Share to: share facebook share twitter share wa share telegram print page

Super Mario 3D Land

Super Mario 3D Land
Mario is jumping in an area with various enemies and blocks. A shadow behind him features him wearing the "Tanooki Suit". The game's logo appears underneath.
Packaging artwork
Developer(s)Nintendo EAD Tokyo
Publisher(s)Nintendo
Director(s)Koichi Hayashida
Producer(s)Yoshiaki Koizumi
Designer(s)Daisuke Tsujimura
Programmer(s)Hideyuki Sugawara
Artist(s)Kenta Motokura
Composer(s)
SeriesSuper Mario
Platform(s)Nintendo 3DS
Release
  • JP: November 3, 2011
  • NA: November 13, 2011
  • EU: November 18, 2011
  • AU: November 24, 2011
Genre(s)Platform
Mode(s)Single-player

Super Mario 3D Land[a] is a 2011 platform game developed and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo 3DS. It was released worldwide in November 2011, being the first Mario game to be released for the 3DS.

Super Mario 3D Land combines elements from both traditional 2D side-scrolling games and modern free-roaming 3D games in the Mario series. It also introduces new additional gameplay mechanics and power-ups. The main story is similar to previous Super Mario titles, centering on Mario's efforts to rescue Princess Peach, who has been kidnapped by Bowser.

The game was released to critical acclaim, with critics praising the amount of creativity and technical design presented within the game, though the utilization of 3D in the gameplay was met with a more mixed reception. As of March 31, 2024, the game was a commercial success, having sold 12.88 million copies worldwide, making it the seventh best-selling game for the 3DS. It was also the first 3DS game to sell over five million copies. Nintendo released the game as a downloadable title via Nintendo eShop in 2012. A sequel, titled Super Mario 3D World, was released for the Wii U in November 2013 and for the Nintendo Switch in February 2021.

Gameplay

Mario jumping in World 1-1. The player's extra lives and reserved power-up can be viewed and accessed from the touchscreen.

Super Mario 3D Land is a platform game that has been described by game designer Shigeru Miyamoto as a "3D Mario that plays as a 2D Mario game".[1] As such, Super Mario 3D Land combines the elements of traditional side-scrolling video game titles, such as linear-based levels, with those of the modern open world titles, such as moving Mario in three dimensions and performing a variety of actions.[1] Similar to the older side-scrolling Mario games, the health system revolves around Mario shrinking upon taking damage from enemies or hazards, there is a dedicated "Dash" button as opposed to using analog input to determine travel speed, and damage as "Small Mario" results in losing a life. Mario has also learned two new moves: a barrel roll and a roll jump, the former of which can be used to break blocks in a similar manner to jumping at blocks from below or ground pounding, and the latter allowing Mario to cover much horizontal ground in one jump. Super Mario 3D Land utilizes a similar level objective to the aforementioned side-scrolling games, in which the point of each level is to reach and grab the "Goal Pole" at the end of the level, within the time limit.[1][2]

The game offers a number of traditional Mario items, such as the Super Mushroom, Fire Flower and Starman, along with new power-ups that bestow special suits onto Mario and grant him new abilities.[3] Returning from Super Mario Bros. 3 is the Super Leaf power-up, which gives Mario the Tanooki suit, allowing him to float in the air and attack with his tail, with a later variant also allowing him to transform into a statue upon performing a ground pound.[4] The player is able to reserve an extra power-up, which can be retrieved by tapping the item visible on the touchscreen.[4]

Other items include the Boomerang Flower, which allows Mario to throw boomerangs that can collect out-of-reach items and attack enemies; the Propeller Box, which allows Mario to reach high places; and the rare Prize Box, which gives Mario extra Coins while walking around in it.[3][5] The Invincibility Leaf, which appears after the player dies five times in a level, gives Mario invincibility and Tanooki Suit abilities; while the P-Wing, which appears after the player dies ten times in a level, sends the player right to the end of the level, near the Goal Pole. (The invincibility leaf and the P-wing are only available in regular worlds.)[6] Each course contains three hidden Star Medals that are required to unlock certain levels.[7] The map screen also contains Toad Houses where players can visit Toad and receive additional items, and Mystery Boxes where more Star Medals can be earned. After clearing the game once, a set of "Special" levels are unlocked, some of which contain additional challenges, such as a 30-second time limit.[8] Clearing the S1 castle unlocks Luigi as a playable character, who has slightly different handling to Mario.[4]

Super Mario 3D Land utilizes the Nintendo 3DS's autostereoscopic technology, allowing players to perceive depth when viewing the game screen. While the game is designed to not require the 3D effect, some obstacles or points of interest are deliberately more noticeable or easier when the 3D is switched on.[1] Super Mario 3D Land also utilizes optional use of the 3DS gyroscope, which can be used to control cannons and binoculars.[1] The game also features StreetPass functionality, allowing players to exchange Mystery Boxes containing bonus items.[6] StreetPass also gives players another Toad house so they can get items.[6]

Plot

During a storm, a tail-like branched tree called the "Tail Tree", which stands on Princess Peach's castle grounds, is stripped of all its leaves. The leaves, which turn out to be Super Leaves, were in reality taken by Bowser who is using them to bestow Squirrel Tails on his minions granting them new abilities such as limited flight. Unaware of this situation at first, when Mario and the Toads go to inspect the tree the next day they discover a letter from Bowser, learning that he has kidnapped the princess. Mario sets off in pursuit to locate and rescue the princess, learning in the process of Bowser's intentions for using the aforementioned stolen Super Leaves. After rescuing her, the Toads and Mario return to the Mushroom Kingdom with Tanooki Suits while Mario carries the princess. Mario's actions lead to the restoration of the Tail Tree. However, a photo falls to the ground revealing Luigi behind bars with a Koopa Troopa and Peepa, beginning Mario's quest into the Special World 1.

After rescuing Luigi, Mario and Luigi go on his quest in completing the other 7 Special worlds. After Luigi and Mario complete the Special 8 Castle level, a new letter falls to the ground far away in an open plain. The three Toads who helped Mario earlier on investigating the letter and discover that Bowser has kidnapped Peach once again. After Peach is rescued once again by Luigi and Mario, another photo is found with Peach in a Tanooki Suit.

Development

Super Mario 3D Land screenshots shown at GDC 2011

Super Mario 3D Land was developed by Nintendo EAD Tokyo,[9] which had previously developed Super Mario Galaxy and Super Mario Galaxy 2, with assistance from Brownie Brown, another subsidiary of Nintendo.[10] Super Mario Galaxy 2 game director Koichi Hayashida directed the game, and the game music was composed by Takeshi Hama, Mahito Yokota and Asuka Hayazaki. Super Mario 3D Land took two years to develop, starting from a development team of two people and ending with a team of 30.[11] The game was first announced by Shigeru Miyamoto in November 2010, stating that both the 3D Mario game as well as a 2D Mario title were in the works for the Nintendo 3DS.[12] Miyamoto described the 3D game as "completely original" and a cross between Super Mario Galaxy and Super Mario 64.[13][14]

Super Mario 3D Land was designed to bridge the gap between 2D Mario games and 3D Mario games,[15] and influenced by Miyamoto's philosophy of keeping the games fun in nature and making sure the player had the utmost opportunity to enjoy the experience of the game.[16] A main concern during development was making a game that would appeal to fans of the 2D Super Mario games as well as the 3D games; levels were designed so that the player would not get lost, moving Mario in one general direction towards each level's goal.[17]

One of the inspirations behind the creation of the game was technological advances that made it possible to implement certain elements that could not be done in previous Mario games.[9] Satoru Iwata explained that "since 1996, when Mario appeared in 3D in Super Mario 64, it's always been hard for players to judge how to jump and hit a block floating in a 3D space," musing that the Nintendo 3DS autostereoscopy allowed for this issue to be fixed.[9] The development team, which only had experience developing on consoles rather than handhelds, first tried playing Super Mario Galaxy 2 on a small television monitor. When it was found that Mario was too small to see and thus difficult to control, 3D Land's camera system and level terrain needed to be designed for viewing on the small Nintendo 3DS screen, making it easier for players to keep track of Mario.[18] Certain aspects of gameplay were inspired by Nintendo's The Legend of Zelda franchise, including the way that the camera functioned during certain moments. Ideas that were ultimately not incorporated into 3D Land included a pro skater suit for Mario, the ability to change Mario's size to the extreme, and a feature that replaces Princess Peach's face with a photographed face.[16] The game's title was chosen as an homage to the Super Mario Land games released on the Game Boy.[19]

Super Mario 3D Land development was heavily affected by the Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami that occurred on March 11, 2011. The disaster caused public transportation to shut down, preventing Nintendo staff from being able to commute to work, and the Tokyo office remained closed for about a week. Hayashida was inspired by the disaster to encourage his team to communicate more, setting up the office such that staff members could easily see and discuss each other's work. The team also started holding group meetings to play-test 3D Land's levels.[10] Hayashida later mentioned that the team expressed hope that the game would inspire joy in spite of the tragedy.[16]

Satoru Iwata revealed the game at the 2011 Game Developer's Conference and pointed out that the game's tentative logo sported a tail, stating that its purpose would be revealed at E3 2011.[20] Miyamoto later stated that "it's what you think it is", alluding to the Tanooki Suit, a power-up originally from Super Mario Bros. 3.[21] While no exact release date was announced, Miyamoto stated that he hoped to release the game during 2011.[22] The game was showcased at Nintendo's press conference at E3 2011, where a 2011 release date was confirmed, along with the appearance of the Tanooki Suit.[23] While the power-up allows Mario to float down gently, unlike Super Mario Bros. 3 he cannot fly.[23]

Super Mario 3D Land was first released in Japan on November 3, 2011. It was then released in North America on November 13,[24] Europe on November 18,[25] and in Australia on November 24.[26] It was released on the Nintendo eShop in 2012.[27][28][29]

Reception

Critical response

Super Mario 3D Land received critical acclaim. It received an aggregated score of 90.09% on GameRankings[30] and 90/100 on Metacritic.[31] The game sold over 343,000 copies in its first week in Japan, helping to move over 145,000 Nintendo 3DS units.[42] Famitsu awarded Super Mario 3D Land a score of 38/40, praising level design, accessibility for beginners and the use of 3D.[33] IGN gave the game a score of 9.5 and an Editor's Choice award, calling it "brilliant and addictive" and stating that "3D gaming has never been fully realized before this".[38] GamesRadar gave the game a score of 9/10, praising its wealth of content, although criticising the inclusion of a run button and some easy difficulty.[36] Game Informer gave 3D Land a 9.5/10, saying "it lives up to the level of quality set by previous entries and is easily the best reason to own a 3DS". They also complimented the use of both a run button and the 3D effects while criticising the "lack of variety in boss battles".[7]

1UP.com's Jeremy Parish gave the game a less favorable review, noting that certain aspects of the game were too easy in nature, musing a "moderately skilled player is never in danger of running out of lives in Super Mario 3D Land". He however noted that the game was creative in its presentation, and offered "clever new twists on the familiar to the knuckle-biting intensity of the final stages."[8] Justin Haywald of GamePro gave the game a perfect score, writing that Nintendo successfully captured the nostalgic aesthetic of the series, while still maintaining technical innovation. He reported, "for every familiar bit of music or a level background that reminds you of Mario games past, you have new abilities to use and deviously designed platforming sections that feel completely unique", while stating that the inclusion of 3D was mostly a gimmick.[35]

GameSpot stated that the game lacked some of the more creative aspects of the best of the series, stating that the 3D was mostly optional, though praised the gameplay as entertaining and fast-paced.[6] X-Play's Russ Frushtick felt that Super Mario 3D Land was the best game yet released for the 3DS, praising the content as surprisingly vast in nature and claiming that the game was twice as long as initially gauged.[2] The game won the "Best Handheld Game" award in the 2011 Spike Video Game Awards.[43] Super Mario 3D Land was awarded the "Best Platform Game Award", and Nintendo 3DS Game of the Year 2011 by GameTrailers.[44] During the 15th Annual Interactive Achievement Awards, the Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences awarded Super Mario 3D Land with "Handheld Game of the Year".[45]

Sales

Super Mario 3D Land sold 3.09 million units in the U.S. as of August 2014.[46] In Japan, the game has sold over 1.66 million units as of August 1, 2012.[47] It was the first 3DS game to sell over five million copies.[48] Overall, the game has sold 12.88 million copies worldwide as of March 31, 2024, making it the seventh best-selling game for the 3DS.[49]

PETA controversy

Super Mario 3D Land's release prompted criticism from animal-rights organization PETA, who created a browser game titled Mario Kills Tanooki alleging that the "Tanooki suit" powerup promoted the live skinning of animals for fur. PETA received negative attention for the game, which led to a response claiming it was a "tongue-in-cheek, a fun way to call attention to a serious issue".[50]

Notes

  1. ^ Japanese: スーパーマリオ3Dランド, Hepburn: Sūpā Mario Surī Dī Rando

References

  1. ^ a b c d e George, Richard (September 13, 2011). "TGS: Super Mario 3D Land – Regaining What Was Lost". IGN. Archived from the original on January 11, 2013. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
  2. ^ a b c Frushtick, Russ (November 9, 2011). "Super Mario 3D Land Review for 3DS". G4. G4 Media. Archived from the original on March 11, 2013. Retrieved December 16, 2011.
  3. ^ a b Gilbert, Henry (October 10, 2011). "Super Mario 3D Land has Boomerang Suit (and 75 new screens)". GamesRadar. Future Publishing. Archived from the original on March 7, 2014. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
  4. ^ a b c Gilbert, Henry (October 27, 2011). "Super Mario 3D Land has playable Luigi and Tanooki statues in Japanese videos". GamesRadar. Future Publishing. Archived from the original on November 6, 2013. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
  5. ^ Totilo, Stephen (October 20, 2011). "Super Mario Honors Zelda in His Next Game by Tossing a Boomerang". Kotaku. Archived from the original on May 21, 2013. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
  6. ^ a b c d e McGee, Maxwell (November 18, 2011). "Super Mario 3D Land Review – GameSpot.com". GameSpot. CBS Interactive. Archived from the original on July 20, 2012. Retrieved December 16, 2011.
  7. ^ a b c Vore, Bryan (November 9, 2011). "Super Mario 3D Land Review – Super Mario 3D Land – 3DS". GameInformer. Archived from the original on September 15, 2012. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
  8. ^ a b c Parish, Jeremy (November 9, 2011). "Super Mario 3D Land Review for Nintendo 3DS from 1UP.com". 1UP. Archived from the original on March 15, 2015. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
  9. ^ a b c Reilly, Jim (March 2, 2011). "GDC: Super Mario 3DS Revealed". IGN. Archived from the original on April 15, 2012. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
  10. ^ a b Kohler, Chris (March 29, 2012). "How Super Mario Survived the Quake". Wired News. Archived from the original on July 27, 2012. Retrieved August 11, 2012.
  11. ^ Gantayat, Anoop (November 12, 2011). "Shigeru Miyamoto is Very Busy (playing Mario and Zelda)". Andriasang. Archived from the original on January 19, 2012. Retrieved August 12, 2012.
  12. ^ Gantayat, Anoop (November 2, 2011). "3DS to Have 3D and 2D Mario Games". Andriasang. Archived from the original on December 25, 2012. Retrieved August 16, 2012.
  13. ^ Nathan Brown (April 21, 2011). "Miyamoto Reveals More On Mario 3DS". Edge Magazine. Future Publishing. Archived from the original on June 12, 2012. Retrieved April 21, 2011.
  14. ^ Hoggins, Tom (May 5, 2011). "Shigeru Miyamoto interview". Telegraph Media Group. Archived from the original on May 6, 2011. Retrieved May 6, 2011.
  15. ^ Drake, Audrey (November 30, 2011). "Bridging the Gap Between 2D and 3D Mario". IGN. Archived from the original on June 24, 2020. Retrieved June 21, 2020.
  16. ^ a b c Gilbert, Henry (March 7, 2012). "An inspiring development to find joy in the face of national tragedy". GamesRadar. Future Publishing. Archived from the original on September 3, 2014. Retrieved June 16, 2012.
  17. ^ Totilo, Stephen (November 23, 2011). "Nintendo Hopes Their Newest Mario Game is the Series' Much-Needed 'Missing Link'". Kotaku. Archived from the original on January 18, 2012. Retrieved September 4, 2012.
  18. ^ Drake, Audrey (November 30, 2011). "The Creation of Super Mario 3D Land". IGN. Archived from the original on December 6, 2011. Retrieved August 12, 2012.
  19. ^ Ishaan (September 13, 2011). "Super Mario 3D Land Pays Homage To Super Mario Land And Super Mario Bros. 3". Siliconera. Archived from the original on November 28, 2011. Retrieved August 12, 2012.
  20. ^ Gilbert, Henry (March 2, 2011). "Nintendo reveals new Super Mario for 3DS". GamesRadar. Future Publishing. Archived from the original on October 10, 2022. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
  21. ^ Moriarty, Colin (June 7, 2011). "E3 2011: You'll Play Super Mario 3DS This Year". IGN. Archived from the original on May 24, 2012. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
  22. ^ Plunkett, Luke (April 21, 2011). "Super Mario 3DS Might Be Out This Year?". Kotaku. Archived from the original on February 28, 2012. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
  23. ^ a b "Super Mario 3D – Preview". EuroGamer. June 20, 2011. Archived from the original on June 20, 2019. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
  24. ^ Scullion, Chris (August 12, 2011). "TGS: Super Mario 3D Land, Mario Kart 7 Release Dates". IGN. Archived from the original on December 24, 2011. Retrieved September 13, 2011.
  25. ^ "Super Mario 3D Land release date confirmed". Official Nintendo Magazine. Archived from the original on October 6, 2011. Retrieved September 13, 2011.
  26. ^ "Super Mario 3D Land". Nintendo. Archived from the original on March 25, 2012. Retrieved October 10, 2011.
  27. ^ Jackson, Mike (October 4, 2012). "Nintendo launches early 3DS games on EU eShop today". ComputersandVideoGames.com. Archived from the original on October 5, 2012. Retrieved October 5, 2012.
  28. ^ Goldfarb, Andrew (October 4, 2012). "Mario Kart 7, Zelda, Mario 3D Land, Star Fox 3D on 3DS eShop". IGN. Archived from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved October 5, 2012.
  29. ^ McFerran, Damien (October 3, 2012). "More 3DS Download Titles Coming To Japan's eShop". Nintendo Life. Archived from the original on October 5, 2012. Retrieved October 4, 2012.
  30. ^ a b "Super Mario 3D Land for 3DS". GameRankings. November 13, 2011. Archived from the original on August 17, 2012. Retrieved December 16, 2011.
  31. ^ a b "Super Mario 3D Land for 3DS Reviews, Ratings, Credits, and More at Metacritic". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Archived from the original on April 24, 2014. Retrieved December 16, 2011.
  32. ^ "Super Mario 3D Land review". Archived from the original on November 12, 2011. Retrieved November 15, 2011.
  33. ^ a b "Famitsu – review score details, Miyamoto talks Super Mario 3D Land". Famitsu (via GoNintendo). October 26, 2011. Archived from the original on November 4, 2013. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
  34. ^ "Super Mario 3D Land Reviews". Giant Bomb. November 14, 2011. Archived from the original on November 17, 2011. Retrieved November 19, 2011.
  35. ^ a b Staff (November 9, 2011). "Nintendo Super Mario 3D Land Game Review | PCWorld". PC World. Archived from the original on February 16, 2019. Retrieved January 11, 2012.
  36. ^ a b "Super Mario 3D Land review". GamesRadar. Future Publishing. November 9, 2011. Archived from the original on May 19, 2012. Retrieved December 16, 2011.
  37. ^ "Super Mario 3D Land Video Game, Review". GameTrailers.com. November 13, 2011. Archived from the original on November 22, 2011. Retrieved December 16, 2011.
  38. ^ a b Drake, Audrey (November 9, 2011). "Super Mario 3D Land Review – Nintendo 3DS Review at IGN". IGN. Archived from the original on November 12, 2011. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
  39. ^ Scullion, Chris (November 9, 2011). "Super Mario 3D Land review – Official Nintendo Magazine". Official Nintendo Magazine (UK). Archived from the original on August 5, 2012. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
  40. ^ "Super Mario 3D Land Review". Archived from the original on February 19, 2014. Retrieved November 17, 2011.
  41. ^ "Super Mario 3D Land for Nintendo 3DS Review". Nintendo Life. November 9, 2011. Archived from the original on August 26, 2012. Retrieved November 9, 2011.
  42. ^ "Super Mario 3D Land Sells 343,492, Propels 3DS Sales". Anime News Network. December 12, 2011. Archived from the original on December 13, 2011. Retrieved December 16, 2011.
  43. ^ "Spike VGA 2011 Winners". Spike. December 10, 2011. Archived from the original on November 18, 2011. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
  44. ^ Staff (December 20, 2011). "Best Platform Game". GameTrailers. Viacom. Archived from the original on October 8, 2012. Retrieved July 16, 2012.
  45. ^ "2012 Awards Category Details Handheld Game of the Year". interactive.org. Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences. Archived from the original on August 16, 2024. Retrieved November 21, 2023.
  46. ^ Wawro, Alex (August 15, 2014). "Pokémon beats Mario to most popular 3DS game". Gamasutra. UBM plc. Archived from the original on August 19, 2014. Retrieved August 16, 2014.
  47. ^ Anoop, Gantayat (August 1, 2012). "Weekly Sales: Persona 4, Nayuta no Kiseki Join Mario at Top". Andrisang. Archived from the original on December 25, 2012. Retrieved August 3, 2012.
  48. ^ "Super Mario 3D Land first 3DS game to sell over 5 m". Eurogamer. January 27, 2012. Archived from the original on April 29, 2015. Retrieved April 24, 2013.
  49. ^ "Top Selling Software Sales Units – Nintendo 3DS Software". Nintendo. March 31, 2020. Archived from the original on July 5, 2013. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
  50. ^ Crecente, Brian. "PETA: That Whole Bloody Mario Thing Was Just a Joke (UPDATE)". Kotaku. Gawker Media. Archived from the original on November 18, 2011. Retrieved January 30, 2017.

Read other articles:

Ur

Halaman ini berisi artikel tentang kota kuno di Mesopotamia. Untuk penggunaan lain, lihat Ur (disambiguasi). Ur

Quyền LGBT ở Các Tiểu vương quốc Ả Rập Thống nhấtCác Tiểu vương quốc Ả Rập Thống nhấtTình trạng hợp pháp của quan hệ cùng giớiLuật bất hợp pháp: Hồi giáo Sharia được áp dụngHình phạt:Phạt tù, tử hình, phạt tiền, thiến hóa học, tra tấn, đánh đập, đánh roi và trục xuất người nước ngoài[1][2][3]Bản dạng giớiNhững người liên giới tính có thể điều ch...

Celeste Celeste en vivo en el Roskilde Festival, (2018).Datos generalesOrigen Lyon,  FranciaEstado ActivoInformación artísticaGénero(s) Black metalSludge metalPost-hardcoreHardcore punkPeríodo de actividad 2005 - actualmenteDiscográfica(s) Nuclear BlastDenovali RecordsArtistas relacionados Mihai EdrischMiembros Johan GirardeauGuillaume RiethAntoine RoyerSébastien DucottéExmiembros Antoine[editar datos en Wikidata] Celeste es una banda francesa proveniente de Ly...

Bagian dari seri PolitikBentuk dasar dari pemerintahan Struktur kekuatan Konfederasi Federasi Hegemoni Kerajaan Negara kesatuan Sumber kekuatan Demokrasi Langsung Perwakilan Semi lainnya Kerajaan Mutlak Konstitusi Oligarki Aristokrasi Junta militer Kleptokrasi Plutokrasi Stratokrasi Timokrasi Otokrasi Otoritarianisme Despotisme Diktatur (Kediktatoran) Totalitarianisme Republik Parlementer Presidensial Semi presidensial Lainnya Anarki Anokrasi Khilafah Kritarsi Meritokrasi Oklokrasi Parti...

جامعة سنترال ميشيغان معلومات التأسيس 1892  الموقع الجغرافي إحداثيات 43°35′23″N 84°46′39″W / 43.5898°N 84.7775°W / 43.5898; -84.7775  الرمز البريدي 48859[1]  البلد الولايات المتحدة  إحصاءات عدد الطلاب 27836 15465 (1 سبتمبر 2021)[2]  عدد الموظفين 2500 (سبتمبر 2020)[1]  الموقع ...

Coordenadas: 46° 38' N 1° 4' E Le Blanc   Comuna francesa    Símbolos Brasão de armas Localização Le BlancLocalização de Le Blanc na França Coordenadas 46° 38' N 1° 4' E País  França Região Centro-Vale do Loire Departamento Indre Características geográficas Área total 57,51 km² População total (2018) [1] 6 541 hab. Densidade 113,7 hab./km² Código Postal 36300 Código INSEE 36018 Le Blanc é uma comuna francesa ...

Wolfgang Pagenstecher schuf das Wappen Nordrhein-Westfalens (1946) und das neue Wappen der Rheinprovinz (1926), das 1954 das Wappen des Landschaftsverbands Rheinland wurde. Wolfgang Pagenstecher (* 16. März 1880 in Elberfeld; † 26. Dezember 1953 in Düsseldorf) war ein deutscher Landschafts-, Tier- und Porträtmaler der Düsseldorfer Schule und Heraldiker. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Leben 2 Werke 3 Literatur 4 Weblinks 5 Einzelnachweise Leben Wolfgang Pagenstecher war der dritte Sohn des Sanitä...

الحُرض. الحُرض[1][2][أ] أو الأُشنان[3][4][ب] أو ملح القِلي[5] أو القلِي[6] اختصارًا أو البوتاس[ج][7] أو البُوطَاس[8] (باللاتينية: Potash)هو ملح يستخرج من رماد أخشاب بعض النباتات[9] وهو شكل غير نقي لكربونات البوتاسيوم (K2CO3). يوجد البوتاس على...

يفتقر محتوى هذه المقالة إلى الاستشهاد بمصادر. فضلاً، ساهم في تطوير هذه المقالة من خلال إضافة مصادر موثوق بها. أي معلومات غير موثقة يمكن التشكيك بها وإزالتها. (ديسمبر 2018) الأرجنتين كأس العالم 2002 الاتحاد المشرف اتحاد الأرجنتين لكرة القدم البلد المضيف  كوريا الجنوبية و ا...

Risk communication is a complex cross-disciplinary academic field that is part of risk management and related to fields like crisis communication. The goal is to make sure that targeted audiences understand how risks effect to them or their communities by appealing to their values.[1][2] Risk communication is particularly important in disaster preparedness,[3] public health,[4] and preparation for major global catastrophic risk.[3] For example, the impa...

Carl Sandburg (1955) Carl Sandburg Carl August Sandburg (* 6. Januar 1878 in Galesburg in Illinois; † 22. Juli 1967 in Flat Rock, North Carolina) war ein US-amerikanischer Dichter, Romanautor, Journalist und Historiker. Bekanntheit erlangt er durch seine Gedichte und seine Biographie von Abraham Lincoln, für die er den Pulitzer-Preis erhielt. Insbesondere im deutschsprachigen Raum wurde die Zeile aus seinem Gedicht The People, Yes „Sometime they’ll give a war and nobody will come“ (...

4th-century Christian cleric and saint This article is about the French saint. For the Caribbean island, see Saint Martin (island). For other uses, see Saint Martin (disambiguation). SaintMartin of ToursStatue of Saint Martin cutting his cloak in two. Höchster Schloss, Höchst.Bishop and ConfessorBorn316 or 336Savaria, in the Diocese of Pannonia, present Szombathely, HungaryDied(397-11-08)8 November 397 (aged 60–81)Candes, GaulVenerated inCatholic ChurchEastern Orthodox ChurchOriental...

Lana Del Rey awards and nominationsDel Rey at the 2013 Echo AwardsAwards and nominationsAward Wins Nominations Billboard Music Awards 0 1Billboard Women in Music 2 2Brit Awards 2 5Critics' Choice Movie Awards 0 2Golden Globe Awards 0 1Grammy Awards 0 11MTV Europe Music Awards 3 7MTV Video Music Awards 1 6People's Choice Awards 0 1Satellite Awards 1 2Variety Hitmakers Awards 1 1 Totals[a]Wins40Nominations102Note ^ Certain award groups do not simply award one winner. They recognize seve...

Obsolete congressional district Vermont's 2nd congressional districtObsolete districtCreated179118211825Eliminated181018201930Years active1791–18131821–18231825–1933 VT-2 redirects here. The term may also refer to U.S. Route 2 in Vermont. Vermont's 2nd congressional district is an obsolete district. It was created upon Vermont's admission as the 14th state in 1791. It was eliminated after the 1930 census. Its last congressman was Ernest W. Gibson, who was redistricted into the at-large ...

Entertainment One, Ltd.Sebelumnya Records On Wheels Limited (1970–1980) ROW Entertainment (1980–2005) Entertainment One Income Fund (2005–2009) E1 Entertainment (2009–2010) JenisDivisi Dari HasbroIndustriHiburanDidirikan1970; 53 tahun lalu (1970)PendiriDarren ThroopKantorpusatToronto, Ontario, KanadaWilayah operasiSeluruh duniaTokohkunci Darren Throop (CEO) Steve Bertram (Presiden, Film & Televisi) Olivier Dumont (Presiden, Family Brands) Produk Film Televisi Realitas virtual...

This article does not cite any sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: 1965 South Africa rugby union tour of Scotland and Ireland – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (June 2019) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) 1965 South Africa rugby union tour of Scotland and IrelandSummaryP W D L Total05 00 01 04Test match02 00 00 0...

Television station in Southern New South Wales & ACTCTCSouthern New South Wales & ACTCityCanberraChannelsDigital: 6 (VHF)Virtual: 5Branding10ProgrammingAffiliations10OwnershipOwnerSouthern Cross Austereo(Australian Capital Television Pty Ltd)HistoryFounded19 May 1958; 65 years ago (1958-05-19)First air date2 June 1962; 61 years ago (1962-06-02)Former channel number(s)Analog: 7 (VHF) (1962–2012)Former affiliationsIndependent (2 June 1962 – 31 Mar...

Piala Konfederasi FIFA 2013Copa das Confederações da FIFABrasil 2013[1]Logo resmi Piala Konfederasi FIFA 2013Informasi turnamenTuan rumahBrasilJadwalpenyelenggaraan15–30 JuniJumlahtim peserta8 (dari 6 konfederasi)Tempatpenyelenggaraan6 (di 6 kota)Hasil turnamenJuara Brasil (gelar ke-4)Tempat kedua SpanyolTempat ketiga ItaliaTempat keempat UruguayStatistik turnamenJumlahpertandingan16Jumlah gol68 (4,25 per pertandingan)Jumlahpenonton797.646 (...

Historic site in Somerset, EnglandVen HouseLocationMilborne Port, Somerset, EnglandCoordinates50°57′49″N 2°27′18″W / 50.96361°N 2.45500°W / 50.96361; -2.45500 Listed Building – Grade IDesignated24 March 1961[1]Reference no.1056286 Location of Ven House in Somerset Ven House in Milborne Port, Somerset, England is an English manor house[note 1] that has been designated as a Grade I listed building.[1] Construction of the smaller...

Erotic attraction to shoes This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Shoe fetishism – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (September 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) An example of shoe fetishism: a model licking a platform heel. Shoe fetishism is the attribution of att...

Kembali kehalaman sebelumnya