List of earthquakes in Greece

Map of earthquakes in Greece and adjacent countries 1900–2023

This list of earthquakes in Greece includes notable earthquakes that have affected Greece during recorded history. This list is currently incomplete, representing only a fraction of the possible events.

Tectonic setting

Greece is located at the complex boundary zone in the eastern Mediterranean between the African plate and the Eurasian plate. The northern part of Greece lies on the Eurasian plate while the southern part lies on the Aegean Sea plate. The Aegean Sea plate is moving southwestward with respect to the Eurasian plate at about 30 mm/yr while the African plate is subducting northwards beneath the Aegean Sea plate at a rate of about 40 mm/yr. The northern plate boundary is a relatively diffuse divergent boundary while the southern convergent boundary forms the Hellenic arc.^[1]

These two plate boundaries give rise to two contrasting tectonic styles, extension on east–west trending fault zones with strike-slip tectonics on SW-NE trending fault zones throughout west and central Greece, Peloponnese and the northern Aegean and contractional in the southern Aegean, continuing around to the Ionian Islands. The south Aegean is the location of the volcanic arc and is characterised by extension. To the east of Crete along the Hellenic Arc, strike-slip tectonics with some extension become important.^[1]

The strongest earthquakes historically are those associated with the Hellenic Arc, although none larger than about 7.2 have been observed instrumentally. The events of AD 365 and 1303 are likely to have been much larger than this. In mainland Greece, normal faulting gives earthquakes up to 7 in magnitude, while in the northern Aegean, strike-slip events with a magnitude of 7.2 have been recorded. Large intermediate depth (>50 km) earthquakes of magnitude >7 from within the subducting African plate have been recorded but such events cause little damage, although they are widely felt.^[1]

Earthquakes

Date	Place	Lat	Lon	Deaths	Mag.	MMI	Comments	Sources
2022-01-09	Florina, Western Macedonia	40.842	21.376		5.5 Mw	VII	Several houses and buildings were damaged in Florina, while one uninhabited house collapsed in the village of Agia Paraskevi. Two people were hospitalized.[2][3]	USGS[4]
2021-10-12	Lasithi	35.193	26.256		6.4 Mw	VIII	A chapel was destroyed following the earthquake in the village of Xerokampos.[5]	USGS[6]
2021-09-27	Crete	35.252	25.260	1	6.0 Mw	VIII		USGS[7]
2021-03-03	Larissa	39.755	22.176	1	6.3 Mw	VIII	1 death[8] 3 injures	USGS[9]
2020-12-02	Thiva	38.33	23.4644		5.1 Mw	VI	A cemetery was completely destroyed in the village of Kallithea, while in the same village a displacement of 6 cm was observed.	[10][11]
2020-10-30	Near Samos, Aegean Sea	37.897	26.795	119	7.0 Mw	X	Greece:19 people injured and 2 teenagers (15 and 17) killed. Turkey:The earthquake injured an addition 1,034 and killed 114 people in the coastal city İzmir, Turkey.[12][13]	USGS[14]
2020-03-21	Parga, Epirus	39.357	20.638		5,7Mw	VII	The earthquake was particularly felt in Thesprotia and Preveza where people took to the streets, It was also felt in Ioannina, Arta, Corfu and in general in the wider area, the earthquake caused serious damage in Kanalaki.[15] (2 injures)	USGS[16]
2019-11-27	Aegean Sea, offshore Antikythera	35.63	23.21		6.1 Mw	VI	Depth of focus reached 56 km, making it perceived from more than 300 km away. Some damage.[17]	CNN[18]
2019-07-19	Athens	38.095	23.525		5.3 Mw	VII	7 injured and material damage to buildings, the epicenter of the earthquake was 23 km northwest of Athens and the focal depth was 10 km[19]	USGS[20]
2019-03-30	Galaxidi	38.366	22.394		5.4 Mw	VII	Minor damage was observed inside the buildings, while in Patras poles came out of their house[21]	USGS[22]
2018-10-26	Ionian Sea, offshore Zakynthos	37.478	20.56		6.8 Mw	VI	Sea level changes were observed, prompting a local tsunami warning.	USGS[23]
2017-07-21	Kos	36.57	27.27	2	6.6 Mw	VII	150 people injured in Greece, 370 injured in Turkey and two dead	BBC
2017-06-12	Lesbos	38.93	26.37	1	6.3 Mw	IX	10+ people injured, significant damage across parts of the island
2015-11-17	Lefkada	38.67	20.6	2	6.5 Mw	VIII	Four injured, A landslide in Egremni Beach two people dead.	[24]
2014-05-24	Limnos	38.11	23.60	3	6.9 Mw	VIII	3 deaths and 324 injuries reported in Greece, dozens of houses collapsed.	[25]
2008-07-15	Dodecanese	35.93	27.81	1	6.4 Mw	VII
2008-06-22	Methoni, Messenia, Peloponnese	36.00	21.90		6.0 Mw	VIII	There were four foreshocks before the main event / Earthquake swarm starting 14 February	[26]
2008-06-08	Peloponnese	37.96	21.53	2	6.4 Mw	VIII	240 injured
2008-02-20	Methoni, Messenia, Peloponnese	37.96	21.53		6.1 Mw	V	Earthquake swarm	[27]
2008-02-14	Methoni, Messenia, Peloponnese	37.96	21.53		6.7 Mw & 6.6 Mw	V+	Back to back seismic events in the span of two hours approximately / Minor damage / Earthquake swarm that continued throughout the year	[28]
2008-01-06	Leonidio, Arcadia				6.6 Mw			[29]
2006-01-08	Kythira	36.26	23.46	1	6.7-6.9 Mw	VII	Three injured	[30]
2005-10-18	Zakynthos				6.0 Mw		No injuries or damage	[31]
2003-08-14	Lefkada	39	21		6.4 Mw	VIII		[32]
2002-01-22	Crete – Karpathos	35.56	26.73		6.6 Mw		No injuries or damage	[33]
1999-09-07	Athens	38.06	23.51	143	6.0 Mw	IX	1,600 injured / $3–4.2 billion in damage
1995-06-15	Aigio	38.40	22.28	26	6.4 Mw	VIII	60 injuries / $660 million in damage	NGDC,[34]
1995-05-13	Kozani–Grevena	40.15	21.70		6.6 Mw	VIII	12-25 injured / $450 million in damage	NGDC,[35]
1990-12-21	Goumenissa – Edessa	40.92	22.36	1	6.1 Mw	VI	1 killed in Edessa/ 60 injured	USGS[36]
1990-06-16	Preveza (regional unit)	39.1	20.4		6.0 M	VI	1 injured	[37]
1988-10-16	Kyllini, Elis				6.0 M			[38]
1986-09-13	Kalamata	37.01	22.18	20+	6.0 Mw	X	300 injured / $5 million in damage	[39]
1981-12-19	Lesbos	39.00	25.26		7.2	VIII	7 buildings collapsed	[40]
1981-02-24	Athens – Eastern Gulf of Corinth, Halcyon Islands.	38.22	22.93	20–22	6.7 Ms	IX	500 injured / $812 million in damage / 22,554 buildings destroyed around Athens/ Local tsunami. 2 strong earthquakes followed (6.4 Ms and 6.3 Ms )	[41][42]
1980-07-09	Almyros, Magnesia (regional unit)	39.27	22.83		6.5	VIII	24 injured / 5,222 buildings completely destroyed	[43]
1978-06-20	Thessaloniki	40.6	23.2	45–50	6.2–6.5 Mw	VIII	100–220 injured	[44]
1973-11-29	Palaiochora, Crete	35.18	23.75		6.0 Mw	VII+		[45]
1968-02-19	Agios Efstratios, Aegean Sea	39.37	25.96	20	7.1–7.2 Mw	X	39 injuries / Local tsunami	NGDC,[46]
1967-05-01	Drosopighe, Arta (regional unit)	39.47	21.25	9	6.4	IX	56 injured	[47]
1966-10-29	Katouna, Aetolia-Acarnania	38.78	21.11	1	6.0	VIII	43 injured	[48]
1966-09-01	Megalopolis, Greece, Arcadia	37.39	22.14		6.0	VIII	24 injured	[49]
1966-02-05	Kremasta (lake), Evrytania	39.05	21.75	1	6.2	IX	65 injured / 731 buildings collapsed	[50]
1965-07-06	Erateini, Phocis	38.27	22.30	1	6.3	VIII	6 injured / 575 buildings collapsed	[51]
1965-04-09	Kandanos, Crete	35.13	24.31		6.1	VI+		[52]
1965-04-05	Apiditsa, Arcadia	37.40	22.10	18	6.1	VIII	17 injured / 1,426 buildings collapsed	[53]
1965-03-09	Alonnisos	39.16	23.89	2	6.1	IX	2 injured / 1941 buildings collapsed	[54]
1959-05-14	Pitsidia, Crete	35.00	24.72		6.3	VIII+	8 injured	[55]
1957-04-25	Rhodes	36.50	28.60		7.2	VIII	In Turkish coast there were 18 fatalities and 3,000 buildings destroyed	[56]
1956-07-09	Amorgos	36.67	25.957	53	7.5 Mw	IX	Triggered a tsunami that affected the entire Aegean Sea / 100 injuries	[57]
1955-07-16	Samos – Agathonisi	37.55	27.05		6.9	VIII	2 injured	[58]
1955-04-19	Lechonia, Magnesia (regional unit)	39.37	23.00	1	6.2	VIII	41 injured	[59]
1954-04-30	Sofades, Karditsa (regional unit)	39.28	22.29	25–31	6.7-7.0 Mw	IX	6,559 buildings destroyed	[60][61]
1953-10-21	Kandila, Aetolia-Acarnania	38.60	20.96		6.3	VIII		[62]
1953-08-09	Cephalonia, Zakynthos	38.18	20.94	445–800	6.4 Mw, 6.8 Mw & 7.2 Mw	X	Two foreshocks and one major earthquake occurred in the span of three days / 2,412 injured / The islands of Cephalonia, Zakynthos and Ithaca were leveled. From the 33,300 buildings of these three islands, 27,659 were completely destroyed	[63]
1947-10-06	Messenia, Peloponnese	36.96	21.68	3	7.0	IX	20 injured	[64]
1941-03-01	Larissa, Thessaly	39.67	22.54	40	6.3	VIII	100 injured / In Larissa, 10% of the city's buildings have been completely destroyed and 60% seriously damaged	[65]
1938-07-20	Oropos, East Attica	38.29	23.79	18	6.0	VIII	107 injured / 8,000 homeless	[66]
1933-04-23	Kos	36.8	27.3	74-200	6.6	IX–X	600 injuries	[67][68]
1932-09-26	Ierissos	39.8	23.8	161–491	7.0 Ms	X	Tsunami / 669 injuries / 4,106 buildings destroyed	[69]
1928-04-22	Corinth	38	23	20	6.0 Ms	IX	3,000 homes destroyed / tsunami	NGDC
1917-12-24	Nafpaktos	38.40	21.70		6.0	VIII		[70]
1914-11-27	Lefkada	38.72	20.62	16	6.3	IX	Small tsunami	,[71][72]
1904-08-11	Samos	37.66	26.93	4	6.8	VIII	7 injuries / 540 buildings destroyed	[73]
1902-08-11	Assiros, Thessaloniki (regional unit)			5	6.6 Mw	IX		[74]
1895-05-14	Paramythia, Thesprotia			75	6.3 Mw		46 injuries	[75]
1894-04-27	Atalanti	38.65	23.08	255	6.7 Mw & 7.0 Mw	XI	Two earthquakes, 7 days apart / 3,783 buildings destroyed	[76]
1893-05-23	Thebes	38.31	23.25	2	6.2	VIII		[77]
1893-04-17	Zakynthos				6.4	IX	From 4,500 buildings of the island, 2,000 were completely destroyed	[78]
1889-10-13/14	Lesbos			36	6.7		200 injuries	[79]
1893-02-09	Samothrace	40.59	25.53	1	6.8	IX	10-20 injuries	[80]
1886-08-27	Filiatra	37.10	21.50	326–600	7.5	X	796 injuries / 6,000 buildings collapsed or severely damaged / 123 villages destroyed/ Tsunami	NGDC,[81]
1881-04-03	Chios, Çeşme, Alaçatı	38.30	26.20	3,550	6.5-7.3	XI	7,000 injured	[82]
1870-08-01	Arachova	38.48	22.55	117	6.8	VIII	380 injured / 2,000 buildings destroyed	[83]
1869-12-16	Lefkada			15	6.4		Only 20-25 houses were saved	[84]
1867-03-07	Lesbos	39.2	26.4	550	6.8-7.0	X	816 injured / 10,275 buildings were damaged	NGDC,[85]
1867-02-04	Lixouri, Cephalonia	38.4	20.2	200–224	7.2	X	2,612 buildings collapsed	NGDC,[86]
1866-01-31	Santorini				6.1	VIII	The volcano of Nea Kameni erupted and began creating two islets	[87]
1865-07-23	Lesbos			10	6.7	IX		,[88][79]
1861-12-26	Valimitika, Achaea	38.25	22.16	20	6.7	IX	Tsunami wave at the Gulf of Corinth	[89]
1858-02-09	Corinth			21	6.7		65 injuries	[90]
1856-10-12	Rhodes, Crete	35.5	26	538	8.2	XI	638 injuries / 16,512 homes destroyed / tsunami	NGDC,[91]
1853-08-18	Thebes, Greece			13	6.8		Destroyed most of the buildings of city of Thebes	NGDC,[92]
1846-06-11	Messini, Messenia			30	6.5		2,500 buildings destroyed	NGDC,[93][94]
1840-10-30	Zakynthos	38	21	12		X		NGDC
1837-03-20	Hydra (island), Saronic Gulf			1	6.2 Mw	VII		[95]
1829-05-05	Xanthi, Western Thrace	41.1	24.5		7.3 Mw	IX	The city of Xanthi was almost destroyed. Drama (X) was almost completely destroyed, as well as many villages in the municipal county.	[96]
1825-01-19	Lefkada				6.5 Mw	X		[97]
1817-08-23	Helike				6.6 Mw
1810-02-16	Crete, Heraklion	35.5	25.6	2,000	7.5 Mw	X
1804-06-08	Patras	38.1	21.7	10	6.4 Mw	IX		[98][99]
1752-07-29	East Thrace	41.41	26.61	>100	7.5 Mw	VIII	The cities of Havsa (IX) and Haskoy were leveled while Andrianoupolis (Edirne) and other cities of East Thrace suffered great damage.	[100][101]
1630-03-09	Crete
1481-05-03	Rhodes	36.0	28.0	30,000	7.1 Ms	X	Tsunami
1303-08-08	Crete, Alexandria	35.0	27.0	Many thousands	~8	IX	Triggered a major tsunami; severely damaged the Lighthouse of Alexandria
Dec 856	Corinth	37.9	22.9	45,000				[102]
515	Rhodes						Ambraseys states that the death toll in this nighttime event was high and that the damage was severe	[103]
365-07-21	Crete, Alexandria	35.0	23.0	Many thousands	8.5+		Raised part of Crete 9 metres, causing severe damage and triggering a tsunami that devastated Alexandria
226 BC	Rhodes	36.43	28.21				Toppled the Colossus of Rhodes
426 BC	Skarfeia, Euboic Gulf	38.85	22.78	2,550	7.0	IX	The historian Thucydides concluded that the Malian Gulf tsunami of the same year was caused by the earthquake, the first to recognize such a link	[104][105]
464 BC	Sparta	37.08	22.43	~20,000	7.2 Ms

See also

• Geology of Greece

References

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