Διατήρηση της ειρήνης

Στρατιώτες του ΟΗΕ περιπολία στα σύνορα της Ερυθραίας-Αιθιοπίας

Ο όρος διατήρηση της ειρήνης σχετίζεται με δραστηριότητες που έχουν ως σκοπό τη διατήρηση της ειρήνης[1][2].

Στο πλαίσιο των Ηνωμένων Εθνών (ΗΕ) τα έθνη-κράτη, οι κυβερνήσεις και οργανώσεις, έχουν την κοινή αντίληψη ότι σε διεθνές επίπεδο, οι ειρηνευτικές διαδικασίες μπορούν να ελέγχουν και να παρατηρούν ειρηνευτικές διαδικασίες σε διαφορετικές περιοχές του κόσμου κατά την μεταπολεμική περίοδο και μπορούν να βοηθήσουν τα πρώην αντιμαχόμενα μέρη στην διατήρηση των δεσμεύσεων που υπέγραψαν κατά την ανακωχή. Τέτοιου είδους βοήθεια είναι δυνατόν να έχει διαφορετικές μορφές, όπως η οικοδόμηση μέτρων εμπιστοσύνης, οι διαπραγματεύσεις για την δίκαιη κατανομή ισχύος, η υποστήριξη για τη διεξαγωγή εκλογών, η ενίσχυση των κανόνων δικαίου, η οικονομική και κοινωνική ανάπτυξη. Οι ειρηνευτικές δυνάμεις του ΟΗΕ, για την επίτευξη του συγκεκριμένου στόχου χρησιμοποιούν στρατιώτες, αστυνομικούς και πολιτικό προσωπικό[1][3].

Τα ΗΕ δεν είναι ο μόνος οργανισμός που διεξάγει ειρηνευτικές αποστολές. Στους οργανισμούς που δεν ανήκουν στον ΟΗΕ περιλαμβάνεται η αποστολή του ΝΑΤΟ στο Κόσοβο (με την εξουσιοδότηση των ΗΕ) και η Πολυεθνική Δύναμη και Παρατηρητές στην Χερσόνησο του Σινά ή εκείνες που οργανώνονται από την Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση EUFOR RCA (με την εξουσιοδότηση των ΗΕ). Επίσης, η Μη Βίαια Ειρηνευτική Δύναμη είναι μη κυβερνητική οργάνωση εξειδικευμένη στην διατήρηση της ειρήνης με εθελοντικό προσωικό ή ακτιβιστές[4].

Παραπομπές σημειώσεις

  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 United Nations Peacekeeping. «Department of Peacekeeping Operations(DPKO)». United Nations Peacekeeping. Ανακτήθηκε στις 3 Οκτωβρίου 2012. 
  2. ↑ «United Nations Peacekeeping». Ανακτήθηκε στις 23 Οκτωβρίου 2014. 
  3. ↑ United Nations Peacekeeping. «Department of Field Support(DFS)». United Nations Peacekeeping. Ανακτήθηκε στις 3 Οκτωβρίου 2012. 
  4. ↑ Home Jobs Donate Offices. «Nonviolent Peaceforce». Nonviolent Peaceforce. Ανακτήθηκε στις 17 Ιουλίου 2012. 

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