Horní Lomná

Horní Lomná Łomna Górna
Municipality
Municipal office
Flag Coat of arms
Horní Lomná Location in the Czech Republic
Coordinates: 49°31′40″N 18°38′14″E
Country	Czech Republic
Region	Moravian-Silesian
District	Frýdek-Místek
First mentioned	1690
Area
• Total	24.70 km^2 (9.54 sq mi)
Elevation	595 m (1,952 ft)
Population  (2024-01-01)[1]
• Total	367
• Density	15/km^2 (38/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code	739 91
Website	hornilomna.eu

Horní Lomná (Polish: Łomna Górna^ⓘ, German: Ober Lomna) is a municipality and village in Frýdek-Místek District in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 400 inhabitants. The municipality has a significant Polish minority.

Etymology

The name of the village is borrowed from an older name of the Lomná river (mentioned in 1592 as Lomny), which itself is derived from the words lom ('turn', 'bend').^[2]

Geography

Horní Lomná is located about 26 kilometres (16 mi) southeast of Frýdek-Místek and 38 km (24 mi) southeast of Ostrava. The municipal territory borders Slovakia on the south. It lies in the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia, in the Moravian-Silesian Beskids mountain range. The highest point is the Velký Polom mountain at 1,067 m (3,501 ft) above sea level, located on the Czech-Slovak border. The Lomná River flows through the municipality.

Horní Lomná lies in the Beskydy Protected Landscape Area. There also several small-scale protected areas; the most notable is the Mionší National Nature Reserve, which is among the largest old-growth forests in the Czech Republic.^[3]

History

The settlement on the territory of the village in the Lomná river valley in the Moravian-Silesian Beskids began in the middle of the 17th century. The village was first mentioned in 1684 as Lomna. It belonged then to the Duchy of Teschen, a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia and a part of the Habsburg monarchy.^[2][4]

After Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire a modern municipal division was introduced in the re-established Austrian Silesia. Lomna as a single municipality was subscribed to the political district of Cieszyn and the legal district of Jablunkov. In 1873 two separate settlements were recognised: Dolní Lomná (as Dolny Lomna) and Horní Lomná (as Wrchny Lomna). They were divided into two separate municipalities on 1 January 1890. According to the censuses conducted in 1890, 1900 and 1910 the population of the municipality grew from 524 in 1890 to 624 in 1910. In 1910 the majority of the inhabitants were native Polish-speakers (97.9%) accompanied by a Czech-speaking minority (11 or 1.8%) and German-speakers (2 people). In terms of religion in 1910 the majority were Roman Catholics (95.5%), followed by Protestants (28 or 4.5%).^[5]

After World War I, Polish–Czechoslovak War and the division of Cieszyn Silesia in 1920, the municipality became a part of Czechoslovakia. Following the Munich Agreement, in October 1938 together with the Trans-Olza region it was annexed by Poland, administratively adjoined to Cieszyn County of Silesian Voivodeship.^[6] It was then annexed by Nazi Germany at the beginning of World War II. After the war it was restored to Czechoslovakia.

From 1980 to 1990 Horní Lomná was an administrative part of Jablunkov.^[7]

Demographics

Polish minority makes up 17.6% of the population.^[8]

Historical population

Year Pop. ±% 1869 524 —     1880 532 +1.5% 1890 524 −1.5% 1900 623 +18.9% 1910 624 +0.2%	Year Pop. ±% 1921 601 −3.7% 1930 607 +1.0% 1950 542 −10.7% 1961 535 −1.3% 1970 524 −2.1%	Year Pop. ±% 1980 499 −4.8% 1991 430 −13.8% 2001 394 −8.4% 2011 352 −10.7% 2021 329 −6.5%
Source: Censuses[9][10]

Transport

There are no railways or major roads passing through the municipality.

Sights

The main landmark of Horní Lomná is the Church of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross. It was built in the neo-Gothic style in 1894–1896.^[11]

References

1. "Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2024". Czech Statistical Office. 2024-05-17.
2. Mrózek, Robert (1984). Nazwy miejscowe dawnego Śląska Cieszyńskiego [Local names of former Cieszyn Silesia] (in Polish). Katowice: University of Silesia in Katowice. p. 97. ISSN 0208-6336.
3. "Údolí Lomné s pralesem Mionší" (in Czech). CzechTourism. Retrieved 2022-06-08.
4. Panic, Idzi (2011). Śląsk Cieszyński w początkach czasów nowożytnych (1528-1653) [Cieszyn Silesia in the beginnings of Modern Era (1528-1653)] (in Polish). Cieszyn: Starostwo Powiatowe w Cieszynie. p. 111. ISBN 978-83-926929-5-9.
5. Piątkowski, Kazimierz (1918). Stosunki narodowościowe w Księstwie Cieszyńskiem (in Polish). Cieszyn: Macierz Szkolna Księstwa Cieszyńskiego. pp. 266, 285.
6. "Ustawa z dnia 27 października 1938 r. o podziale administracyjnym i tymczasowej organizacji administracji na obszarze Ziem Odzyskanych Śląska Cieszyńskiego". Dziennik Ustaw Śląskich (in Polish). 18/1938, poz. 35. Katowice. 31 October 1938. Retrieved 1 July 2014.
7. "Historický lexikon obcí České republiky – 1869–2011: Abecední přehled obcí a částí obcí" (PDF) (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2015-12-21. p. 155. Retrieved 2024-08-23.
8. "Population Census 2021: Population by selected ethnicity". Public database. Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
9. "Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011" (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2015-12-21.
10. "Population Census 2021: Population by sex". Public Database. Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
11. "Pamětihodnosti" (in Czech). Obec Horní Lomná. Retrieved 2022-06-08.

External links

• Official website