 80 and located less than an hour from New York City."
^Staff. "Patch Call", FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, March 2011. Accessed September 8, 2011. "The patch of the Jefferson Township, New Jersey, Police Department centers on the naming of the department's jurisdiction. The township was incorporated in 1804, the same year as Thomas Jefferson's recorded inauguration as the third president of the United States. As such, the patch displays a profile bust of Thomas Jefferson, intersecting U.S. and New Jersey flags, and the year 1804."
^Willis, R. Richard; and Lees, Lorraine C. Jefferson Township on Lake Hopatcong, p. 7. Arcadia Publishing, 2001. ISBN0-7385-0077-1. Accessed November 20, 2011. "Jefferson Township is a large municipality that is separated into two major sections, Lake Hopatcong and Oak Ridge/Milton, with the Mahlon Dickerson County Park in the middle."
^Cella, Chris. "Jefferson Township officials need further discussion on Lake Swannanoa", Aim Jefferson, April 14, 2011. Accessed September 8, 2011. "At last week's Jefferson Town Council meeting there was a large turnout as many townspeople anxiously awaited the discussions regarding the Lake Swannanoa dam restoration. During the March 16 meeting over 40 people spoke out during the public portion of the meeting, voicing their opinions and thoughts as to whether or not the town should agree to pay for repairs on the Swannanoa dam, as proposed by the Lake Swannanoa Homeowners Association."
^Primerano, Jane. "Newark appealing watershed taxes against Jefferson", AIM Jefferson, May 8, 2015. Accessed July 2, 2015. "Besides West Milford and Jefferson, Newark owns watershed land in Hardyston, Vernon, and Rockaway Townships and Kinnelon Borough, Leach said."
^City of Newark v. Vernon Tp., Leagle from Tax Court of New Jersey, April 1, 1980. Accessed July 2, 2015. "Generally, the lands are part of the 35,000-acre Pequannock Watershed (approximately two times the size of Newark), which was purchased by Newark at the turn of the century to provide a water supply. The watershed, which contains five major bodies of water, is located in Vernon and Hardyston in Sussex County, Jefferson, Rockaway and Kinnelon in Morris County, and West Milford in Passaic County."
^Home page, Jefferson Arts Committee. Accessed November 23, 2008.
^Luciano, John R. "Jefferson Township Day XXIV rolls on", AIM Jefferson, July 16, 2010. Accessed June 10, 2015. "On stage, the evening festivities were ushered in by the Jefferson Township Jazz Band. Then local musician/songwriter Bill Child performed his original song, 'My Sweet Home Jefferson.'"
^Meeting Minutes for March 24, 2021, Jefferson Township. Accessed May 1, 2022. "Mr. Kalish was announced as Council’s appointment to fill the vacancy. Council President Senatore thanked all the candidates and said everyone was very qualified and to please stay actively involved in town. 7. OATH OF OFFICE Ms. Reilly administered the Oath of Office to Mr. Kalish."
^Special Meeting Minutes for February 24, 2021, Jefferson Township. Accessed May 1, 2022. "Council President Senatore said Councilwoman Bennett had an announcement to make. Councilwoman Bennett said she would like to formally let her fellow council members and the administration know that she is retiring and resigning her position. She said she has spent over thirty (30) years of her life in an elected capacity and probably three quarters of her life in volunteer positions and is now moving on to another phase in her life. Councilwoman Bennett stated that her retirement would be effective as of February 28th of this month."
^Luciano, Kelen. "Sanchelli Forced to Retire From Town Council by State Law", The Jefferson Chronicle, April 24, 2017. Accessed May 8, 2017. "Town Council Vice President Michael Sanchelli resigned from office effective May 1. He was forced to resign from office after retiring from the County of Morris and the Public Employee retirement system."
^Primerano, Jane. "Finnegan sworn in for Jefferson council, Harvin leaves post as clerk", AIM Jefferson, April 29, 2016. Accessed July 24, 2016. "She's been at countless council meetings in 22 years on the Jefferson Rescue Squad, but on Wednesday, April 20, Kim Finnegan took her place on the dais as the newest Jefferson Township Council member.... The township's Republican County Committee sent council three names as per state law and the four council members who remain after the resignation of Council President Richard Yocum and the governing body picked Finnegan who is now chief of the squad."
^Board of County Commissioners, Morris County, New Jersey. Accessed June 1, 2022. "Morris County is governed by a seven-member Board of County Commissioners, who serve three-year terms."
^Jefferson Township Board of Education District Policy 0110 - Identification, Jefferson Township Public Schools. Accessed June 2, 2020. "Purpose: The Board of Education exists for the purpose of providing a thorough and efficient system of free public education in grades K through 12 in the Jefferson Township School District. Composition: The Jefferson Township School District is comprised of all the area within the municipal boundaries of Jefferson Township."
^Izzo, Michael. "Goosebumps cover artist living in Budd Lake", Daily Record, October 26, 2015. Accessed September 25, 2024. "Jacobus, 56, has been a Morris County resident his whole life, living in Denville and Lake Hopatcong before settling in Budd Lake."
^Lustig, Jay. "NJ native Bob Malone finds inspiration in New Orleans music", NJArts.net, September 2, 2015. Accessed March 28, 2023. "Bob Malone grew up in Jefferson Township, yet in his piano playing, you hear the unmistakable stamp of New Orleans R&B."
^Varsallone, Jim. "Mae Young Classic alternate Purrazzo helps lead ROH Women of Honor", Miami Herald, August 25, 2017. Accessed August 21, 2018. "Born in Livingston and raised in Jefferson, New Jersey, Purrazzo is also attractive and vied for the title of Miss New Jersey USA....Purrazzo is a graduate of Jefferson Township High School."
^Hague, Jim. "Falcons end grid season on high note with win over Lodi", Aim Jefferson, November 19, 2010. Accessed March 29, 2012. "Freshman quarterback J.R. Reese finished with a flair. Reese completed all six of his passes Friday night for 75 yards and two touchdowns. The son of Giants general manager Jerry Reese has a very bright future with the Falcons and still has three years to fine tune his signal calling skills."
^Biography, YeoDoug.com. Accessed March 28, 2023. "Bass Trombonist Douglas Yeo was born in Monterey, California and grew up in Queens and Valley Stream, New York (where he began playing the trombone at the age of nine in the Hewlett-Woodmere school system), and Oak Ridge, New Jersey (where he graduated from Jefferson Township High School in 1973)."
