List of androgen esters

Testosterone, the base androgen of most androgen esters.

This is a list of androgen esters, including esters (as well as ethers) of natural androgens like testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and synthetic anabolic–androgenic steroids (AAS) like nandrolone (19-nortestosterone).

Esters of natural AAS

Testosterone esters

Marketed

Many esters of testosterone have been marketed, including the following major esters:[1][2]

And the following less commonly used esters:[1][2]

Never marketed

The following major testosterone ester has not been marketed:[1][2]

  • Testosterone buciclate (20 Aet-1, CDB-1781) – a very long-acting testosterone ester that was under development but ultimately did not reach the market[4][5]

And the following less commonly known testosterone esters have also not been marketed:[1][2]

Dihydrotestosterone esters

Marketed

Several esters of dihydrotestosterone (DHT; androstanolone, stanolone) have also been marketed, including the following:[8][9]

Never marketed

The following esters of DHT have not been marketed:[8][9]

Testifenon (chlorphenacyl DHT ester) is a nitrogen mustard ester of DHT that was developed as a cytostatic antineoplastic agent but was never marketed.[10]

Esters of other natural AAS

Marketed

The following esters of other natural AAS have been marketed:

Never marketed

And the following have not been marketed:

Sturamustine is a nitrosourea ester of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) that was developed as a cytostatic antineoplastic agent but was never marketed.[12][13]

Ethers of natural AAS

Marketed

Although not esters, the following ethers of natural AAS have been marketed as well:

Never marketed

And the following have not been marketed:

Esters of synthetic AAS

Methandriol esters

Marketed

Never marketed

Nandrolone esters

Marketed

Many esters of the synthetic AAS nandrolone (19-nortestosterone) have been marketed, including the following major esters:[14][15][16]

And the following less commonly used esters:[14][15][16]

Never marketed

The following nandrolone esters exist but were never marketed:

LS-1727 is a nitrosocarbamate ester of nandrolone that was developed as a cytostatic antineoplastic agent but was never marketed.[19]

Trenbolone esters

Marketed

A few esters of the synthetic AAS trenbolone have been marketed, including the following esters:

Never marketed

The following trenbolone esters exist but were never marketed:

Esters of other synthetic AAS

Marketed

Many esters of other synthetic AAS have been marketed as well, including the following:

Never marketed

Whereas the following have not been marketed:

Ethers of synthetic AAS

Marketed

Although not esters, the following ethers of synthetic AAS have been marketed as well:

Never marketed

And the following have not been marketed:

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d Index Nominum 2000: International Drug Directory. Taylor & Francis US. 2000. ISBN 978-3-88763-075-1. Retrieved 29 May 2012.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g J. Elks (14 November 2014). The Dictionary of Drugs: Chemical Data: Chemical Data, Structures and Bibliographies. Springer. pp. 642–. ISBN 978-1-4757-2085-3.
  3. ^ William Llewellyn (2011). Anabolics. Molecular Nutrition Llc. pp. 437–. ISBN 978-0-9828280-1-4.
  4. ^ E. Nieschlag; H. M. Behre (1 April 2004). Testosterone: Action, Deficiency, Substitution. Cambridge University Press. pp. 692–. ISBN 978-1-139-45221-2.
  5. ^ Shalender Bhasin (13 February 1996). Pharmacology, Biology, and Clinical Applications of Androgens: Current Status and Future Prospects. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 471–. ISBN 978-0-471-13320-9.
  6. ^ "R&D Research". www.evestra.com. Archived from the original on 2017-09-29.
  7. ^ Ahmed G, Elger W, Meece F, Nair HB, Schneider B, Wyrwa R, Nickisch K (October 2017). "A prodrug design for improved oral absorption and reduced hepatic interaction". Bioorg. Med. Chem. 25 (20): 5569–5575. doi:10.1016/j.bmc.2017.08.027. PMID 28886996.
  8. ^ a b J. Elks (14 November 2014). The Dictionary of Drugs: Chemical Data: Chemical Data, Structures and Bibliographies. Springer. pp. 640–. ISBN 978-1-4757-2085-3.
  9. ^ a b I.K. Morton; Judith M. Hall (6 December 2012). Concise Dictionary of Pharmacological Agents: Properties and Synonyms. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 261–. ISBN 978-94-011-4439-1.
  10. ^ Lagova ND, Sof'ina ZP, Shkodinskaia EN, Kurdiumova KN, Valueva IM (1988). "[The antineoplastic activity of testiphenon]". Vopr Onkol (in Russian). 34 (11): 1363–8. PMID 3201773.
  11. ^ George W.A Milne (8 May 2018). Drugs: Synonyms and Properties: Synonyms and Properties. Taylor & Francis. pp. 67–. ISBN 978-1-351-78989-9.
  12. ^ J. Elks (14 November 2014). The Dictionary of Drugs: Chemical Data: Chemical Data, Structures and Bibliographies. Springer. p. 1122. ISBN 978-1-4757-2085-3.
  13. ^ Chavis C, de Gourcy C, Borgna JL, Imbach JL (1982). "New steroidal nitrosoureas". Steroids. 39 (2): 129–47. doi:10.1016/0039-128x(82)90081-2. PMID 7071885. S2CID 21042994.
  14. ^ a b J. Elks (14 November 2014). The Dictionary of Drugs: Chemical Data: Chemical Data, Structures and Bibliographies. Springer. pp. 660–. ISBN 978-1-4757-2085-3.
  15. ^ a b Index Nominum 2000: International Drug Directory. Taylor & Francis. January 2000. pp. 716–717. ISBN 978-3-88763-075-1.
  16. ^ a b I.K. Morton; Judith M. Hall (6 December 2012). Concise Dictionary of Pharmacological Agents: Properties and Synonyms. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 978-94-011-4439-1.
  17. ^ Lerner, Leonard J.; Holthaus, Fred J.; Thompson, Charles R. (1959). "A myotrophic agent and gonadotrophin inhibitor, 19-nortestosterone-17-benzoate". Endocrinology. 64 (6): 1010–1016. doi:10.1210/endo-64-6-1010. ISSN 0013-7227. PMID 13652918.
  18. ^ Boschann, H. -W. (1955). "Cytologische Untersuchungen über die Wirkung von Androgenen am atrophischen Vaginalepithel in Abhängigkeit von Dosierung und Applikationsart". Archiv für Gynäkologie. 187 (1): 39–64. doi:10.1007/BF00985845. ISSN 0003-9128. PMID 13303168. S2CID 30443548.
  19. ^ Hartley-Asp B, Wilkinson R, Venitt S, Harrap KR (1981). "Studies on the mechanism of action of LS 1727, a nitrosocarbamate of 19-nortestosterone". Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Copenh). 48 (2): 129–38. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1981.tb01598.x. PMID 6167141.