Messier 22

Messier 22
Bagian inti dari Messier 22
Data pengamatan (J2000 epos)
KelasVII[1]
Rasi bintangSagittarius
Asensio rekta 18j 36m 23.94d[2]
Deklinasi –23° 54′ 17.1″[2]
Jarak10.6 +/- 1.0 ktc[3]
Magnitudo tampak (V)+5.1[4]
Dimensi tampak (V)32 arcmins
Karakteristik fisik
Massa2,9×105[5] M
Radius50 ± 5 ly[6]
VHB14.2
Metalisitas = –1.49[7] dex
Perkiraan umur12 Gyr[8]
Fitur pentingOne of four globulars known to contain a planetary nebula.
Nama lainNGC 6656, GCl 99[9]
Lihat pula: Gugus bola, Daftar gugus bola

Messier 22 (dikenal juga sebagai M22 atau NGC 6656) adalah gugus bola berbentuk elips di daerah rasi bintang Saggitarius, dekat daerah daerah Galactic bulge. M22 merupakan salah satu dari gugus bola yang paling terang yang terlihat di langit malam.

Sejarah

M22 ditemukan oleh Abraham Ihle pada tahun 1665[3] dan ditambahkan ke dalam katalog Messier pada tanggal 5 Juni 1764.

M22 juga merupakan gugus bola pertama yang dipelajari secara mendalam oleh Harlow Shapley tahu 1930. Ia menemukan paling tidak terdapat 70.000 bintang yang juga memiliki inti yang tebal.[10] Kemudian Halton Arp dan William G. Melbourne melanjutkan penelitian pada tahun 1959.[11] Karena penyebaran warna yang luas, yang mirip dengan Omega Centauri, M22 menjadi objek penelitian yang intensif sejak tahun 1977.[3][12]

Karakteristik

Messier 22 dengan teleskop amatir

M22 merupakan salah satu gugus bola yang paling dekat dengan bumi. Jaraknya hanya 10,600 tahun cahaya. Merentang 32' di langit yang kira-kira sama dengan 99 ± 9 tahun cahaya. 32 bintang variabel sudah dicatat ada di M22.[8]

Meskipun jaraknya cukup dekat, tetapi cahaya gugus yang miskin logam ini terhalang oleh debu, sehingga hanya terlihat dengan magnitudo semu +5.1[4] dan menjadi gugus bola paling terang yang dilihat dari bumi belahan utara.[13]

Gugus dengan planet

M22 menjadi tidak umum dikarenakan M22 merupakan satu dari empat gugus (yang lain: M15, NGC 6441 dan Palomar 6) yang diketahui memiliki planet. Hal ini diketahui dengan menggunakan satelit IRAS oleh Fred Gillett pada tahun 198.[14][15]

Pranala luar

Referensi

  1. ^ Shapley, Harlow; Sawyer, Helen B. (1927), "A Classification of Globular Clusters", Harvard College Observatory Bulletin (849): 11–14, Bibcode:1927BHarO.849...11S. 
  2. ^ a b Goldsbury, Ryan; et al. (2010), "The ACS Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters. X. New Determinations of Centers for 65 Clusters", The Astronomical Journal, 140 (6): 1830–1837, Bibcode:2010AJ....140.1830G, doi:10.1088/0004-6256/140/6/1830. 
  3. ^ a b c Monaco, L.; Pancino, E.; Ferraro, F. R.; Bellazzini, M. (2004). "Wide-field photometry of the Galactic globular cluster M22". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 349 (4): 1278–1290. arXiv:astro-ph/0401392alt=Dapat diakses gratis. Bibcode:2004MNRAS.349.1278M. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2004.07599.x. 
  4. ^ a b "Galactic Globular Clusters Database (M22)". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2009-06-03. Diakses tanggal 2012-05-24. 
  5. ^ Marks, Michael; Kroupa, Pavel (2010), "Initial conditions for globular clusters and assembly of the old globular cluster population of the Milky Way", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 406 (3): 2000–2012, Bibcode:2010MNRAS.406.2000M, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.16813.x.  Mass is from MPD on Table 1.
  6. ^ distance × sin( diameter_angle / 2 ) = 50 ly radius
  7. ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama mnras404_3_1203
  8. ^ a b Gaudi, B. Scott (2002). "Interpreting the M22 Spike Events". Astrophysical Journal. 566 (1): 452–462. arXiv:astro-ph/0108301alt=Dapat diakses gratis. Bibcode:2002ApJ...566..452G. doi:10.1086/338041. 
  9. ^ "SIMBAD Astronomical Database". Results for NGC 6656. Diakses tanggal 2006-11-15. 
  10. ^ Shapley, Harlow (1930). "The Mass-Spectrum Relation for Giant Stars in the Globular Cluster Messier 22". Harvard College Observatory Bulletin. 874: 4–9. Bibcode:1930BHarO.874....4S. 
  11. ^ Arp, H. C.; Melbourne, W. G. (1959). "Color-magnitude diagram for the globular cluster M22". Astronomical Journal. 64: 28. Bibcode:1959AJ.....64...28A. doi:10.1086/107848. 
  12. ^ Hesser, J. E.; Hartwick, F. D. A.; McClure, R. D. (1977). "Cyanogen strengths and ultraviolet excesses of evolved stars in 17 globular clusters from DDO photometry". Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 33: 471. Bibcode:1977ApJS...33..471H. doi:10.1086/190438. 
  13. ^ I. Ivans, C. Sneden, G. Wallerstein, R. P. Kraft, J. E. Norris, J. P. Fulbright, and G. Gonzalez (2004). "On the Question of a Metallicity Spread in Globular Cluster M22 (NGC 6656)". Memorie della Società Astronomica Italiana. 75: 286. Bibcode:2004MmSAI..75..286I. 
  14. ^ Gillett, F. C.; Neugebauer, G.; Emerson, J. P.; Rice, W. L. (1986). "IRAS 18333-2357 - an unusual source in M22". Astrophysical Journal. 300: 722–728. Bibcode:1986ApJ...300..722G. doi:10.1086/163846. 
  15. ^ Cohen, J. G.; Gillett, F. C. (1989). "The peculiar planetary nebula in M22". Astrophysical Journal. 346: 803–807. Bibcode:1989ApJ...346..803C. doi:10.1086/168061. 

Koordinat: Peta langit 18h 36m 24.21s, −23° 54′ 12.2″

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