Dissidia Final Fantasy[a] is a fighting game with action role-playing elements developed and published by Square Enix for the PlayStation Portable as part of the campaign for the Final Fantasy series' 20th anniversary. It was released in Japan on December 18, 2008, in North America on August 25, 2009, and in Australia and Europe in September. It was then re-released in Japan, based on the North American version, as Dissidia Final Fantasy: Universal Tuning, on November 1, 2009.
The game features characters from different Final Fantasy games and centers on a great conflict between Cosmos, the goddess of harmony, and Chaos, the god of discord. The two summon multiple warriors to fight for their sides in their thirteenth war. During the story, the player controls the ten warriors chosen by Cosmos, the protagonists from the first ten Final Fantasy games, in their journey. The game's English and international versions give access to other features such an arcade mode.
Dissidia originated from Kingdom Hearts director Tetsuya Nomura's desire to create a spin-off for the franchise but then changed to the Final Fantasy series. Besides designing the characters, Nomura worked with the Square staff with the desire to make it appealing to Western players. Dissidia was well-received commercially and critically, with positive reviews and sales of over 1.8 million.[4] A follow-up titled Dissidia 012 Final Fantasy was released in March 2011 and features several new characters and gameplay features.
Gameplay
A fight from Dissidia Final Fantasy featuring Zidane Tribal and Sephiroth.
Dissidia Final Fantasy's genre has been described as "dramatic progressive action" and its graphics are in 3D. It has wireless one-on-one multiplayer and fights revolving around the use of individual special skills of characters to do damage to opponents. Players can customize their characters with equipment.[5]
Character movement is fully functional within the three-dimensional field map. Characters are able to perform special maneuvers using the environment. Traps with a variety of ill effects can be found throughout the arena. Characters' equipment can be customized, and they can gain EXP and gil from battles.[6]
The aim is for the player to reduce their opponent's HP to zero. A character's offensive (and, to a lesser extent, defensive) power is shown in numerical form called BRV or "Bravery Points". Both characters start out with a set amount of BRV, and each must reduce their health to 0 by attacking them with a HP attack. Players can steal BRV from their opponent by attacking them with the basic "BRV attack" to add it to their own total and gain the upper hand. Players can then use the "HP attack" to cause direct damage to their opponent; HP damage is equal to the player's current amount of Bravery. However, once an HP attack is used, the character's own BRV is reduced to 0 and then slowly recovers to its starting amount. A character whose BRV total has been depleted (past 0 BRV and into the negatives) is forced into "Break mode", where, aside from not being able to cause HP and BRV damage (but being able to gain BRV), all attacks made against them cause critical damage and the opponent gets all of the BRV in the "Bravery Pool" (a number that can be seen at the bottom of the screen), massively boosting their BRV amount.[6]
One main feature of the combat system is the "EX Gauge", which can be filled in a variety of ways, such as inflicting damage on opponents, taking damage from opponents, and obtaining EX cores scattered around the field of play. Once the EX Gauge is filled, the character can enter their "EX Mode", significantly increasing their power and enabling new attacks, including the "EX Burst", an unavoidable and very damaging special attack similar to the Limit Break mechanic seen in many games in the series. The player on the offense charges up the attack by following the on-screen instructions, while the player on the defense can reduce the amount of damage taken by continuously pressing the circle button. Once the EX Burst is executed, EX Mode ends.[6]
In a gameplay mode exclusive to Western releases, the Arcade mode converts the game in a traditional fighting game, with all role-playing elements removed and characters' abilities being stripped down to the basics to balance the playing field. Within the Arcade Mode, there are three tiers: Normal, Hard, and Time Attack; beating any tier of the Arcade mode will reward the player with PP (player points) and special items that can be used in story mode. All characters, including villains, are playable in Arcade mode; for example, Golbez, Sephiroth, Kuja, and Jecht are available for use in this mode from the start, but they still need to be bought via the PP Catalog for use in other modes.[7]
Plot
Setting and characters
The story revolves around two gods: Cosmos,[b] the goddess of harmony, and Chaos,[c] the god of discord. The game unites both protagonists and antagonists from installments of the main Final Fantasy series, their stories narrated by the first Final Fantasy game's Cid of the Lufaine. Other than the gods and their champions, the player deals with crystal-like doppelgangers called Manikins. The game has an overarching storyline that requires playing through all of the characters to complete. The game contains twenty-two total playable characters: ten heroes and ten villains, one of each representing Final Fantasy through Final Fantasy X, and two secret characters: a heroine representing Final Fantasy XI, and a villain representing Final Fantasy XII. Initially, only the ten main heroes are playable in all gameplay modes; the ten main villains are playable in Arcade mode, but must still be unlocked for access in all other gameplay modes.
Story mode
The gods Cosmos and Chaos have been locked in eternal conflict with "World B", a mirror dimension to the realm of "World A" where the first Final Fantasy takes place, summoning several warriors from other worlds from the main series to battle in a never-ending cycle of death and rebirth until the balance is tipped in favor of Chaos.[8] As the war seems to be nearing its end, the ten warriors of Cosmos band together to strike back at Chaos's minions and restore balance. Having lost much of her power in the previous cycle, Cosmos gives her ten warriors—Warrior of Light, Firion, Onion Knight, Cecil, Bartz, Terra, Cloud, Squall, Zidane, and Tidus—the task of retrieving the ten crystals that will help them defeat Chaos.[9] They each set out on a journey called a "Destiny Odyssey", where their respective stories are told and interlink with one another.[10] During their travels the heroes encounter their villains, defeating them through epiphanies about themselves that help them obtain their crystals.
Following the "Destiny Odysseys" is the "Shade Impulse", where all ten warriors have their crystals but arrive too late to save Cosmos, who is killed by Chaos. The heroes begin to fade away but are saved by the power of the crystals, allowing them to use what time they have left to strike back against the villains and defeat Chaos.[11][12] In the end, the other warriors leave World A for their respective worlds, the Warrior of Light embarks on another adventure, and Cosmos revives to reign over World B.[13]
The game features two other storylines with "Distant Glory", where Shanttoto and Gabranth are introduced to the player in two different areas where they are trapped and have to find a way out.[14][15] The other story mode, "Inward Chaos", serves as an alternate scenario in which Chaos has never been defeated and the player is guided by an entity known as Shinryu to defeat Chaos.[16]
Development
Dissidia Final Fantasy was originally envisioned by creative producer Tetsuya Nomura as a Kingdom Hearts spin-off featuring a cast of Disney characters while the Square Enix staff were developing Kingdom Hearts II.[17] Nomura later felt uncomfortable with the Disney characters fighting each other and instead opted to use Final Fantasy characters, although the original idea eventually gave rise to the development of Kingdom Hearts 358/2 Days, with the game's multiplayer mode inspired by Dissidia's gameplay.[18] The game was made in commemoration of the franchise's 20th anniversary and despite being handled by young employees, Nomura noticed there was no pressure, having assisted them in the designing various areas from the gameplay.[19] The game was directed by Takeshi Arakawa whom Nomura noted that his experience in a previous Square Enix game, The World Ends With You, had a good effect in the game.[19] To have their desired way of fighting, the team chose the PlayStation Portable console. There were plans for online play but the console's capacities made them unable to add such a feature.[20] Developing the game took three years due with the battle system requiring two years and the RPG mode one.[17]
Deciding the Final Fantasy heroes was easy for the staff except for Terra Branford. While her game, Final Fantasy VI, features multiple characters that would fit the role of the main character, Terra was chosen in the end so that there would be a female fighter in Cosmos' side. For villains, they decided to include warriors who had a strong rivalry with the heroes rather than automatically choosing the games' final bosses. This resulted in the inclusion of non-final bosses such as Final Fantasy IV's Golbez, IX's Kuja and X's Jecht who were connected with their games' leads (Cecil Harvey, Zidane Tribal and Tidus, respectively). Shantotto from XI was used based on her popularity, while Gabranth was used to represent XII in Balthier's place as the latter had already been featured in Final Fantasy Tactics: War of the Lions and Square wanted his inclusion to surprise gamers. Other characters meant to have been featured were Final Fantasy IV's Kain Highwind and XIII's Lightning.[19]
Nomura was responsible for the character designs, which changed much of the look and style of Yoshitaka Amano's illustrations.[21][22] Working in the Final Fantasy and Final Fantasy IX designs brought no difficulties since in for the former game, Nomura based his designs on Amano's illustrations while he had already been involved in handling his illustrations in the latter. On the other hand, Nomura had difficulties making Onion Knight as it ended being too cartoony and requested advice from Amano.[19] Nomura's own original illustrations were also redesigned for Dissidia; Nomura commented to the Japanese gaming magazine Famitsu that Tidus was designed to look younger than he was in Final Fantasy X to "match the design touch of the rest of the Dissidia" cast.[23]
Square Enix filed for United States trademark registration of "Dissidia" in April 2007; the mark's relation to Final Fantasy was omitted.[24] The title was connected with Final Fantasy when Square Enix introduced Dissidia Final Fantasy on May 8 with an official Japanese website.
Music
The Dissidia Final Fantasy Original Soundtrack by Takeharu Ishimoto was released on December 24, 2008,[25] and is available in both regular and special editions, similar to the game itself. Most tracks are often remixes done by Ishimoto of past Final Fantasy music originally composed by Nobuo Uematsu.[1]
The main theme of the game is "The Messenger" by Your Favorite Enemies. The tracks "Cosmos" and "Chaos - Last Battle 1" are also performed by Your Favorite Enemies. "The Messenger" is the main theme song of the game, with lyrics from both "Cosmos" and "Chaos - Last Battle 1". "Cosmos" features female vocals, while "Chaos" is dominated by male vocals. In YFE's documentary on the conception of the songs for Dissidia, lyricist-vocalist Alex Foster admitted that the lyrics have no direct connection to themes of the game; rather, he left it up to the listeners to interpret the lyrics based on their thoughts and ideas.[26]
Track list
Disc 1
No.
Title
Japanese title
Length
1.
"Dissidia" (opening from Dissidia Final Fantasy)
5:34
2.
"Prelude" (menu from Dissidia Final Fantasy)
「プレリュード」
3:00
3.
"Dissidia" (menu from Dissidia Final Fantasy)
1:24
4.
"Keeping the Peace" (from Dissidia Final Fantasy)
「守るべき秩序」
2:26
5.
"Cosmos" (from Dissidia Final Fantasy)
6:09
6.
"Victory Fanfare" (Cosmos from Dissidia Final Fantasy)
「勝利ファンファーレ」
1:13
7.
"Main Theme" (arrange from Final Fantasy I)
「メインテーマ」
1:29
8.
"Battle" (arrange from Final Fantasy I)
「戦闘シーン」
3:33
9.
"Dungeon" (arrange from Final Fantasy I)
「ダンジョン」
2:27
10.
"Main Theme" (arrange from Final Fantasy II)
「メインテーマ」
1:56
11.
"Battle Theme 1" (arrange from Final Fantasy II)
「戦闘シーン1」
3:44
12.
"Battle Theme 2" (arrange from Final Fantasy II)
「戦闘シーン2」
2:53
13.
"Warriors of Light" (from Dissidia Final Fantasy)
「光の戦士達」
0:35
14.
"Eternal Wind" (arrange from Final Fantasy III)
「悠久の風」
2:23
15.
"Battle 2" (arrange from Final Fantasy III)
「バトル2」
3:02
16.
"This Is the Last Battle" (arrange from Final Fantasy III)
「最後の死闘」
1:59
17.
"Battle Preparations" (from Dissidia Final Fantasy)
「臨戦」
1:48
18.
"Main Theme of Final Fantasy IV" (arrange from Final Fantasy IV)
「ファイナルファンタジーIV メインテーマ」
2:40
19.
"Battle with the Four Fiends" (arrange from Final Fantasy IV)
「ゴルベーザ四天王とのバトル」
3:12
20.
"Battle 2" (arrange from Final Fantasy IV)
「バトル2」
2:26
21.
"Victory Fanfare" (Chaos from Dissidia Final Fantasy)
「勝利ファンファーレ」
1:20
22.
"Four Hearts" (arrange from Final Fantasy V)
「4つの心」
1:50
23.
"Battle at the Big Bridge" (arrange from Final Fantasy V)
「ビッグブリッヂの死闘」
2:29
24.
"Battle 1" (arrange from Final Fantasy V)
「バトル1」
1:15
25.
"At Presentiment's Edge" (from Dissidia Final Fantasy)
「思惑の果て」
3:12
26.
"Terra's Theme" (arrange from Final Fantasy VI)
「ティナのテーマ」
1:06
27.
"The Decisive Battle" (arrange from Final Fantasy VI)
「決戦」
1:57
28.
"Battle to the Death" (arrange from Final Fantasy VI)
「死闘」
2:29
29.
"The Quickening" (from Dissidia Final Fantasy)
「胎動」
1:59
30.
"The Troops' Advance" (from Dissidia Final Fantasy)
「進軍」
2:34
Disc 2
No.
Title
Japanese title
Length
1.
"Main Theme of Final Fantasy VII" (arrange from Final Fantasy VII)
「F.F.VII メインテーマ」
2:21
2.
"One-Winged Angel" (orchestra version from Final Fantasy VII)
「片翼の天使」
4:26
3.
"Fight On!" (arrange from Final Fantasy VII)
「更に闘う者達」
3:07
4.
"A Brief Respite" (from Dissidia Final Fantasy)
「一時の安息」
0:54
5.
"Blue Fields" (arrange from Final Fantasy VIII)
2:15
6.
"Don't Be Afraid" (arrange from Final Fantasy VIII)
2:55
7.
"The Extreme" (original from Final Fantasy VIII)
4:19
8.
"Defeat" (Fanfare from "Dissidia Final Fantasy")
「敗北ファンファーレ」
0:51
9.
"Over the Hill" (arrange from Final Fantasy IX)
「あの丘を越えて」
2:37
10.
"Battle 1" (arrange from Final Fantasy IX)
3:15
11.
"Battle 2" (original from Final Fantasy IX)
3:58
12.
"Mambo de Chocobo" (original from Final Fantasy V)
「マンボ de チョコボ」
1:11
13.
"Movement in Green" (arrange from Final Fantasy X)
「萌動」
2:10
14.
"Otherworld" (original from Final Fantasy X)
3:14
15.
"Battle Theme" (original from Final Fantasy X)
「ノーマルバトル」
3:11
16.
"Victory Fanfare" (original from Final Fantasy V)
「勝利のファンファーレ」
0:44
17.
"The Federation of Windurst" (original from Final Fantasy XI)
2:54
18.
"Battle in the Dungeon #2" (original from Final Fantasy XI)
1:32
19.
"Theme of the Empire" (original from Final Fantasy XII)
「帝国のテーマ」
3:56
20.
"Boss Battle" (original from Final Fantasy XII)
3:25
21.
"Answer" (from Dissidia Final Fantasy)
1:53
22.
"Chaos" (Last Battle 1 from Dissidia Final Fantasy)
5:41
23.
"Final Fantasy" (from Dissidia Final Fantasy)
2:13
24.
"Dissidia" (ending from Dissidia Final Fantasy)
8:41
25.
"The Messenger" (bonus track)
4:13
Release and merchandise
For the western localization, the Square Enix staff used analysis from their subsidiary companies in London and Los Angeles to readjust the game for Western audiences.[27] The release date for the western world was revealed to be August 25, 2009 (starting in North America), in addition a number of small changes, including re-adjustments in gameplay, new gameplay events, an arcade gameplay mode, a shortened tutorial, new moves for playable characters, and extra cutscenes featuring cameos from several other characters from the main characters' original games that do not appear in the Japanese version.[28] Director Takeshi Arakawa referred to the Western version as a more action-based game than the original Japanese version which was more RPG-based.[17]
For the Dissidia Final Fantasy US release, Gamestop released the game with two additional covers for anyone who reserved it before it came out.[29] An international version of the game, named Dissidia Final Fantasy: Universal Tuning,[d] is a direct port of the North American version of the game, retaining all the extra features added, and was released in Japan on November 1, 2009. Both English and Japanese voices are available in battle, with the player deciding which language the characters will speak.[30]
Dissidia Final Fantasy-themed PSP bundle, which included a "Mystic Silver" PSP system, a copy of Dissidia Final Fantasy, a 2GB memory stick, and a copy of Final Fantasy VII: Advent Children was also released on August 25 the same year.[31]
Studio BentStuff published the Dissidia Final Fantasy Ultimania α as the initial reference guide for the game. Released on December 4, 2008, this book became part of the Ultimania series, which includes the Kingdom Hearts Ultimania α.[32]Suntory Ltd. also collaborated with Square Enix to create the "Dissidia Final Fantasy Potion" drinks which were released on December 9 in Japan to promote the game's release.
Square Enix released a line of Trading Arts figures in early 2009 with Series 1 containing Cloud Strife, Squall Leonhart, Zidane Tribal, Tidus, and the Warrior of Light.[33] A second series was later released featuring Sephiroth, Terra, Bartz, Firion, and Cecil.[34]
Dissidia sold well according to Takeshi Arakawa, despite concerns about piracy.[44] As of August 2009, Dissidia Final Fantasy has sold 910,000 copies in Japan, making it the fourth best-selling game for the PSP in Japan.[45][46] It was the 12th best-selling game in Japan in 2008, selling 660,262 copies.[47] In the United States, Dissidia debuted as the 7th top-selling software of the August 2009 charts with 130,000 copies, despite only four days of availability.[48] Figures from the NPD Group list Dissidia Final Fantasy as the best-selling PSP game of 2009.[49]
Reviews
Dissidia was well received by the Japanese gaming magazine Famitsu with individual scores of 9/9/10/8, earning the game a place in its "Best Picks of This Week" feature as well as its "Platinum Hall of Fame". The game's battle system was described as fast-paced and exhilarating, with simple controls capable of producing battles like those found in Final Fantasy VII: Advent Children, though it was noted that the action can become difficult to follow when things got hectic and that some of the more technical aspects of the game can be hard to grasp. The game was also praised for its story and cutscenes, with one reviewer noting that the history was "exacting".[37]
The game also enjoyed positive reviews by American critics. 1UP.com and GameSpot praised the fighting system and visuals, with the latter commenting on the mix of RPG and action gameplay. The story received mixed reactions, as GameSpot said that it would only interest fans of the franchise, while 1UP.com enjoyed its references to previous games.[36][40] RandomNPC called the game "one of the few must-have games for the PSP".[50]Game Informer was critical, claiming that the story and gameplay were too similar to past Final Fantasy titles and would turn off new players.[38]
Following the game's positive reception by gamers in Japan that surpassed Nomura's expectations, he already had in mind several new ideas for a sequel and wished to feature Kain in it.[19] Yoshinori Kitase stated that the fight between Cloud and Sephiroth from the film Advent Children was popular enough to make Japanese gamers do a remake of it for the crossover Dissidia Final Fantasy and expected Western fans to also emulate it.[55]
A follow up to Dissidia titled Dissidia 012 Final Fantasy was released in March 2011 for the PlayStation Portable. Since Dissidia had a concrete ending, the team decided to make the story as a prequel.[56] Tetsuya Nomura said that there would be no more Dissidia games following Dissidia 012 although the series may continue "in another form" since the team already believed they did enough with the fighting genre.[57] The main story of Dissidia also served as a basis for the 2012 rhythm gameTheatrhythm Final Fantasy for the Nintendo 3DS, which also uses multiple characters from the Final Fantasy series.[58] In 2013, Ichiro Hazama said that he and much of the team intended to make a third Dissidia title, but did not mention possible platforms.[59] Two years later, a new title, Dissidia Final Fantasy NT, was released for arcades in Japan, and later for PlayStation 4 and Windows. Unlike the previous Dissidia titles, this game features 3v3 combat, as well as adding new playable characters such as Y'shtola and Ramza Beoulve.[60] A freemium mobile spin-off titled Dissidia Final Fantasy Opera Omnia was released in February 2017 for Japan, and January 2018 for international territories respectively.[61][62]
Stranger of Paradise: Final Fantasy Origin, an alternate universe prequel to the first Final Fantasy, makes several allusions to the Dissidia franchise especially during its final DLC episode Different Future. For instance, manikins, the common enemies featured in Dissidia's story mode, are featured as a game and plot element in the DLC episode.[63]
^Square Enix (August 25, 2009). Dissidia: Final Fantasy (PlayStation Portable). Square Enix. Cosmos: I have been defeated by Chaos. The god of discord, Chaos... His brutal powers destroyed the balance of all things, threatening the fabric of reality itself.
^Square Enix (August 25, 2009). Dissidia: Final Fantasy (PlayStation Portable). Square Enix. Cosmos: All existence is on the brink of doom. Ten of you remain--and you are the last hope left to this world. I implore you. Obtain the light that even in a broken world could never fade-- the light of the crystals. The crystals embody the strength to face despair. With ten gathered, there is hope yet to save the world.
^Square Enix (August 25, 2009). Dissidia: Final Fantasy (PlayStation Portable). Square Enix. Cosmos: The paths to our crystals may be different for each of us. But we've strength in our allies. / Firion: And if we put that strength together, we'll have nothing to fear. / Cloud: I don't know. The god, Chaos, is leading his forces of disorder-- and they're headed straight for us. But I'm ready for whatever comes my way. / Tidus: The tougher the enemy, the more fired up I get! / Cosmos: I thank you all.
^Square Enix (August 25, 2009). Dissidia: Final Fantasy (PlayStation Portable). Square Enix. Cecil: But they said that we were the ones who killed Cosmos... / Firion: I think...we should find out the truth. / Bartz: Why Cosmos had to disappear... If WE have to disappear as well... We've got to get some answers! / Cloud: We're not gonna let them have their way.
^Square Enix (August 25, 2009). Dissidia: Final Fantasy (PlayStation Portable). Square Enix. Exdeath: Think of what the crystals are. They are born of the harmonious force possessed by a certain deity. / Tidus: Harmonious force... You don't mean-- / Exdeath: Indeed, the crystals are shards of Cosmos. They themselves are the goddess's power. And it is because you had obtained them that Cosmos lost her strength and perished. The power of the crystals has allowed the pawns to live on without their master. But so feeble is the light that remains. Even that shall soon fade to nothing.
^Square Enix (August 25, 2009). Dissidia: Final Fantasy (PlayStation Portable). Square Enix. Warrior of Light: The battle has come to an end... / Tidus: Gotta go, huh... Don't worry. The crystal knows the rest of the way. Besides-- I'm always right here./ Zidane: We're not vanishing. We're returning-- to where we're supposed to be.
^Square Enix (August 25, 2009). Dissidia: Final Fantasy (PlayStation Portable). Square Enix. Shantotto: Why, hello! And, oh...goodbye! This is where scholars can further enjoy the pursuit of knowledge in peace as a reward. It is not a place where plebeians like you should enter of your own accord! Oh, there's no need to pout. You say that you're trapped know not the way out?
^Square Enix (August 25, 2009). Dissidia: Final Fantasy (PlayStation Portable). Square Enix. Gabranth: Hmph. Just another stray being played with by the gods. No matter. Choose the path you wish to take. All paths lead to the same end, anyway. You keep fighting...and die like a dog.
^Square Enix (August 25, 2009). Dissidia: Final Fantasy (PlayStation Portable). Square Enix. Shinryu: The instant Chaos was destroyed, the power of discord distorted the fabric of time and space, creating a new realm of possibilities... That Chaos has never known defeat. At the darkest edge of despair he waits, eternally tortured by the flames of the abyss... Into the endless emptiness of Chaos's heart, I, Shinryu, shall let flow my power. This is a fantasy that ought not exist... Moreover...it is one without end.
