Энеіда

Эней бяжыць з палаючай Троі, Федэрыка Барочы
Вергілій чытае Энеіду Аўгусту і Актавіі, Жан-Жазеф Тэясон, 1787
У паняцця ёсць і іншыя значэнні, гл. Энеіда (значэнні).

Энеі́да (лац.: Aenēis) — эпічны твор на лацінскай мове, аўтарам якога з'яўляецца Вергілій. Напісана паміж 29 і 19 г. да н.э. і прысвечана гісторыі Энея, легендарнага траянскага героя, які перасяліўся ў Італію з рэшткай свайго народа, які аб'яднаўся з лацінамі і заснаваў горад Лавіній, а сын яго Асканій (Юл) заснаваў горад Альба Лонга.

Паэма напісана дактылічным гекзаметрам і складаецца з 12 кніг, прычым першыя 6 пераймаюць «Адысею», а іншыя 6 — «Іліяду». Храналогія ў «Энеідзе» наўмысна парушана; апроч згадвання падзення Троі, у тэксце няма аніякіх іншых храналагічных «зачэпак». У сутнасці паэма з'яўляецца не гістарычнай, а прапагандысцкай — яна праслаўляе дынастыю Юліяў, якая нібы паходзіць ад сына Энея, Юла.

Папулярнасць

Як класічны твор на лацінскай мове «Энеіда» стала навучальным дапаможнікам па яе вывучэнні; гэта, адпаведна, зрабіла яе крыніцай перайманняў (Лузіяды, Расіяда) і пародый.

У канцы XVII — пачатку XIX стст. у еўрапейскай літаратуры ўзнік цэлы шэраг перайманняў «Энеідзе» ў духу бурлеска і травесціі. Адно з гэтых перайманняў (аўтар Іван Катлярэўскі) з'яўляецца першым вершаваным творам на ўкраінскай мове, блізкай да сучаснай. Аналагічна, ля вытокаў беларускай паэзіі стаіць паэма «Энеіда навыварат» Вікенція Равінскага (1820-я гады).

Крылатыя фразы з «Энеіды»

Літаратура

  • Топоров В. Н. Эней — человек судьбы (к «средиземноморской» персонологии): [В 2 ч.]. Ч. 1. — М.: Радикс, 1993. — 195 с.
  • Гобза И. О. О сравнениях, встречающихся в «Энеиде» Вергилия. — М.: Тип. Г. Лисснера и Д. Собко, 1912. — 46 с.
  • Гобза И. О. Различные виды тропа метонимии, встречающиеся в «Энеиде» Вергилия. — М.: Тип. Г. Лисснера и Д. Собко, 1916. — 28, [2] с.

Спасылкі

Лагатып Вікіцытатніка
Лагатып Вікіцытатніка
У Вікікрыніцах ёсць тэксты па тэме
Энеіда

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