Horní Tošanovice

Horní Tošanovice
Municipality
Manor house
Flag Coat of arms
Horní Tošanovice Location in the Czech Republic
Coordinates: 49°41′32″N 18°30′19″E
Country	Czech Republic
Region	Moravian-Silesian
District	Frýdek-Místek
First mentioned	1305
Area
• Total	5.29 km^2 (2.04 sq mi)
Elevation	367 m (1,204 ft)
Population  (2024-01-01)[1]
• Total	706
• Density	130/km^2 (350/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code	739 53
Website	www.hornitosanovice.cz

Horní Tošanovice (Polish: Toszonowice Górne) is a municipality and village in Frýdek-Místek District in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 700 inhabitants.

Etymology

The name is patronymic in origin derived from personal name Tosz. It was variably subscribed in the historical documents: Tessinowitz (1305), Thusnowitz (1316), Tossinowicze (1445), Tossonowicze (1447, 1693), Toschonowitz (1523), Tossynowicze (1536, 1627), na Tossenowiczych (1703), Toschonowice (1724). In the 18th century the distinction between two villages developed. In 1736 both were mentioned as Nieder Toschonowitz and Ober Toschonowitz (literally "Lower" and "Upper"; Dolní and Horní in Czech).^[2]

Geography

Horní Tošanovice is located about 10 kilometres (6 mi) east of Frýdek-Místek and 19 km (12 mi) southeast of Ostrava. It lies in the Moravian-Silesian Foothills, in the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia. The highest point is at 409 m (1,342 ft) above sea level.

History

The first written mention of Tošanovice is in a Latin document of Diocese of Wrocław called Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis from 1305. The village was probably founded in the 13th century. In 1445–1753, the manor was owned by the noble family of Tluka of Tošanovice. In the 1830s during the rule of the Harasovský family, an Empire style manor house with a small English park was built here.^[3]

Politically the village belonged initially to the Duchy of Teschen. In 1327 the duchy became a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia, which after 1526 became part of the Habsburg monarchy.

After Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire a modern municipal division was introduced in the re-established Austrian Silesia. The village as a municipality was subscribed to the political and legal district of Cieszyn. According to the censuses conducted in 1880–1910, the population of the municipality grew from 460 in 1880 to 472 in 1910 with a majority being native Polish-speakers (52.2% in 1880, later between 88% and 93.1%) accompanied by a Czech-speaking minority (46% in 1880, later between 6.1% and 9.5%) and German-speaking (at most 8 or 2.5% in 1900). In terms of religion in 1910 the majority were Roman Catholics (74.8%), followed by Protestants (25.2%).^[4]

After World War I, Polish–Czechoslovak War and the division of Cieszyn Silesia in 1920, Horní Tošanovice became a part of Czechoslovakia. Following the Munich Agreement, in October 1938 together with the Trans-Olza region it was annexed by Poland, administratively adjoined to Cieszyn County of Silesian Voivodeship.^[5] It was then annexed by Nazi Germany at the beginning of World War II. After the war it was restored to Czechoslovakia.

Demographics

Historical population

Year Pop. ±% 1869 496 —     1880 460 −7.3% 1890 378 −17.8% 1900 316 −16.4% 1910 472 +49.4%	Year Pop. ±% 1921 431 −8.7% 1930 491 +13.9% 1950 472 −3.9% 1961 563 +19.3% 1970 558 −0.9%	Year Pop. ±% 1980 559 +0.2% 1991 450 −19.5% 2001 490 +8.9% 2011 498 +1.6% 2021 655 +31.5%
Source: Censuses[6][7]

Transport

The D48 motorway (part of the European route E462) passes through the municipality.

Sights

The only protected cultural monument in Horní Tošanovice is the former manor house, built in the Neoclassical style in the first half of the 19th century.^[8]

References

1. "Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2024". Czech Statistical Office. 2024-05-17.
2. Mrózek, Robert (1984). Nazwy miejscowe dawnego Śląska Cieszyńskiego [Local names of former Cieszyn Silesia] (in Polish). Katowice: Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach. p. 175. ISSN 0208-6336.
3. "Historie obce" (in Czech). Obec Horní Tošanovice. Retrieved 2022-01-09.
4. Piątkowski, Kazimierz (1918). Stosunki narodowościowe w Księstwie Cieszyńskiem (in Polish). Cieszyn: Macierz Szkolna Księstwa Cieszyńskiego. pp. 265, 283.
5. "Ustawa z dnia 27 października 1938 r. o podziale administracyjnym i tymczasowej organizacji administracji na obszarze Ziem Odzyskanych Śląska Cieszyńskiego". Dziennik Ustaw Śląskich (in Polish). 18/1938, poz. 35. Katowice. 1938-10-31. Retrieved 2014-07-01.
6. "Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011" (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2015-12-21.
7. "Population Census 2021: Population by sex". Public Database. Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
8. "Výsledky vyhledávání: Kulturní památky, obec Horní Tošanovice". Ústřední seznam kulturních památek (in Czech). National Heritage Institute. Retrieved 2024-06-30.

External links

• Official website