Dolní Lomná

Dolní Lomná Łomna Dolna
Municipality
Museum and Polish primary school
Flag Coat of arms
Dolní Lomná Location in the Czech Republic
Coordinates: 49°32′52″N 18°42′22″E
Country	Czech Republic
Region	Moravian-Silesian
District	Frýdek-Místek
First mentioned	1684
Area
• Total	26.99 km^2 (10.42 sq mi)
Elevation	460 m (1,510 ft)
Population  (2024-01-01)[1]
• Total	920
• Density	34/km^2 (88/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code	739 91
Website	www.dolnilomna.eu

Dolní Lomná (Polish: Łomna Dolna^ⓘ, German: Nieder Lomna) is a municipality and village in Frýdek-Místek District in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 900 inhabitants. The municipality has a significant Polish minority.

Etymology

The name is borrowed from an older name of the Lomná River (mentioned in 1592 as Lomny), which itself is derived from the word lom ("turn", "bend").^[2]

Geography

Dolní Lomná is located about 29 kilometres (18 mi) southeast of Frýdek-Místek and 41 km (25 mi) southeast of Ostrava, in the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia. The municipal territory borders Slovakia on the south. It lies in the Moravian-Silesian Beskids mountain range and within the Beskydy Protected Landscape Area. The highest point is near the top of the Kozubová mountain at 980 m (3,220 ft) above sea level. The Lomná River flows through the municipality.

History

Municipal office and post office

Monument to local victims of World War I

The settlement on the territory of the village in the Lomná river valley in the Moravian-Silesian Beskids began in the middle of the 17th century. The village was first mentioned in 1684 as Lomna. It belonged then to the Duchy of Teschen, a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia.^[2][3]

After Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire a modern municipal division was introduced in the re-established Austrian Silesia. Lomna as a single municipality was subscribed to the political district of Cieszyn and the legal district of Jablunkov. In 1873 two separate settlements were recognised: Dolní Lomná (as Dolny Lomna) and Horní Lomná (as Wrchny Lomna). They were divided into two separate municipalities on 1 January 1890. According to the censuses conducted in 1890, 1900 and 1910 the population of the municipality grew from 857 in 1890 to 912 in 1910. In 1910 the majority of the inhabitants were native Polish-speakers (95.1%) accompanied by a German-speaking minority (32 or 3.5%) and Czech-speaking people (13 or 1.4%). In terms of religion in 1910 the majority were Roman Catholics (82.5%), followed by Protestants (17.3%) and Jews (2 people).^[4]

After World War I, Polish–Czechoslovak War and the division of Cieszyn Silesia in 1920, Dolní Lomná became a part of Czechoslovakia. Following the Munich Agreement, in October 1938 together with the Trans-Olza region it was annexed by Poland, administratively adjoined to Cieszyn County of Silesian Voivodeship.^[5] It was then annexed by Nazi Germany at the beginning of World War II. After the war it was restored to Czechoslovakia.

From 1980 to 1990, Dolní Lomná was an administrative part of Jablunkov.^[6]

Demographics

Polish minority makes up 18.8% of the population.^[7]

Historical population

Year Pop. ±% 1869 661 —     1880 787 +19.1% 1890 857 +8.9% 1900 863 +0.7% 1910 912 +5.7%	Year Pop. ±% 1921 891 −2.3% 1930 1,005 +12.8% 1950 1,051 +4.6% 1961 1,035 −1.5% 1970 1,016 −1.8%	Year Pop. ±% 1980 918 −9.6% 1991 809 −11.9% 2001 867 +7.2% 2011 843 −2.8% 2021 886 +5.1%
Source: Censuses[8][9]

Transport

There are no railways or major roads passing through the municipality.

Sights

There are no protected cultural monuments.^[10] The Lomná Museum is located in the wooden house which belonged to the local school. The original building from 1852 was moved to the Wallachian Open Air Museum in 1974; the current wooden house is its replica.^[11]

References

1. "Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2024". Czech Statistical Office. 2024-05-17.
2. Mrózek, Robert (1984). Nazwy miejscowe dawnego Śląska Cieszyńskiego [Local names of former Cieszyn Silesia] (in Polish). Katowice: University of Silesia in Katowice. p. 97. ISSN 0208-6336.
3. Panic, Idzi (2011). Śląsk Cieszyński w początkach czasów nowożytnych (1528-1653) [Cieszyn Silesia in the beginnings of Modern Era (1528-1653)] (in Polish). Cieszyn: Starostwo Powiatowe w Cieszynie. p. 111. ISBN 978-83-926929-5-9.
4. Piątkowski, Kazimierz (1918). Stosunki narodowościowe w Księstwie Cieszyńskiem (in Polish). Cieszyn: Macierz Szkolna Księstwa Cieszyńskiego. pp. 266, 285.
5. "Ustawa z dnia 27 października 1938 r. o podziale administracyjnym i tymczasowej organizacji administracji na obszarze Ziem Odzyskanych Śląska Cieszyńskiego". Dziennik Ustaw Śląskich (in Polish). 18/1938, poz. 35. Katowice. 31 October 1938. Retrieved 1 July 2014.
6. "Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011: Abecední přehled obcí a částí obcí" (PDF) (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2015-12-21. p. 95.
7. "Population Census 2021: Population by selected ethnicity". Public database. Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
8. "Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011" (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2015-12-21.
9. "Population Census 2021: Population by sex". Public Database. Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
10. "Výsledky vyhledávání: Kulturní památky, obec Dolní Lomná". Ústřední seznam kulturních památek (in Czech). National Heritage Institute. Retrieved 2024-07-15.
11. "Lomňanské muzeum v Dolní Lomné" (in Czech). CzechTourism. Retrieved 2023-05-02.

External links

• Official website