Канструктывізм (мастацтва)

Канструктывізм (ад лац.: constructio — пабудова) — кірунак у мастацкай культуры (архітэктура, выяўленчае і тэатральнае мастацтвы, літаратура) Еўропы і Амерыкі першай трэці XX ст., які імкнуўся да «канструявання» навакольнага асяроддзя, якое актыўна накіроўвае жыццёвыя працэсы, да стварэння «мастацтва для ўсяго народа».

Прадстаўнікі канструктывізму проціпастаўлялі прастату і падкрэслены ўтылітарызм новых прадметных форм, рэчаў і інш. паказной раскошы. Найбольшае распаўсюджанне канструктывізм атрымаў у архітэктуры, дзе для яго былі ўласцівы збліжэнне мастацтва з практыкай індустрыяльнага побыту, асіметрычнасць контураў будынкаў, агаленне тэхнічнага боку пабудоў, шырокае выкарыстанне шкла замест сцен, жалезабетону, плоскіх дахаў і г.д.

У Беларусі рысы канструктывізму праявіліся ў 1920-1930-я г. у архітэктуры Віцебска і Мінска, як, напрыклад, комплекс БДУ (1928—1931); стары будынак Нацыянальнай бібліятэкі Беларусі (1932), клуб металістаў у Віцебску, (1932), Дом культуры ў Бабруйску (1927—1930) і інш.

Літаратура

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