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Supreme Court of the United States
Supreme Court of the United States
	38°53′26″N 77°00′16″W / 38.89056°N 77.00444°W
Established	March 4, 1789; 235 years ago
Location	Washington, D.C.
Coordinates	38°53′26″N 77°00′16″W / 38.89056°N 77.00444°W
Composition method	Presidential nomination with Senate confirmation
Authorised by	Constitution of the United States, Art. III, § 1
Judge term length	life tenure, subject to impeachment and removal
Number of positions	9 (by statute)
Website	supremecourt.gov

This is a list of cases reported in volume 203 of United States Reports, decided by the Supreme Court of the United States in 1906.

Justices of the Supreme Court at the time of volume 203 U.S.

The Supreme Court is established by Article III, Section 1 of the Constitution of the United States, which says: "The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court . . .". The size of the Court is not specified; the Constitution leaves it to Congress to set the number of justices. Under the Judiciary Act of 1789 Congress originally fixed the number of justices at six (one chief justice and five associate justices).^[1] Since 1789 Congress has varied the size of the Court from six to seven, nine, ten, and back to nine justices (always including one chief justice).

When the cases in volume 203 were decided the Court comprised the following eight members (Justice William Henry Moody did not join the Court until after all of the cases in volume 203 had been argued):

Justice	Office	Home State	Succeeded	Date confirmed by the Senate (Vote)	Tenure on Supreme Court
Melville Fuller	Chief Justice	Illinois	Morrison Waite	July 20, 1888 (41–20)	October 8, 1888 – July 4, 1910 (Died)
John Marshall Harlan	Associate Justice	Kentucky	David Davis	November 29, 1877 (Acclamation)	December 10, 1877 – October 14, 1911 (Died)
David Josiah Brewer	Associate Justice	Kansas	Stanley Matthews	December 18, 1889 (53–11)	January 6, 1890 – March 28, 1910 (Died)
Edward Douglass White	Associate Justice	Louisiana	Samuel Blatchford	February 19, 1894 (Acclamation)	March 12, 1894 – December 18, 1910 (Continued as chief justice)
Rufus W. Peckham	Associate Justice	New York	Howell Edmunds Jackson	December 9, 1895 (Acclamation)	January 6, 1896 – October 24, 1909 (Died)
Joseph McKenna	Associate Justice	California	Stephen Johnson Field	January 21, 1898 (Acclamation)	January 26, 1898 – January 5, 1925 (Retired)
Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.	Associate Justice	Massachusetts	Horace Gray	December 4, 1902 (Acclamation)	December 8, 1902 – January 12, 1932 (Retired)
William R. Day	Associate Justice	Ohio	George Shiras Jr.	February 23, 1903 (Acclamation)	March 2, 1903 – November 13, 1922 (Retired)

Notable Cases in 203 U.S.

Hodges v. United States

Hodges v. United States, 203 U.S. 1 (1906), is a decision by the Supreme Court limiting the power of Congress to make laws under the Thirteenth Amendment. Three white men had been convicted of conspiring against black sawmill workers. The statute that was used to convict the men prohibited conspiracy to deprive American citizens of their constitutional liberties, including the right to make contracts. The Supreme Court overturned the conviction, holding that Congress did not have the right to intervene against racially-motivated interference with labor contracts.

Northwestern Nat. Life Ins. Co. v. Riggs

Northwestern Nat. Life Ins. Co. v. Riggs, 203 U.S. 243 (1906), is a Supreme Court decision dealing with the power of individual states to regulate how corporations may conduct business. The Court ruled that the Fourteenth Amendment was not a bar to many state laws that effectively limited a corporation's right to contract business, so long as such limits were not unreasonable constraints on trade and due process for resolving conflicts and disputes existed.

United States v. Shipp

In United States v. Shipp, 203 U.S. 563 (1906), the Supreme Court ruled that Tennessee Sheriff Joseph F. Shipp and five others, had "in effect aided and abetted" the lynching of Ed Johnson, despite their knowing that Johnson's appeal of his conviction was pending in the Supreme Court. After trial in the Supreme Court they were held in contempt of court and sentenced to imprisonment. When Shipp was released, he was welcomed back to Tennessee as a hero.^[2]

Citation style

Under the Judiciary Act of 1789 the federal court structure at the time comprised District Courts, which had general trial jurisdiction; Circuit Courts, which had mixed trial and appellate (from the US District Courts) jurisdiction; and the United States Supreme Court, which had appellate jurisdiction over the federal District and Circuit courts—and for certain issues over state courts. The Supreme Court also had limited original jurisdiction (i.e., in which cases could be filed directly with the Supreme Court without first having been heard by a lower federal or state court). There were one or more federal District Courts and/or Circuit Courts in each state, territory, or other geographical region.

The Judiciary Act of 1891 created the United States Courts of Appeals and reassigned the jurisdiction of most routine appeals from the district and circuit courts to these appellate courts. The Act created nine new courts that were originally known as the "United States Circuit Courts of Appeals." The new courts had jurisdiction over most appeals of lower court decisions. The Supreme Court could review either legal issues that a court of appeals certified or decisions of court of appeals by writ of certiorari.

Bluebook citation style is used for case names, citations, and jurisdictions.

"# Cir." = United States Court of Appeals
- e.g., "3d Cir." = United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit
"C.C.D." = United States Circuit Court for the District of . . .
- e.g.,"C.C.D.N.J." = United States Circuit Court for the District of New Jersey
"D." = United States District Court for the District of . . .
- e.g.,"D. Mass." = United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts
"E." = Eastern; "M." = Middle; "N." = Northern; "S." = Southern; "W." = Western
- e.g.,"C.C.S.D.N.Y." = United States Circuit Court for the Southern District of New York
- e.g.,"M.D. Ala." = United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama
"Ct. Cl." = United States Court of Claims
The abbreviation of a state's name alone indicates the highest appellate court in that state's judiciary at the time.
- e.g.,"Pa." = Supreme Court of Pennsylvania
- e.g.,"Me." = Supreme Judicial Court of Maine

List of cases in volume 203 U.S.

Case Name	Page & year	Opinion of the Court	Concurring opinion(s)	Dissenting opinion(s)	Lower Court	Disposition
Hodges v. United States	1 (1906)	Brewer	none	Harlan	E.D. Ark.	reversed
New Mexico ex rel. McLean Co. v. Denver et al. R.R. Co.	38 (1906)	Day	none	none	Sup. Ct. Terr. N.M.	affirmed
Landram v. Jordan	56 (1906)	Holmes	none	none	D.C. Cir.	affirmed
Fidelity M.L. Ins. Co. v. Clark	64 (1906)	Holmes	none	none	C.C.N.D. Tex.	affirmed
Cherokee Intermarriage Cases	76 (1906)	Fuller	none	none	Ct. Cl.	affirmed
In re Moran	96 (1906)	Holmes	none	none	Dist. Ct. Terr. Okla.	habeas corpus denied
Northern A. Co. v. Grand V.B. Ass'n	106 (1906)	Holmes	none	none	Neb.	affirmed
Covington & C.B. Co v. Hager	109 (1906)	Day	none	none	C.C.E.D. Ky.	affirmed
Wicomico Cnty. v. Bancroft	112 (1906)	Day	none	none	4th Cir.	reversed
Taylor v. Burns	120 (1906)	Brewer	none	none	Sup. Ct. Terr. Ariz.	affirmed
Andrews v. Eastern O.L. Co.	127 (1906)	Brewer	none	none	Or.	affirmed
Burt v. Smith	129 (1906)	Holmes	none	none	N.Y.	dismissed
United States v. G. Riggs Co.	136 (1906)	Holmes	none	none	2d Cir.	reversed
Conboy v. First Nat'l Bank	141 (1906)	Fuller	none	none	2d Cir.	dismissed
Goudy v. Meath	146 (1906)	Brewer	none	none	Wash.	affirmed
United A.M. v. State Council	151 (1906)	Holmes	none	none	Va.	affirmed
Clark v. Wells	174 (1906)	Day	none	none	C.C.D. Mont.	affirmed
Fisher v. Baker	174 (1906)	Fuller	none	none	Phil.	dismissed
St Mary's et al. Co. v. West Virginia	183 (1906)	Fuller	none	none	W. Va.	affirmed
Pettibone v. Nichols	192 (1906)	Harlan	none	McKenna	C.C.D. Idaho	affirmed
Moyer v. Nichols	221 (1906)	Harlan	none	McKenna	C.C.D. Idaho	affirmed
Appleyard v. Massachusetts	222 (1906)	Harlan	none	none	C.C.D. Mass.	affirmed
Francis v. Francis	233 (1906)	Harlan	none	none	Mich.	affirmed
Northwestern N.L. Ins. Co. v. Riggs	243 (1906)	Harlan	none	none	C.C.W.D. Mo.	affirmed
Atlantic et al. R.R. Co. v. Florida ex rel. Ellis	256 (1906)	Brewer	none	none	Fla.	affirmed
Seaboard et al. Ry. v. Florida ex rel. Ellis	261 (1906)	Brewer	none	none	Fla.	affirmed
Heyman v. Southern Ry. Co.	270 (1906)	White	none	none	Ga.	reversed
C.H. Nichols L. Co. v. Franson	278 (1906)	White	none	none	C.C.W.D. Wash.	affirmed
Martin v. Pittsburgh et al. R.R. Co.	284 (1906)	White	none	none	Ohio	affirmed
Nat'l L.S. Bank v. First Nat'l Bank	296 (1906)	Peckham	none	none	Sup. Ct. Terr. Okla.	affirmed
Mercantile T. & D. Co. v. City of Columbus	311 (1906)	Peckham	none	none	C.C.N.D. Ga.	reversed
Security T. & S.V. Co. v. City of Lexington	323 (1906)	Peckham	none	none	Ky.	affirmed
Mississippi R.R. Comm'n v. Illinois C.R.R. Co.	335 (1906)	Peckham	none	none	5th Cir.	affirmed
Allen v. Riley	347 (1906)	Peckham	none	none	Kan.	affirmed
J. Woods & Sons v. Carl	358 (1906)	Peckham	none	none	Ark.	affirmed
City of Monterey v. Jacks	360 (1906)	McKenna	none	none	Cal.	affirmed
International T. Co. v. Weeks	364 (1906)	McKenna	none	none	1st Cir.	affirmed
Cruit v. Owen	368 (1906)	McKenna	none	none	D.C. Cir.	affirmed
Offield v. New York et al. R.R. Co.	372 (1906)	McKenna	none	none	Conn.	affirmed
Fair Haven & W.R.R. Co. v. City of New Haven	379 (1906)	McKenna	none	none	Conn.	affirmed
Chattanooga F. & P. Works v. City of Atlanta	390 (1906)	Holmes	none	none	6th Cir.	affirmed
Guy v. Donald	399 (1906)	Holmes	none	none	4th Cir.	certification
United States v. Dalcour	408 (1906)	Holmes	none	none	S.D. Fla.	reversed
New York Foundling Hosp. v. Gatti	429 (1906)	Day	none	none	Sup. Ct. Terr. Ariz.	dismissed
Crane v. Buckley	441 (1906)	Day	none	none	9th Cir.	affirmed
Ex Parte Wisner	449 (1906)	Fuller	none	none	C.C.E.D. Mo.	mandamus granted
United States ex rel. Taylor v. Taft	461 (1906)	Fuller	none	none	D.C. Cir.	dismissed
Gila Valley G.N. Ry. Co. v. Lyon	465 (1906)	Peckham	none	none	Sup. Ct. Terr. Ariz.	affirmed
United States ex rel. Lowry v. Allen	476 (1906)	McKenna	none	none	D.C. Cir.	affirmed
New Jersey v. Anderson	483 (1906)	Day	none	Harlan	7th Cir.	reversed
Alabama & v. Ry. Co. v. Railroad Comm'n	496 (1906)	Brewer	none	none	Miss.	affirmed
F. Grant S. Co. v. W.M. Laird Co.	502 (1906)	White	none	none	W.D.N.Y.	dismissed
Western Union T. Co. v. Hughes	505 (1906)	White	none	none	Va.	dismissed
Rearick v. Pennsylvania	507 (1906)	Holmes	none	none	Pa. Super. Ct.	reversed
Illinois C.R.R. Co. v. McKendree	514 (1906)	Day	none	none	Ky. Cir. Ct.	reversed
Gatewood v. North Carolina	531 (1906)	White	none	none	N.C.	affirmed
Cahen v. Brewster	543 (1906)	McKenna	none	none	La.	affirmed
Methodist E.C. v. Illinois	553 (1906)	McKenna	none	none	Ill.	affirmed
United States v. Shipp	563 (1906)	Holmes	none	none	original	trial for contempt