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Telephone numbers in Russia
	Zones of ABC codes by subjects.; 8XX is used for Sevastopol, Donetsk, Luhansk, Zaporizhzhia, and Kherson.
Location
Country	Russia
Continent	Europe
Regulator	Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications of the Russian Federation
Type	Closed
NSN length	10
Format	(ABC) xxx-xx-xx
Numbering plan	Russian Federation
Last updated	2016
Access codes
Country code	7
International access	8~xx (dial 8, wait for dial tone, and dial international carrier selection code)
Long-distance	8

Telephone numbers in Russia are administered by Roskomnadzor, and Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Communications of the Russian Federation.^[1] Russia's National Numbering Plan (NNP) is a four-level telephone numbering plan with local, zone, country, and international scopes, implementing a closed numbering plan, in which the number of digits of all national significant numbers (NSN) assigned to subscriber telephones is fixed at ten,^[2] with three digits for the area code, and a seven-digit subscriber number which includes a zone code of up to two digits. Internationally, Russia participates in the numbering plans of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) provided by recommendations E.164 and E.123, using the telephone country code 7.

Russia shares its numbering plan with Kazakhstan, designating two area codes for routing calls to that country.

History

After the breakup of the Soviet Union, the country used an open numbering plan, having a varying number of digits. Local telecommunications regulators had planned to abandon this system by 2009, but postponed the changeover until 2010,^[3] later pushed once more until 2012^[4] and finally approved for implementation in the period of 2020–2025.^[5]

Historically, country code 7 was used as the country calling code for all of the Soviet Union. Following the Soviet break-up, all of its former republics, save for Russia and Kazakhstan, switched to new country codes. Following Abkhazia's unrecognized claim to have seceded from Georgia, Abkhazia switched to the Russian telephone codes 7 840 for landlines and 7 940 for mobile phones, although it still can be reached via the Georgian telephone code 995 44.^[6]

Long-distance and international prefixes

The international dialing prefix in Russia is "8", callers dial "8", area code, and number. The long-distance prefix is "8". Plans exist to change those prefixes to "0" for national and "00" for international dialing,^[7] to be implemented by 2020.^{[needs update]}

Placing long-distance and international calls

For reaching long-distance and international destinations from a fixed line, a subscriber may select from two services: Pre-Select or Hot-Choice. With Pre-Select, the subscriber calls a prescribed free number (8-800-333-0990 for MTT or 8-800-100-2525 RT) and signs up initially for service. They may also sign a statement at the phone company indicating their choice of provider. With this provider, the prefixes and dialing procedures for non-local calls are the ones currently in use.

The default regulation in Moscow is Hot-Choice (not available yet on all exchanges; regional operators apply their own regulation depending on availability). Available operators are:

Rostelecom^[8]
Interregional TransitTelekom (MTT)^[9]
Golden Telecom (Sovintel (GT))—not active on consumer market^[10]
TransTelekom (TTK)—not active on consumer market^[11]
Orange—not active on consumer market^[12]
Comstar—only active in Moscow^[13]
Arctel—not active on consumer market^[14]
Synterra Media—not active on consumer market^[15]

The dialing pattern for Hot-Choice subscribers is different. After dialing "8", the subscriber waits for a tone and then dials the operator code (OC) either for a long-distance call or an international call.

Operator	Long-distance call code	International call code
RT	55	10
MTT	53	58
GT	51	56
TTK	52	57
Orange	54	59
Arctel	21	26
Synterra	22	27
Comstar	23	28

Dialing pattern

Note: the tone signal after dialing "8" is compulsory on old analog exchanges and optional on digital exchanges.

Calls within a city or region

xxx-xx-xx (exception: Moscow—see below), e.g.:

3-45-67
22-33-44
234-56-78

Local phone numbers in Russia may be made up of five (x-xx-xx), six (xx-xx-xx), or seven (xxx-xx-xx) digits.

Moscow City has three area codes assigned: 495, 498 and 499:

when calling from any zone to 499: 8 499 xxx-xx-xx
when calling from any zone to 498: 8 498 xxx-xx-xx
when calling from any zone to 495: 8 495 xxx-xx-xx

Calls between these codes are local calls and are not charged at long-distance rates.

Calls between cities/regions within Russia

Pre-Selected Operator: 8-tone-ABC xxx-xx-xx (where ABC is the area code)

e.g. 8 812 234-56-78 (to St. Petersburg)

Hot-Choice Operator selection: 8-tone-OC ABC xxx-xx-xx (where OC is the Operator Code and ABC is the area code)

e.g. 8-53 812 234-56-78 (to St. Petersburg via MTT)

International calls from Russia

Pre-Selected Operator: 8-tone-10 International number

e.g. 8-10 44 20 7946-0123 (to London/UK)

Hot-Choice Operator selection: 8-tone-OC International number where OC is the Operator Code

e.g. 8-58 44 20 7946-0123 (to London/UK via MTT)

Calls from outside Russia

+7 ABC xxx-xx-xx
where ABC is the area code

Area codes

First digit of code	Routed to
0	Not used (Reserved for long-distance and international prefix)
1	Not used (Used to designate the first digit of the number for access to custom and information and reference services organized by operators of networks of fixed zonal, long-distance and international telephone communications)
2	Reserved (for common usage with Kazakhstan)^{[citation needed]}
3	Geographic codes
4	Geographic codes
5	Reserved
6	Used for numbers in Kazakhstan^[16]
7	Used for numbers in Kazakhstan^[16]
8	Geographic codes, Toll-Free, and Pay-Line (for common usage with Kazakhstan and Abkhazia)
9	Mobile, GSM, & Pay-Line (code 940 is for Abkhazia mobiles)

List of area codes in Russia

The dialing code range 4xx was introduced on 1 December 2005 to replace 0xx, in order to make it possible to adopt the ITU convention of 0 and 00 dialing prefixes for local and international dialing respectively. The old '095' dialing code, along with 19 other Russian area codes starting with '0', expired on 31 January 2006.^[17]

On 7 May 2022, following the annexation of Donetsk and Luhansk by Russian forces, the two oblasts were integrated into the Russian numbering plan.

Region	Area code	Old code (inactive)	Remarks
Republic of Adygea	877
Altai Krai	385
Altai Republic	388
Amur Oblast	416
Arkhangelsk Oblast and Nenets Autonomous Okrug	818
Astrakhan Oblast	851
Republic of Bashkortostan	347
Belgorod Oblast	472	072
Bryansk Oblast	483	083
Republic of Buryatia	301
Vladimir Oblast	492	092
Volgograd Oblast	844
Vologda Oblast	817, 820
Voronezh Oblast	473	073
Republic of Dagestan	872
Donetsk People's Republic	856	+380 62 (Ukrainian plan)	062 was used for the Donetsk Oblast under the Soviet-era numbering plan; the corresponding code under the current Russian plan, 462, is unused.
Jewish Autonomous Oblast	426
Sverdlovsk Oblast	343
Ivanovo Oblast	493	093
Republic of Ingushetia	873
Irkutsk Oblast	395
Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria	866
Kaliningrad Oblast	401	011
Republic of Kalmykia	847
Kaluga Oblast	484	084
Kamchatka Krai	415
Republic of Karachay–Cherkessia	878
Republic of Karelia	814
Kemerovo Oblast	384
Kirov Oblast	833
Komi Republic	821
Kostroma Oblast	494	094
Krasnodar Krai	861, 862
Krasnoyarsk Krai	391
Kurgan Oblast	352
Kursk Oblast	471	071
Leningrad Oblast	813
Lipetsk Oblast	474	074
Luhansk People's Republic	857	+380 64 (Ukrainian plan)	064 was used for the Luhansk Oblast under the Soviet-era numbering plan; the corresponding code under the current Russian plan, 464, is unused.
Magadan Oblast	413
Republic of Mari El	836
Republic of Mordovia	834
Moscow City	495, 499	095
Moscow Oblast	496, 498	096
Murmansk Oblast	815
Nizhny Novgorod Oblast	831
Novgorod Oblast	816
Novosibirsk Oblast	383
Omsk Oblast	381
Orenburg Oblast	353
Oryol Oblast	486	086
Penza Oblast	841
Perm Krai	342
Primorsky Krai	423
Pskov Oblast	811
Rostov Oblast	863
Ryazan Oblast	491	091
Samara Oblast	846, 848
Saint Petersburg	812
Saratov Oblast	845
Sakhalin Oblast	424
Republic of North Ossetia–Alania	867
Smolensk Oblast	481	081
Stavropol Krai	865, 879
Tambov Oblast	475	075
Republic of Tatarstan	843, 855
Tver Oblast	482	082
Tomsk Oblast	382
Tula Oblast	487	087
Republic of Tyva (Tuva)	394
Tyumen Oblast	345
Republic of Udmurtia	341
Ulyanovsk Oblast	842
Khabarovsk Krai	421
Republic of Khakassia	390
Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug	346
Chelyabinsk Oblast	351
Republic of Chechnya	871
Zabaykalsky Krai	302
Republic of Chuvashia	835
Chukotka Autonomous Okrug	427
Republic of Crimea	365	+380 65 (Ukrainian plan)	065 was used for the Crimean Oblast under the Soviet-era numbering plan; the corresponding code under the current Russian plan, 465, is unused.
Sakha Republic (Yakutia)	411
Sevastopol	869	+380 69 (Ukrainian plan)	069 was used for Sevastopol under the Soviet-era numbering plan; the corresponding code under the current Russian plan, 469, is unused.
Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug	349
Yaroslavl Oblast	485	085

Toll-free & pay-line codes

Code	Service
800	FPH: Freephone
862	FPH: Fixed
801	AAB: Automatic alternative billing
802	CCC: Credit card calling
803	VOT: Televoting
804	UAN: Universal access number
805	PCC: Prepaid card calling
806	ACC: Account card calling
807	VPN: Virtual private network
808	UPT: Universal personal Telecommunication
809	PRM: Premium rate
881–899	Reserved
900–953 955–969 972–999	Mobile networks
954	Satellite operators
970	Telematic services
971	Data transfer services

Special numbers (emergencies)

Number	Service	Old (active)
101	Fire brigade	01
102	Police	02
103	Ambulance	03
104	Gas service	04
112	General emergency
107	Directory assistance, Rostelecom	07
109	Directory assistance (free, limited info)	09
009	Directory assistance (pay service, 35 rubles/min.) in Moscow
100	Talking clock in Moscow
115	Information on electronic government services^[18]

In a press conference in December 2013 Minister of Emergency Situations, Vladimir Puchkov said that the unified system runs in a full pilot mode from 2014 and will fully enter to operational mode in 2016.^[19]